JP5341510B2 - 窒化珪素膜の形成方法、半導体装置の製造方法およびプラズマcvd装置 - Google Patents
窒化珪素膜の形成方法、半導体装置の製造方法およびプラズマcvd装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5341510B2 JP5341510B2 JP2008517961A JP2008517961A JP5341510B2 JP 5341510 B2 JP5341510 B2 JP 5341510B2 JP 2008517961 A JP2008517961 A JP 2008517961A JP 2008517961 A JP2008517961 A JP 2008517961A JP 5341510 B2 JP5341510 B2 JP 5341510B2
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- silicon nitride
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- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 174
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH3] PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 192
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N monomethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNN HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004541 SiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020776 SixNy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VOSJXMPCFODQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1l3fa4 Chemical compound [SiH3]N([SiH3])[SiH3] VOSJXMPCFODQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrogen-containing compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
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Description
本発明の他の目的は、このような窒化珪素膜を用いた半導体装置の製造方法を提供することにある。
本発明のさらに他の目的は、このような窒化珪素膜を形成することができるプラズマCVD装置を提供することにある。
また、他の成膜原料ガスであるSi含有ガスとしては、例えばシラン(SiH4)、ジシラン(Si2H6)、トリシリルアミン[(SiH3)3N]などを用いることができるが、特にジシラン(Si2H6)が好ましい。
プラズマの電子温度はプラズマにラングミュアプローブを挿入し、印加電圧を掃引することにより得られる図3に示す電圧−電流特性から求めることができる。具体的には、図3の指数関数領域の任意の位置において電流値I1をとり、その電流がe倍(約2.7倍)となる電圧の変化ΔVが電子温度(Te)となる。したがって、指数関数領域の傾きが同じであれば電子温度は同じである。
まず、図10は、窒化珪素膜のストレスの大きさとプラズマ処理装置1でのプラズマCVDにおける処理圧力との関係を示すグラフである。ここでは、ガス種と圧力の影響を調べるため載置台2に高周波電力を供給せずに成膜を行なっている。なお、図10の縦軸は窒化珪素膜のストレスの大きさを示しており、正(プラス)側は引張りストレス、負(マイナス)側は圧縮ストレスである(図11〜図15においても同様である)。
<プラズマCVD成膜条件>(NH3/Si2H6系)
NH3ガス流量;500mL/min(sccm)
Si2H6ガス流量;5mL/min(sccm)
処理圧力;2.7Pa(20mTorr)、6.7Pa(50mTorr)、40.0Pa(300mTorr)および133.3Pa(1Torr)
載置台2の温度;400℃
マイクロ波パワー;2000W
<プラズマCVD成膜条件>(N2/Si2H6系)
N2ガス流量;1100mL/min(sccm)
Si2H6ガス流量;1mL/min(sccm)
Arガス流量;100mL/min(sccm)
処理圧力;4.0Pa(30mTorr)、6.7Pa(50mTorr)、13.3Pa(100mTorr)および66.6Pa(500mTorr)
載置台2の温度;500℃
マイクロ波パワー;3000W
<プラズマCVD成膜条件1>(NH3/Si2H6系)
NH3ガス流量;400mL/min(sccm)
Si2H6ガス流量;5mL/min(sccm)
Arガス流量;200mL/min(sccm)
処理圧力;133.3Pa(1000mTorr)
載置台2の温度;500℃
マイクロ波パワー;1000W
RF周波数;400kHz
RFパワー;0W(供給せず)、10W(パワー密度:0.032W/cm2)、20W(パワー密度:0.064W/cm2)、30W(パワー密度:0.095W/cm2)、50W(パワー密度:0.159W/cm2)、70W(パワー密度:0.223W/cm2)、100W(パワー密度:0.318W/cm2)、200W(パワー密度:0.637W/cm2)
N2ガス流量(ガス導入部15a);1100mL/min(sccm)
Si2H6ガス流量;5mL/min(sccm)
N2ガス流量(ガス導入部15b);100mL/min(sccm)
処理圧力;2.7Pa(20mTorr)
載置台2の温度;500℃
マイクロ波パワー;2000W
RF周波数;400kHz
RFパワー;0W(供給せず)、10W(パワー密度:0.032W/cm2)、20W(パワー密度:0.064W/cm2)、30W(パワー密度:0.095W/cm2)、50W(パワー密度:0.159W/cm2)、70W(パワー密度:0.223W/cm2)、100W(パワー密度:0.318W/cm2)、200W(パワー密度:0.637W/cm2)
<プラズマCVD条件>
(1)N2/Si2H6系
N2ガス流量(ガス導入部15a);1100mL/min(sccm)
Si2H6ガス流量;3mL/min(sccm)
N2ガス流量(ガス導入部15b);100mL/min(sccm)
処理圧力;2.67Pa(20mTorr)、13.3Pa(100mTorr)および66.6Pa(500mTorr)
載置台2の温度;500℃
マイクロ波パワー;3000W
RF周波数;13.56Hz
RFパワー;0W(供給せず)、10W(パワー密度:0.032W/cm2)、20W(パワー密度:0.064W/cm2)、30W(パワー密度:0.095W/cm2)、50W(パワー密度:0.159W/cm2)
NH3ガス流量;400mL/min(sccm)
Si2H6ガス流量;3または5mL/min(sccm)
Arガス流量;200mL/min(sccm)
処理圧力;2.67Pa(20mTorr)、13.3Pa(100mTorr)および66.6Pa(500mTorr)
載置台2の温度;400℃
マイクロ波パワー;3000W
RF周波数;400Hz
RFパワー;0W(供給せず)、10W(パワー密度:0.032W/cm2)、20W(パワー密度:0.064W/cm2)、30W(パワー密度:0.095W/cm2)、50W(パワー密度:0.159W/cm2)
(1)耐熱性評価:
プラズマ処理装置100を用い、引張りストレスおよび圧縮ストレスを持つ窒化珪素膜を成膜した後、アニールを実施し、熱処理が窒化珪素膜のストレスに与える影響について調べた。成膜条件およびアニール条件は、以下のとおりである。
<プラズマCVD条件(NH3/Si2H6系)>
NH3ガス流量;400mL/min(sccm)
Si2H6ガス流量;5mL/min(sccm)
処理圧力;133.3Pa(1000mTorr)
載置台2の温度;500℃
マイクロ波パワー;1kW
<プラズマCVD条件(N2/Si2H6系)>
N2ガス流量(ガス導入部15a);1100mL/min(sccm)
Si2H6ガス流量;5mL/min(sccm)
N2ガス流量(ガス導入部15b);100mL/min(sccm)
処理圧力;2.7Pa(20mTorr)
載置台2の温度;500℃
マイクロ波パワー;1kW
<アニール条件>
処理温度;800℃
処理圧力;101308Pa
処理時間;10分、20分または30分
例えば、上記実施形態では、引張りストレスまたは圧縮ストレスを有する窒化珪素膜を、トランジスタの被覆膜(ライナー)へ適用して駆動特性を向上させる例を挙げたが、これに限らず、本発明はストレスを利用してデバイス特性を改善できる種々の半導体装置の製造においても適用可能である。
Claims (10)
- プラズマCVD方法による窒化珪素膜の形成方法であって、
チャンバー内に被処理基板を搬入し、載置台に載置することと、
前記載置台にパワー密度が0.0032〜0.637W/cm2で、周波数が400kHz〜27MHzの高周波電力を供給して前記被処理基板に高周波バイアスを印加することと、
前記チャンバー内に窒素含有ガスとシリコン含有ガスを導入することと、
前記チャンバー内の処理圧力を0.1Pa以上53Pa以下とすることと、
前記チャンバー内に複数のスロットを有する平面アンテナを介してマイクロ波を導入して、前記窒素含有ガスと前記シリコン含有ガスのプラズマを生成することと、
前記被処理基板に前記プラズマにより1000MPa以上の圧縮ストレスを持つ窒化珪素膜をプラズマCVD成膜することと
を含むことを特徴とする、窒化珪素膜の形成方法。 - 前記高周波電力のパワー密度を0.0032〜0.318W/cm2として前記窒化珪素膜を堆積させることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の窒化珪素膜の形成方法。
- 0.1Pa以上40Pa以下の処理圧力で前記窒化珪素膜を堆積させ、2000MPa以上の圧縮ストレスを持つ窒化珪素膜を形成することを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の窒化珪素膜の形成方法。
- 5Pa以上25Pa以下の処理圧力で、かつ前記高周波電力のパワー密度を0.016〜0.127W/cm2として前記窒化珪素膜を堆積させ、3000MPa以上の圧縮ストレスを持つ窒化珪素膜を形成することを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の窒化珪素膜の形成方法。
- 7Pa以上16Pa以下の処理圧力で、かつ前記高周波電力のパワー密度を0.032〜0.095W/cm2として前記窒化珪素膜を堆積させ、3500MPa以上の圧縮ストレスを持つ窒化珪素膜を形成することを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の窒化珪素膜の形成方法。
- 前記窒素含有ガスとしてアンモニアガスを用い、前記シリコン含有ガスとしてジシラン(Si2H6)を用いることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の窒化珪素膜の形成方法。
- 前記窒素含有ガスとして窒素ガスを用い、前記シリコン含有ガスとしてジシラン(Si2H6)を用いることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の窒化珪素膜の形成方法。
- 前記窒化珪素膜を堆積させる際の処理温度が、300℃〜800℃であることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の窒化珪素膜の形成方法。
- 主面に絶縁膜を介してゲート電極が形成され、前記ゲート電極の両側の主面領域にソースおよびドレインが形成された半導体基板を準備することと、
チャンバー内に前記半導体基板を搬入して載置台に載置することと、
前記載置台にパワー密度が0.0032〜0.637W/cm2で、周波数が400kHz〜27MHzの高周波電力を供給して前記半導体基板に高周波バイアスを印加することと、
前記チャンバー内に窒素含有ガスとシリコン含有ガスを導入することと、
前記チャンバー内の処理圧力を0.1Pa以上53Pa以下とすることと、
前記チャンバー内に複数のスロットを有する平面アンテナを介してマイクロ波を導入して、前記窒素含有ガスと前記シリコン含有ガスのプラズマを生成することと、
前記半導体基板に前記プラズマにより1000MPa以上の圧縮ストレスを持つ窒化珪素膜をプラズマCVD成膜することと
を含むことを特徴とする、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 被処理基板を搬入するチャンバーと、
前記チャンバー内で被処理基板を載置する載置台と、
前記チャンバー内に窒素含有ガスとシリコン含有ガスを導入するガス導入部と、
複数のスロットを有する平面アンテナにて前記チャンバー内にマイクロ波を導入して、前記チャンバー内で前記窒素含有ガスと前記シリコン含有ガスのプラズマを生成するプラズマ生成機構と、
前記載置台に高周波電力を供給して前記被処理基板に高周波バイアスを印加する高周波電源と、
前記チャンバー内を排気する排気装置に接続される排気管と、
前記排気装置により前記排気管を介して前記チャンバー内を排気し、前記ガス導入部から前記チャンバー内に前記窒素含有ガスと前記シリコン含有ガスを導入して、前記チャンバー内の処理圧力を0.1Pa以上53Pa以下とし、かつ前記高周波電源からパワー密度が0.0032〜0.637W/cm2で、周波数が400kHz〜27MHzの高周波電力を前記載置台に印加しつつ、前記プラズマ生成機構により前記チャンバー内にマイクロ波を導入して前記窒素含有ガスと前記シリコン含有ガスのプラズマを生成することにより、前記チャンバー内でプラズマCVDにより前記被処理基板上に1000MPa以上の圧縮ストレスを持つ窒化珪素膜を成膜するように制御する制御部と
を具備することを特徴とするプラズマCVD装置。
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