JP5479355B2 - 血液中の循環黒色腫細胞の自動計数及び特徴付け - Google Patents
血液中の循環黒色腫細胞の自動計数及び特徴付け Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、米国特許仮出願第61/004,345号(2007年11月27日出願)に対する優先権を主張する非仮出願である。上記の出願は、参照により全文が本明細書に組み込まれる。
〔発明の分野〕
本発明は概して、形態学的に完全な形状の、血液中の循環黒色腫細胞(CMC)の存在に基づき、癌患者の疾患進行を監視及び評価することに関する。より具体的には、患者において循環黒色腫細胞の評価を行うための方法、試薬及び装置について記述される。循環黒色腫細胞は、約5〜50mLの抹消血内の1つ又は2つの循環腫瘍細胞を分離及び画像化するために確立された感度の高い方法によって測定される。腫瘍細胞数のレベル及び腫瘍細胞数の増加が、転移性黒色腫をもつ患者の監視手段を提供する。
進行した黒色腫の治療は、その異質組織病理学、及び腫瘍進行中に蓄積される構成の変化によって複雑なものとなっている。転移性乳癌又は結腸直腸癌の患者の循環腫瘍細胞の計数及び特徴付けは、臨床的に重要性の高い独立した予後及び予測情報を提供することが示されており、患者管理の監視に使用することができる。
本発明は、セルトラックス(CellTracks)(登録商標)システムなどの臨床分析ツールを取り入れた、黒色腫をもつ患者の血液中の循環黒色種細胞(CMC)の捕捉及び検出のための自動的方法を提供し、また転移性癌をもつ患者の循環上皮細胞の絶対数、変化、又はその両方の組み合わせに基づく。システムは、免疫磁気的に上皮細胞を濃縮し、細胞を蛍光標識し、黒色腫の陽性計数用にCMCを識別し定量化する。
血液中のCTCを分離、濃縮、及び分析するための、いかなる効果的なメカニズムも適切であるが、循環腫瘍細胞を採取するための1つの方法では、最初の血液採取の後、免疫磁気的濃縮技法、免疫蛍光標識技法を、適切な分析プラットフォームと組み合わせる。付随する検査は、全血の検体中のこれらの希少細胞を検出するため、並びに上皮由来の悪性腫瘍における疾患の臨床経過におけるこれら細胞の役割を調べるための、感度及び特異性を有していることが示されている。希少細胞は、動物モデルにおける疾患進行のモデリングにおいてそれらを採取及び使用することが可能になるような感度及び特異性をもって、全血の検体から検出される。
循環サイトケラチン陽性細胞の計数
セルトラックス(CellTracks)(登録商標)システムは、血液から分離された細胞の自動計数のための自動蛍光顕微鏡システムである。このシステムには、一体化したコンピュータ制御蛍光顕微鏡と、使い捨て検体カートリッジを保持する磁気ヨークアセンブリを備えた自動化ステージとが含まれる。磁気ヨークは、検体チャンバー内にある磁性流体標識された腫瘍細胞の候補を、顕微鏡観察のために検体カートリッジの上部観測表面に磁気的に集めることを可能にするよう設計されている。ソフトウェアは、サイトケラチンに対する抗体で標識され、かつ上皮由来である疑わしい癌細胞を、最終選択のためにオペレーターに提示する。
(1) 転移性黒色腫疾患をもつ患者の循環黒色腫細胞の分析方法において、
a)転移性黒色腫をもつ患者から100μLの血液検体を取得することであって、前記検体は前記黒色腫細胞を含有すると疑われる混合細胞集団を含む、ことと、
b)前記試料の画分を濃縮することであって、前記画分が前記黒色腫細胞を含有する、ことと、
c)前記希少細胞の構造的完全性が無傷であることを確認することと、
d)前記無傷の希少細胞を分析することであって、前記分析が疾患進行に相関する、ことと、
を含む、方法。
(2) 前記画分が、前記黒色腫細胞に特異的に結合する生物学的特異的なリガンドに結合した常磁性体粒子を、他の群を実質的に除外して区別するよう、外部的に印加される磁場を用いた免疫磁気的な濃縮によって得られる、実施態様1に記載の方法。
(3) 前記生物学的特異的なリガンドが黒色腫細胞接着分子CD146である、実施態様2に記載の方法。
(4) 前記構造的完全性が、免疫細胞化学的手順、FISH手順、フローサイトメトリー手順、画像サイトメトリー手順、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される手順によって判断される、実施態様1に記載の方法。
(5) 前記構造的完全性が、核酸染料、高分子量黒色腫関連抗原に特異的なモノクローナル抗体によって判断される、実施態様1に記載の方法。
(6) 前記構造的完全性が、白血球及び内皮特異的抗体を使用して、共濃縮された白血球及び循環内皮細胞を除外することによって更に確認される、実施態様5に記載の方法。
(7) 前記特異的抗体がCD45及びCD34である、実施態様6に記載の方法。
(8) CD45及びCD34を更に含有して、共濃縮された白血球及び循環内皮細胞を除外する、実施態様5に記載の方法。
(9) FITC標識された抗−Ki67が追加されて、循環内の活性細胞周期のCMCの割合を測定する、実施態様1に記載の方法。
(10) 前記試料に存在する前記無傷の黒色腫細胞の数の増加が、疾患の進行に対応する、実施態様1に記載の方法。
Claims (1)
- 転移性黒色腫疾患をもつ患者の循環黒色腫細胞の分析方法において、
a)転移性黒色腫をもつ患者から得られた血液検体を提供することであって、前記検体は前記循環黒色腫細胞を含有すると疑われる混合細胞集団を含む、ことと、
b)前記検体の画分を濃縮することであって、前記画分が前記循環黒色腫細胞を含有する、ことと、
c)前記循環黒色腫細胞が無傷であるという構造的無傷性を確認することと、
d)前記無傷の循環黒色腫細胞を分析して、前記検体中における前記無傷の循環黒色腫細胞数が増加したかどうかを判断することと、
を含み、
前記画分が、前記循環黒色腫細胞に特異的に結合する生物学的特異的なリガンドに結合した常磁性体粒子を分離して、他の群を実質的に除外する、外部的に印加される磁場を用いた免疫磁気的な濃縮によって得られるものであり、
前記生物学的特異的なリガンドが黒色腫細胞接着分子CD146であり、
前記構造的無傷性が、核酸染料であるDAPI、および高分子量黒色腫関連抗原に特異的な、フィコエリスリン(PE)接合モノクローナル抗体によって判断され、
前記構造的無傷性が、白血球及び内皮特異的抗体を使用して、共濃縮された白血球及び循環内皮細胞を除外することによって更に確認され、
前記特異的抗体が、アロフィコシアニン(APC)に接合した抗CD45抗体及び抗CD34抗体であり、
FITC標識された抗−Ki67が追加されて、循環内の活性細胞周期の循環黒色腫細胞の割合が決定される、
分析方法。
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