JP5374722B2 - 耐摩耗性の鉛フリー合金ブッシングおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
耐摩耗性の鉛フリー合金ブッシングおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5374722B2 JP5374722B2 JP2010519182A JP2010519182A JP5374722B2 JP 5374722 B2 JP5374722 B2 JP 5374722B2 JP 2010519182 A JP2010519182 A JP 2010519182A JP 2010519182 A JP2010519182 A JP 2010519182A JP 5374722 B2 JP5374722 B2 JP 5374722B2
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- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
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Description
本出願は、2007年1月5日に出願された米国仮特許出願番号第60/883,636号および60/883,643号の利益を主張するものであり、その内容は参照により全体として本明細書に組み込まれる。
この発明は、一般に滑り型の軸受に関し、より特定的には、エンジン軸受等で用いられる鋼製の裏当てに焼結粉末金属青銅軸受材料が適用される軸受に関する。
発明の背景
エンジン軸受を含む滑り軸受の応用例では、クランク軸等を支持するため、鋼製の裏当てに粉末金属青銅合金を接合することが一般的である。銅スズ合金の基質は、使用中の軸受が受ける負荷に耐え得る強力な軸受面を提供する。このような軸受は、適切な耐摩耗性および耐焼付性の特性も呈示しなければならないため、青銅の基質に対し、一定量の鉛を合金成分に加えることが一般的である。鉛は、軸受面に対する潤滑剤として働く。また、軸受の摩耗および焼付に関する特性をさらに高めるために、軸受面にスズめっきを加えることも一般的である。
本発明は、ブッシングまたは軸受の耐摩耗性を向上することを提供する。ベース材料は、出願人の米国特許6,746,154号に詳細に述べられたリンが加えられた銅−スズ−ビスマス合金であり、銅、スズおよびリンの固溶体のため、優れた強度を有する。ビスマスの存在とそれに関連した軸受使用中に生じるスズの移動の結果、この材料は良好な潤滑性をも有する。しかしながら、場合によっては、まれな一連の状況の動作により、非常に速く過度の摩耗が生じることがある。これらの状況はブッシングの表面のマッチング、および、ピンあるいはジャーナル(軸頸)のマッチングに関連し、上述したスズの移動が発生するよりもブッシングの摩耗が速くなる。特にFe3P、MoSi2、あるいはその混合物などの比較的小さい硬質粒子の少ない量を加えることは、ピンやジャーナルを磨くという適した硬質面の影響を提供し、このように全体で摩耗を大きく低減し、特に上述した軸受面のマッチングに関連した早期の摩耗を大きく低減する。
数枚の図を通して同様の参照番号は同様または対応する部分を示す図面を参照して、この発明に従って構成された軸受が、エンジン軸受の形として図1の10において概略的に、および図2の10′において示され、10′は、ピストンのリストピンを支持するための連接ロッドの小さな端部開口部で用いられるもの等のピンブッシングを示す。簡潔にするために、以下の説明はエンジン軸受10を参照して行なわれるが、この説明がピンブッシング10′にも等しく当てはまることを理解されたい。
Claims (32)
- 鋼製の裏当てシェルに接合される、銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末および金属化合物粉末の焼結粉末成形体軸受材料を備え、
前記金属化合物粉末は10μm未満の平均粒径を有し、Fe3P粉末およびMoSi2粉末を含む、軸受。 - 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金は、8−15重量%のスズと、1−30重量%のビスマスと、銅および不可避的不純物を含む残部とからなる、請求項1に記載の軸受。
- 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金は、8−12重量%のスズと、1重量%以上5重量%未満のビスマスと、銅および不可避的不純物を含む残部とからなる、請求項2に記載の軸受。
- 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末の合金成分として、リンをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の軸受。
- 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末の合金成分として、リンをさらに備え、
前記リンは、前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末の0.03−0.8重量%含まれる、請求項2に記載の軸受。 - 前記リンは、前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末の0.03−0.08重量%含まれる、請求項5に記載の軸受。
- 前記MoSi2粉末は、前記成形体軸受材料の0.1−0.5重量%含まれる、請求項1に記載の軸受。
- 前記金属化合物粉末は、前記成形体軸受材料の0.1−10体積%含まれる、請求項1に記載の軸受。
- 前記金属化合物粉末は、前記成形体軸受材料の1−2体積%含まれる、請求項8に記載の軸受。
- 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末は、ガスアトマイズされた粉末と、水アトマイズされた粉末との混合物を備える、請求項1に記載の軸受。
- 鋼製の裏当てシェルに接合される、銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末、Fe3P粉末およびMoSi2粉末の焼結粉末成形体を備え、
前記Fe3P粉末およびMoSi2粉末の各々は、10μm未満の平均粒径を有する、軸受。 - 前記Fe3P粉末およびMoSi2粉末はともに前記成形体の0.1−10体積%含まれる、請求項11に記載の軸受。
- 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金は、8−15重量%のスズと、1−30重量%のビスマスと、銅および不可避的不純物を含む残部とからなる、請求項11に記載の軸受。
- 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金は、8−12重量%のスズと、1重量%以上5重量%未満のビスマスと、銅および不可避的不純物を含む残部とからなる、請求項13に記載の軸受。
- 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末の合金成分として、リンをさらに備える、請求項11に記載の軸受。
- 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末の合金成分として、リンをさらに備え、
前記リンは、前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末の0.03−0.8重量%含まれる、請求項13に記載の軸受。 - 前記リンは、前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末の0.03−0.08重量%含まれる、請求項16に記載の軸受。
- 前記MoSi2は、前記成形体の0.1−0.5重量%含まれる、請求項11に記載の軸受。
- 前記MoSi2粉末と、前記Fe3P粉末または前記リンの少なくとも一方との反応生成物として、モリブデンリン化合物をさらに備える、請求項15に記載の軸受。
- 鋼製の裏当てシェルに接合される、銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末および金属化合物粉末の焼結粉末成形体軸受材料を備え、前記金属化合物粉末は10μm未満の平均粒径を有し、Fe3P粉末およびMoSi2粉末を含む、軸受を製造する方法であって、
鋼製の裏当てシェルに、銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末と、10μm未満の平均粒径を有する金属化合物粉末との混合物を適用する工程と、
焼結粉末混合物を生成し、前記焼結粉末混合物を鋼製の裏当てシェルに接合するために前記粉末混合物および前記鋼製の裏当てシェルを加熱する工程と、
前記焼結粉末混合物の空隙率を低減し、十分に緻密な焼結成形体軸受材料を生成するために、前記焼結粉末混合物および鋼製の裏当てシェルを圧延する工程とを備える、方法。 - 空隙率に関連付けられる部位の前記軸受材料の内部への拡散を促進するために、十分に緻密な軸受を加熱する工程をさらに備える、請求項20に記載の方法。
- スズを多く含む表面層を生成するために前記軸受を十分に慣らし運転する工程をさらに備える、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末は、8−12重量%のスズと、1重量%以上5重量%未満のビスマスと、銅および不可避的不純物を含む残部とからなり、前記金属化合物粉末はFe3P粉末およびMoSi2粉末の少なくとも1つを含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 鋼製の裏当てシェルに接合される、銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末、Fe3P粉末およびMoSi2粉末の焼結粉末成形体を備え、前記Fe3P粉末およびMoSi2粉末の各々は、10μm未満の平均粒径を有する、軸受を製造する方法であって、
鋼製の裏当てシェルに、銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末、Fe3P粉末およびMoSi2粉末の粉末混合物を適用する工程と、
焼結粉末混合物を生成し、前記焼結粉末混合物を鋼製の裏当てシェルに接合するために前記粉末混合物および前記鋼製の裏当てシェルを加熱する工程と、
前記焼結粉末混合物の空隙率を低減し、十分に緻密な焼結成形体軸受材料を生成するために、前記焼結粉末混合物および鋼製の裏当てシェルを圧延する工程とを備える、方法。 - 空隙率に関連付けられる部位の前記軸受材料の内部への拡散を促進するために、十分に緻密な軸受を加熱する工程をさらに備える、請求項24に記載の方法。
- スズを多く含む表面層を生成するために前記軸受を十分に慣らし運転する工程をさらに備える、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記Fe3P粉末およびMoSi2粉末はともに前記成形体の0.1−10体積%含まれる、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金は、8−12重量%のスズと、1重量%以上5重量%未満のビスマスと、銅および不可避的不純物を含む残部とからなる、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末の合金成分として、リンをさらに備える、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記リンは、前記銅−スズ−ビスマス合金粉末の0.03−0.8重量%含まれる、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記MoSi2は、前記粉末混合物の0.1−0.5重量%含まれる、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記十分に緻密な焼結成形体軸受材料は、前記MoSi2粉末と、前記Fe3P粉末または前記リンの少なくとも一方との反応生成物として、モリブデンリン化合物を備える、請求項29に記載の方法。
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2007
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- 2007-08-01 RU RU2010105926/02A patent/RU2462330C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
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BRPI0721845B1 (pt) | 2016-07-12 |
WO2009017501A1 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
BRPI0721845A2 (pt) | 2015-09-01 |
KR20100065288A (ko) | 2010-06-16 |
KR101374493B1 (ko) | 2014-03-13 |
US8679641B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 |
US20080166578A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
CN101801567A (zh) | 2010-08-11 |
EP2185303B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
US9657777B2 (en) | 2017-05-23 |
RU2462330C2 (ru) | 2012-09-27 |
JP2010535287A (ja) | 2010-11-18 |
EP2185303B9 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
RU2010105926A (ru) | 2011-09-10 |
EP2185303A4 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
EP2185303A1 (en) | 2010-05-19 |
US20140272128A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
CN101801567B (zh) | 2013-07-24 |
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