JP5532321B2 - 面発光レーザ素子、面発光レーザアレイ、光走査装置及び画像形成装置 - Google Patents
面発光レーザ素子、面発光レーザアレイ、光走査装置及び画像形成装置 Download PDFInfo
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Description
Claims (20)
- 活性層を含む共振器構造体、及び該共振器構造体を挟んで設けられ、アルミニウムを含む被選択酸化層の一部が酸化されて生成された酸化物を少なくとも含む酸化物が電流通過領域を取り囲む狭窄構造体を有する半導体多層膜反射鏡を含む複数の半導体層が基板上に積層され、光が射出される射出面上に射出領域を取り囲んで設けられた電極、及び前記射出領域内でその中心部から外れた部分に設けられ、該部分の反射率を中心部の反射率よりも低くする誘電体膜を備える面発光レーザ素子において、
前記誘電体膜は、高次横モードに対する反射率が、第1の方向よりも該第1の方向に直交する第2の方向のほうが相対的に大きくなるように配置され、
前記電流通過領域は、前記第1の方向に関する幅が、前記第2の方向に関する幅よりも大きいことを特徴とする面発光レーザ素子。 - 前記電流通過領域は、該電流通過領域の中心を通る方向に関する幅のうち前記第2の方向に関する幅が最も小さいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 前記反射率を相対的に低くする誘電体膜は、前記射出領域内で、該射出領域の中心部から外れた部分に設けられた2つの小領域に形成され、該2つの小領域は、前記中心部を挟んで、前記第1の方向に関して対向していることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 前記反射率を相対的に低くする誘電体膜は、前記射出領域内で、該射出領域の中心部を取り囲んで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 前記反射率を相対的に低くする誘電体膜は、開始端と終了端を有し、前記射出領域内で、前記射出領域の中心部を部分的に取り囲んで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 前記射出領域の中心部には、互いに屈折率の異なる複数の誘電体膜からなるペアを少なくとも1ペア有する多層膜反射鏡が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 前記射出領域内における中心部から外れた部分で、前記反射率を相対的に低くする誘電体膜がない領域には、互いに屈折率の異なる複数の誘電体膜からなるペアを少なくとも1ペア有する多層膜反射鏡が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、5のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 前記少なくとも1ペア有する多層膜反射鏡の各誘電体膜は、SiNx、SiOx、TiOx及びSiONのいずれかの膜であることを特徴とする請求項6又は7に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 前記少なくとも1ペア有する多層膜反射鏡の各誘電体膜は、光学的厚さが「発振波長/4」の奇数倍であり、
該多層膜反射鏡の光学的厚さは、「発振波長/4」の偶数倍であることを特徴とする請求項6又は7に記載の面発光レーザ素子。 - 前記複数の半導体層は、前記酸化に先立って、少なくとも前記被選択酸化層が側面に露出したメサ形状となるようにエッチングされており、
前記第1の方向に関するメサ幅は、前記第2の方向に関するメサ幅よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザ素子。 - 前記基板は、主面の法線方向が、結晶方位<1 0 0>の一の方向に対して、結晶方位<1 1 1>の一の方向に向かって傾斜している基板であることを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 前記反射率を相対的に低くする誘電体膜は、SiNx、SiOx、TiOx及びSiONのいずれかの膜であることを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 前記反射率を相対的に低くする誘電体膜の光学的厚さは、「発振波長/4」の奇数倍であることを特徴とする請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 前記射出領域内の反射率が相対的に高い領域は、光学的厚さが「発振波長/4」の偶数倍の誘電体膜で被覆されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 前記射出領域内の反射率が相対的に高い領域を被覆する誘電体膜は、反射率を前記射出領域の中心部の反射率よりも低くする前記誘電体膜と同一材料であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の面発光レーザ素子。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザ素子が集積された面発光レーザアレイ。
- 光によって被走査面を走査する光走査装置であって、
請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の面発光レーザ素子を有する光源と;
前記光源からの光を偏向する偏向器と;
前記偏向器で偏向された光を前記被走査面上に集光する走査光学系と;を備える光走査装置。 - 光によって被走査面を走査する光走査装置であって、
請求項16に記載の面発光レーザアレイを有する光源と;
前記光源からの光を偏向する偏向器と;
前記偏向器で偏向された光を前記被走査面上に集光する走査光学系と;を備える光走査装置。 - 少なくとも1つの像担持体と;
前記少なくとも1つの像担持体に対して画像情報に応じて変調された光を走査する少なくとも1つの請求項17又は18に記載の光走査装置と;を備える画像形成装置。 - 前記画像情報は、多色のカラー画像情報であることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の画像形成装置。
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