JP5581217B2 - Co2含有排ガスを再処理する方法および装置 - Google Patents
Co2含有排ガスを再処理する方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5581217B2 JP5581217B2 JP2010538471A JP2010538471A JP5581217B2 JP 5581217 B2 JP5581217 B2 JP 5581217B2 JP 2010538471 A JP2010538471 A JP 2010538471A JP 2010538471 A JP2010538471 A JP 2010538471A JP 5581217 B2 JP5581217 B2 JP 5581217B2
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Classifications
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
以下の例示的な実施例は、本発明を説明することを意図するが、本発明を限定することを意図しない。
装置10に相当するパイロット設備において、石灰の粗片からなる反応床18は、1,500kg/時間のマスフローで連続的に循環された。天然ガスおよび酸素による一酸化炭素生成段階3の加熱は、燃焼ガス生成段階1において550〜600℃の温度、一酸化炭素生成段階3において約1,000〜1,200℃の温度が行き渡るようにバーナー装置34で設定した。600kg/時間の混合プラスチック片(6.94kW/kgのカロリー値および1.6%の塩素含量の)、および1,500k/時間の石炭(約73.5%の炭素含量の瀝青炭)を、反応床18において連続的に混入した。同時に、2,000kg/時間のマスフローの二酸化炭素をガス供給装置12において計量して冷却段階4を介して入れた。
以下を系に供給した:
50kg/時間の天然ガス(0.69MW/時間(HU)のカロリー値に相当する)
2,500kg/時間の硬質炭(19.9MW/時間のカロリー値(HU)に相当する)
1,000kg/時間の水
600kg/時間の混合プラスチック(再生利用のために添加)
2,000kg/時間のCO2
7876Nm3の、3.56KW/Nm3のカロリー値を有する燃焼ガス
(28.04MW/時間の燃焼ガスの総エネルギー当量に相当する)
燃焼ガス中のCO2残留物:236kg/時間
実施例1では、本発明の方法に関連して、エネルギー供給物および部分的に炭素供給物として、6.94kW/kgのカロリー値(HU)および1.6%塩素の混合プラスチック廃棄物片の、600kg/時間のマスフローを用いることによって、新たな燃焼ガスの生成と一緒に、1764kg/時間CO2のマスフローの改質を実現することができた。炭素バランスは、炭素担体として2,500kg/時間の硬質炭(瀝青炭)および1,00kg/時間の水の追加的な利用によって補償した。生ガスダスト中のジオキシンおよびフランの形成は、検出することができなかった。
装置10に相当するパイロット設備において、石灰の粗片からなる反応床18を、1,500kg/時間のマスフローで連続的に循環させた。天然ガスおよび酸素による一酸化炭素生成段階3の加熱は、燃焼ガス生成段階1において550〜600℃の温度、一酸化炭素生成段階3において約1,000〜1,200℃の温度が行き渡るようにバーナーシステム34で調整した。600kg/時間の混合プラスチック片(6.94kW/kgのカロリー値および1.6%の塩素含量の)、および2,000k/時間のスクラップ木材(約39.9%の炭素含量を負荷されたA4木材)を、反応床18において連続的に混入した。同時に、2,000kg/時間のマスフローの二酸化炭素をガス供給装置12において計量して冷却段階4を介して入れた。
以下を系に供給した:
50kg/時間の天然ガス(0.69MW/時間(HU)のカロリー値に相当する)
4,500kg/時間のスクラップ木材(16.18MW/時間のカロリー値(HU)に相当する)
600kg/時間の混合プラスチック(再生利用のために添加)
2,000kg/時間のCO2
7384Nm3の、3.21KW/Nm3のカロリー値を有する燃焼ガス
(23.70MW/時間の燃焼ガスの総エネルギー当量に相当する)
燃焼ガス中のCO2残留物:423kg/時間
実施例2では、本発明の方法に関連して、エネルギー供給物および部分的に炭素供給物として、6.94kW/kgのカロリー値(HU)および1.6%塩素の混合プラスチック廃棄物片の、600kg/時間のマスフローを用いることによって、新たな燃焼ガスの生成と一緒に、1577kg/時間CO2のマスフローの改質を実現することができた。炭素バランスは、炭素担体として4,000kg/時間のスクラップ木材の追加的な利用によって補償した。粗ガスダスト中のジオキシンおよびフランの形成は、検出することができなかった。
Claims (21)
- 多段還元処理においてCO2含有排ガスを再処理する方法において、CO2含有排ガスは、酸化カルシウムのような塩基性か焼物および石灰石のような塩基性か焼物の前駆体の群から選択されるガス化できないバルク材と炭素含有成分の固体マスフローに対して向流に、圧力補償ゾーンまで複数のプロセスゾーンを通して導入され、その際、熱分解ガスに変換され、固体マスフローの流れ方向にて、
a.250〜700℃の燃焼ガス生成段階(1)で、前記炭素含有成分は、還元条件下で熱分解されて、コークスおよび残渣の生成とともに短鎖炭化水素、水素および一酸化炭素を形成するステップと、
b.温度上昇する中間段階(2)で、コークスの酸化が行われ、生成した一酸化炭素が、固体マスフローの方向と反対に燃焼ガス生成段階(1)への方向に排気されるステップと、
c.800〜1600℃での一酸化炭素生成段階(3)で、残存するコークス残渣が、ブードアー平衡に従って圧力および温度を調整しながら、二酸化炭素と共に、一酸化炭素に変換されるステップと、
d.冷却段階(4)で、固体残渣物質とガス化できないバルク材の粗片が、CO2向流中で100℃未満に冷却され、CO 2 向流から取り出されるステップと、
e.ガス化できないバルク材の粗片が、取り出された後に循環中に戻されるステップと、
を特徴とする方法。 - 前記中間段階(2)にて、600〜1000℃の温度を設定し、圧力を減少し、その結果、この段階にて、炭素含有成分の熱分解とブードアー平衡反応が低圧および低温で同時に行われることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記熱分解ガスが、前記中間段階にて低圧を発生させる吸引装置(20)によって除去されることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記燃焼ガス生成段階(1)を実行するプロセスゾーンの上方の圧力補償ゾーン(32)にて、粗バルク材と微細バルク材の混合物が圧力貯蔵部として用いられることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 温度・圧力制御が、固体マスの組成および/またはそれらのスループット速度によって行われることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 温度・圧力制御が、CO2に対する供給された炭素含有成分に応じて行われることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 温度・圧力制御が、CO2に対する供給炭素含有成分および、さらに添加される酸素含有ガスの比に応じて行われることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記固体マスフローに追加的に硬質炭とスクラップ木材の群から選択された炭素担体が混合されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 水および/または水蒸気が、前記冷却段階(4)、前記中間段階(2)または前記一酸化炭素生成段階(3)に計量して入れられることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記多段還元処理が焼成シャフトキルン炉(10)で行われ、ここで、前記ガス化できないバルク材が焼成シャフトキルン炉(10)を通って上から下へ導かれ、その結果、炭素含有成分は、酸素を多大に排除し<C4の鎖長の短鎖分子を含む熱分解ガスと熱分解コークスを生成するとともに熱的に分解され、生成した熱分解ガスが前記焼成シャフトキルン炉から排気されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記循環へ戻すために、0.5〜15cmの範囲の粒径のバルク材が、冷却段階から除去されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記熱分解ガスが、フィルター装置(22)によって、微細バルク材の粒子に結合した熱分解残渣を含む微細ダストから浄化されることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記熱分解ガスが、化学処理および/または熱的使用のための合成ガス(26)として用いられることを特徴とする、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記熱分解ガスが、部分的液化および/または圧力変化吸収によって、それらのガス成分である一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素、水素および炭化水素に分離されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 一酸化炭素が、化学処理における原料として使用するための合成ガス(26)として用いられることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 分離された水素が、熱的および/または物質的な目的のために原料として用いられることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 加熱/推進物質(28)として得られた炭化水素が、熱的目的のため、および/または物質的な目的のため、および/または燃料として、用いられることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記熱分解ガスが、水蒸気との500℃未満の触媒反応による水性ガス移行反応(30)によって、物理的分離法によって分離される水素と二酸化炭素に本質的に変換され、ここで、水素は、熱使用および/または原料使用のために用いられ、かつ生成したCO2が向流を形成するために部分的に戻されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 再処理されるCO2含有排ガスが、化石燃料の使用による燃焼処理にて生成され、再処理の際に生成する熱分解ガスが、前記燃焼処理にて再び用いられることを特徴とする、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- CO2含有排ガスが、焼成プロセス(5、6、7、8)にて生成し、ここで、炭酸塩はそれらをCO2から分裂させることによって酸化物に変換され、再処理の際に生成する熱分解ガスが、焼成プロセスに必要な熱エネルギーの一部を与えるために用いられることを特徴とする、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 上端部に固体マスフローのための注入口シャフトを有するシュート、および下端部に固体残渣物質と灰のためのドローオフ装置(14)を配置する垂直な焼成シャフトキルン炉(10)からなる、請求項1〜20のいずれか一項に記載の方法を実施するための装置において、
前記シュートは圧力補償ゾーン(32)を構成し、ガス化できないバルク材と炭素含有成分の混合物で充填されている垂直なシュートであること、
前記焼成シャフトキルン炉(10)の燃焼ガス生成段階(1)を実行する上部分に、ガス化できないバルク材の微細バルク材とガスのための吸引装置(20)とフィルター装置(22)が配置され、一酸化炭素生成段階(3)を実行する中央部分で、炉温度を制御するためのバーナー装置(34)が前記焼成シャフトキルン炉(10)に連通すること、ならびに
前記焼成シャフトキルン炉(10)の下端部に、CO2含有ガスのためのガス供給装置(12)とガス混合装置(13)とが設けられ、当該ガス混合装置は前記シャフトキルン炉にてブードアー平衡を設定するためのフロー調整器を備えていて、ここで、さらに、前記ドローオフ装置(14)の下流でガス化できないバルク材を残存する固体物質から分離して前記シュートに戻す装置(16)が設けられていることを特徴とする、装置。
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Publication number | Publication date |
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SI2227312T1 (sl) | 2012-12-31 |
CY1113815T1 (el) | 2016-07-27 |
KR101342226B1 (ko) | 2013-12-16 |
CN101903081B (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
DE102007062413B3 (de) | 2009-09-10 |
RS52604B (en) | 2013-04-30 |
US8911520B2 (en) | 2014-12-16 |
BRPI0820734A2 (pt) | 2015-06-16 |
CA2708860C (en) | 2013-04-30 |
RU2010129543A (ru) | 2012-01-27 |
DK2227312T3 (da) | 2012-10-29 |
EP2227312B1 (de) | 2012-07-25 |
CA2708860A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
AU2008340650A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
PT2227312E (pt) | 2012-10-31 |
JP2011508714A (ja) | 2011-03-17 |
WO2009080297A1 (de) | 2009-07-02 |
AU2008340650B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
PL2227312T3 (pl) | 2013-02-28 |
EP2227312A1 (de) | 2010-09-15 |
HRP20120848T1 (hr) | 2012-12-31 |
RU2467789C2 (ru) | 2012-11-27 |
UA100254C2 (uk) | 2012-12-10 |
ZA201003942B (en) | 2011-03-30 |
ES2393149T3 (es) | 2012-12-18 |
HK1148497A1 (en) | 2011-09-09 |
CN101903081A (zh) | 2010-12-01 |
KR20100113519A (ko) | 2010-10-21 |
US20110094159A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
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