JP5462977B2 - 冷凍油及び二酸化炭素冷媒組成物 - Google Patents
冷凍油及び二酸化炭素冷媒組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5462977B2 JP5462977B2 JP2013503877A JP2013503877A JP5462977B2 JP 5462977 B2 JP5462977 B2 JP 5462977B2 JP 2013503877 A JP2013503877 A JP 2013503877A JP 2013503877 A JP2013503877 A JP 2013503877A JP 5462977 B2 JP5462977 B2 JP 5462977B2
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- pentaerythritol
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- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 85
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- 125000005157 alkyl carboxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- OILUAKBAMVLXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5,5-trimethyl-hexanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C OILUAKBAMVLXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OTYIADUBGFZFSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(acetylsulfamoyl)phenyl]-2-[[2-[[4-(acetylsulfamoyl)phenyl]carbamoyl]phenyl]disulfanyl]benzamide Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)C)=CC=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1SSC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NC(C)=O)C=C1 OTYIADUBGFZFSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQVGZVZFVNMBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 RQVGZVZFVNMBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036314 physical performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GKASDNZWUGIAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl orthoformate Chemical compound CCOC(OCC)OCC GKASDNZWUGIAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/09—Characteristics associated with water
- C10N2020/097—Refrigerants
- C10N2020/101—Containing Hydrofluorocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/09—Characteristics associated with water
- C10N2020/097—Refrigerants
- C10N2020/106—Containing Carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
ポリオールエステル潤滑剤組成物は、
a)20〜45重量%の式Iの化合物、ただしnは1、R1は各々独立に選択され、基R、即ちモノ−ペンタエリトリトールエステルであり、
b)15〜20重量%の式Iの化合物、ただしnは2、R1は各々独立に選択され、基R、即ちジ−ペンタエリトリトールエステルであり、
c)10〜15重量%の式Iの化合物、ただしnは3、R1は各々独立に選択され、基R、即ちトリ−ペンタエリトリトールエステルであり、
d)30〜55重量%の式Iの化合物、ただし該化合物は4以上のペンタエリトリトールモノマー基のであるペンタエリトリトールオリゴマーである、
を含む。
工程1:メカニカルスターラー、Dean−Starkトラップ、冷却器、窒素スパージャー、及び真空源を備えた反応機に、3418.5グラム(25.11モル)のペンタエリトリトール、n−ペンタン酸(4880.9グラム、47.79モル)、n−ヘキサン酸(50.1グラム、0.43モル)、n−ヘプタン酸(50.1グラム、0.39モル)、n−オクタン酸(50.1グラム、0.35モル)、n−ノナン酸(50.1グラム、0.32モル)、及び触媒量のメタンスルホン酸を入れた。反応混合物を約170℃の温度に加熱し、真空を適用し、反応水を除去し、Dean−Starkトラップに集めながら、酸を反応液に戻した。エステル及びエーテル形成反応で生じた水の等価量が集まるまで反応を続けた。
実施例1の生成物をジ(2−エチルヘキシル)ネオペンチルグリコールとブレンドし、40℃で67.6cStの動粘性率を有する生成物を得た。最終組成物は約16重量%のジ(2−エチルヘキシル)ネオペンチルグリコール及び約84重量%の実施例1の生成物を含んでいた。生成物の他の物性は表1に示されている。
実施例1の手順に従って、40℃で54.8cStの粘度を持った生成物を、工程1で、ペンタエリトリトール(569.2グラム、4.18モル)、n−ペンタン酸(999.8グラム、9.79モル)、イソペンタン酸(10.3グラム、0.10モル)、n−ヘプタン酸(10.3グラム、0.08モル)、イソノナン酸(10.3グラム、0.07モル)、及び触媒量のメタンスルホン酸を反応させ、次いで工程1で用いたのと同じモル比の工程2の追加のカルボン酸を用いて完全にエステル化された生成物へと最終的に変換することにより得た。
実施例3の手順を、ポリオールとカルボン酸の初期添加量の2倍量、即ち、ペンタエリトリトール(1236.2グラム、9.08モル)、n−ペンタン酸(2098.2グラム、20.54モル)、イソペンタン酸(21.8グラム、0.21モル)、n−ヘプタン酸(21.8グラム、0.17モル)、イソノナン酸(21.8グラム、0.14モル)で繰り返した。ただし、工程1の反応混合物をより長い時間、真空適用下、約170℃の温度に加熱し、反応物量に比較して反応水をより多く除去した。
工程1の反応混合物を、ずっと長い時間、真空適用下、約170℃の温度に加熱し反応物量に比較して反応水をより多く除去し、より多くの量のオリゴマーを発生させた以外は、実施例4を繰り返した。40℃で77.4cStの粘度の生成物を得た。
実施例1の手順に従って、工程1で、ペンタエリトリトール(640.0グラム、4.70モル)、n−ペンタン酸(960.0グラム、9.40モル)、及びメタンスルホン酸触媒を反応させ、次いで工程2で追加のn−ペンタン酸を用いて完全にエステル化された生成物へと最終的に変換することによって、40℃で80.2cStの粘度を持つ生成物を得た。
実施例1の手順に従って、工程1で、ペンタエリトリトール(1245.2グラム、9.15モル)、n−ペンタン酸(1127.4グラム、11.01モル)、イソペンタン酸(1082.2グラム、10.60モル)、ヘプタン酸(22.6グラム、0.08モル)、イソノナン酸(22.6グラム、0.07モル)及び触媒量のメタンスルホン酸を反応させ、次いで工程1で用いたのと同じモル比の工程2の追加のカルボン酸を用いて完全にエステル化された生成物へと最終的に変換することによって、40℃で68.6cStの粘度を持つ生成物を得た。
比較例Aは、CPIエンジニアリングサービス(CPI Engineering Services)からEMKARATERL68Hの商品名で購入できる伝統的なプレミアムISO68ポリオールエステル冷凍潤滑剤である。これは、およそ1:1重量%比の工業銘柄のペンタエリトリトールとジペンタエリトリトールと、過剰量の吉草酸、n−ヘプタン酸、及び3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸のおおまかに18:27:55重量%比での反応生成物である。
比較例Bは、エクソンモービルコーポレーション(ExxonMobil Corporation)からEAL ARCTIC68として購入できる伝統的なISO68ポリオールエステル冷凍潤滑剤である。これは、イソペンタン酸(およそ34重量%の2−メチルブタン酸及び66重量%の吉草酸の混合物)、n−ヘプタン酸、及び3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸のペンタエリトリトールエステルである。
比較例Cは、Fuchs Europe Schmierstoffe、GMBHからRENISO C85Eとして購入できる伝統的なISO85ポリオールエステル冷凍潤滑剤である。これは、吉草酸、n−ヘプタン酸、及び3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸から誘導されたモノペンタエリトリトールエステルとジペンタエリトリトールエステルの混合物である。
比較例Dは米国特許出願第12/684,315号の実施例1の手順を用いて調製された。最初の反応充填物はペンタエリトリトール(392グラム、2.88モル)、n−ヘプタン酸(720グラム、5.54モル)、及びメタンスルホン酸触媒からなるものであった。初期のエステル化と縮合工程の後、n−ヘプタン酸(236.6グラム、1.82モル)並びにn−オクタン酸及びn−デカン酸(264.4グラム、2.05モル)のブレンドを添加して上記の手順で記載した第二のエステル化工程を完了した。反応生成物を、n−ヘプタン酸、n−オクタン酸及びn−デカン酸のテクニカルなペンタエリトリトールエステルの約275グラムとブレンドし、40℃で69.0の測定値の、ISO68の標的粘度グレードの最終組成物を得た。
Claims (6)
- 熱伝達装置のための作動流体であって、
i)冷媒としてのCO2、及び
ii)式Iのエステルの混合物を含むポリオールエステル潤滑剤組成物
を含む上記作動流体:
I
ここでnは1〜20の整数であり、
Rは各々独立して4〜10個の炭素原子のアルキルカルボニルであり、
R1は各々独立して選ばれ、基Rか式IIの置換基のいずれかであり、
II
ここで、式Iの化合物の混合物中の全R基の70%〜100%は、5個の炭素原子のアルキルカルボニル基の異性体から選択され、作動流体中に存在する式Iの化合物の全R基の少なくとも50%はn−ペンタノイルであり、
該ポリオールエステル潤滑剤組成物ii)は、
a)20〜45重量%の式Iの化合物、ただしnは1、R1は各々独立に選択され、基Rであり、
b)15〜20重量%の式Iの化合物、ただしnは2、R1は各々独立に選択され、基Rであり、
c)10〜15重量%の式Iの化合物、ただしnは3、R1は各々独立に選択され、基Rであり、
d)30〜55重量%の式Iの化合物、ただし該化合物は4以上のペンタエリトリトールモノマー基のペンタエリトリトールオリゴマーである、
を含む。 - 式Iの化合物の混合物中、全R基の少なくとも70%がn−ペンタノイルである、請求項1記載の作動流体。
- 成分(i)及び(ii)に加えて、炭化水素冷媒、ハローカーボン冷媒、アンモニア、鉱油、ポリ−α−オレフィン、アルキルベンゼン、式Iの化合物以外のカルボン酸エステル、ポリエーテル、ポリビニルエーテル、ペルフルオロポリエーテル、リン酸エステル、又はその混合物を更に含む、請求項1記載の作動流体。
- 四フッ化炭素(R−14)、ジフルオロメタン(R−32)、1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタン(R−134A)、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエタン(R−134)、ペンタフルオロエタン(R−125)1,1,1−トリフルオロエタン(R−143A)、及びテトラフルオロプロペン(R−123YF)からなる群から選択されるハロカーボン冷媒を含む、請求項1記載の作動流体。
- 一つ以上の、抗酸化剤、超高圧添加剤、抗磨耗性添加剤、摩擦低減添加物、消泡剤、発泡促進剤、金属不活性化剤、酸スカベンジャー、又はその混合物を更に含む、請求項1記載の作動流体。
- Rは各々独立して5〜10個の炭素原子のアルキルカルボニルである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項記載の作動流体。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
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US34194010P | 2010-04-06 | 2010-04-06 | |
US61/341,940 | 2010-04-06 | ||
US13/080,739 US8852449B2 (en) | 2010-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Refrigeration oil and compositions with carbon dioxide refrigerant |
PCT/US2011/031363 WO2011127132A1 (en) | 2010-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Refrigeration oil and compositions with carbon dioxide refrigerant |
US13/080,739 | 2011-04-06 |
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JP2013523978A JP2013523978A (ja) | 2013-06-17 |
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AU (1) | AU2011237762B2 (ja) |
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CN102844417B (zh) | 2015-03-11 |
JP2013523978A (ja) | 2013-06-17 |
EP2556135A1 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
WO2011127132A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
RU2012146972A (ru) | 2014-05-20 |
AU2011237762B2 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
CN102844417A (zh) | 2012-12-26 |
US20110240910A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
EP2556135B1 (en) | 2020-12-09 |
AU2011237762A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
US8852449B2 (en) | 2014-10-07 |
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