JP5331010B2 - バチルス・ベレツェンシス種の菌株ah2の純粋培養物と、植物病原菌を生物学的に制御する生物学的制御用生物 - Google Patents
バチルス・ベレツェンシス種の菌株ah2の純粋培養物と、植物病原菌を生物学的に制御する生物学的制御用生物 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
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- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
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Description
商業的関心を有する生物学的制御剤(agents for biological control)の研究においては、一連のファクタを考慮に入れて研究することにより成功することがある。単独接種あるいは混合接種(mixed inocula)で用いられる生物、特定の生物学上の活性度、病原体に対する行動メカニズムと、使用される生成システムとその安定性が、考慮すべきファクタの一例である(Warrior, 2000)。
(a)適宜の培養媒体内で、水中での発酵作用により、バチルス属ベレゼンシス種(Bacillus velezensis)の菌株AH2を生長させ胞子形成させるステップ。
このステップにおいて、細胞の数は、1ミリリットル当たり109のコロニー形成単位(CFU.mL-1)のオーダに、達した。
(b)他の成分(components)を、細胞を有する発酵した培養液に添加することにより調製物を準備するステップ。
バチルス属ベレゼンシス種(Bacillus velezensis)の菌株AH2の保存した分離株のアンプル(ampoule)を取り出し、PDA媒体プレート上に接種し、30℃で72時間培養し、活性化した。接種材料(inoculum)をこのプレートから準備して、発酵槽(fermenter)に入れた。白金耳(loop)で取り出した培養の一部を、1000ミリリットルの三角フラスコ(Erlenmeyer flask)内で、100ミリリットルのポテト・デキストロース培養液(Potato Dextrose(PD)Broth)媒体で接種し、攪拌しながら30℃で16時間培養した。その三角フラスコの内容物を3リットルのブラウン・バイオテック社製のビオスタット装置(登録商標:Braun Biotech, BIOSTA) のB発酵槽内で、PD媒体と共に接種した後、2リットルの最終容積を得た。この発酵(fermentation)は、600r.p.m.の攪拌速度で、1v.v.m.(2L.min-1)の曝気(エアレーション)と、30℃の温度で24時間、行った。そのpHは、自由に変わり、その終了時にはその値は5.5以下であった。最終濃度は2×109cells.mL-1で、約80%の胞子形成(sporulation)が達成された。指数増殖期(exponential phase)の特定の生長率は、0.40h−1であった。生長の様々なフェーズが、培養の最初の14時間で展開され、その後、胞子形成プロセス(sporulation process)が、24時間以内に発生した。
この分析は、ペトリ皿(Petri dishes)上で行った。病原体を、PDAプレート上で、25℃の温度で、48‐72時間培養した。直径約1cmの片を取り出し、この片をPDA媒体を有するプレートの中心に置いた。このプレートを、その端部に、バチルス属ベレゼンシス種(Bacillus velezensis)の菌株AH2を白金耳で接種した。その後、それを28℃で、48‐72時間、抑制(inhibition)が観測されるまで、培養した。ボトリオスファエリア 種(Botryosphaeria sp.)での分析の場合には、それを更に攪拌したPD媒体中で培養し、それを遠心分離して、上澄み液が、同一プレート内で1cm2のウェル(wells)内に添加され、無細胞の発酵液の抗真菌の機能を決定した。
植物の生長を促進する機能を実証するために、実験用の温室状態で植木鉢のキュウリで実験を行った。Probelte S.A.社(出願人)のBiopron PMC3製品を正の制御(possitive control)として用いた。この正の制御は様々な作物の植物生長を促進する確認された作用を与える。
この分析結果を図2に示す。
分析の基準:AFSマザロン・トマト2006(AFS Mazarron Tomato 2006)
製品の商品名:AFS
作物:アマデオ・トマト(リコペルシコン・エスカレンタム・ミル(Amadeo Tomato; Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)
条件: 温室生産、局所散水
栽植様式:1m×0.6m
栽植密度:1ヘクタール(ha)当たり約16600本
土壌の種類:ローム性砂(Loamy sand)
活性成分:バチルス属ベレゼンシス種(Bacillus velezensis)の菌株AH2、108CFU/mL
製品の総称的用法:殺菌剤(Fungicide)
調製の種類:可溶化液(Soluble liquid)
適用モード:葉部散布(Leaf spraying)
分析の対象病原体:ボトリチス・シネレア(Botrytis Cinerea)
基準製品:カーベル(Karbel)(R.O.P.M.F.(Official Registry of Plant Proteciton Products and Materila ;No.23506/14(25%;カルベンダジム25%+ジェトフェンカルブ25%(1g/LProbelte S.A.社)
テーマ 名前 ドーズ量 活性成分
No.1 コントロール
No.2 AFS 15(mL/L.) Bacillus velezensis 108CFU/mL
No.3 TRL 5(mL/L.) Trichoderma Harzianum+T. viride 108CFU/mL
No.4 AFS 5(L/ha) カーベル(Karbel)
No.5 KARBEL 1(g/L) 25% Carbendezime + 25% Diethofencarb
4回繰り返す完全な乱塊法(randomized block)による分析を行った。要素プロット(element plot)のサイズは、各処理に対し全面積の15m2と60m2であった。
初回の評価V1(2回の処理の後の1週間(7日)後)
塊 A B C D 平均 総計
テーマ 害虫の蔓延(感染)
コントロール 0.063 0.145 0.083 0.145 0.108 0.433
AFS(15mL/L) 0 0.020 0 0.020 0.01 0.04
TRL(5mL/L) 0 0.020 0.041 0 0.015 0.061
AFS(5L/ha) 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.021 0.035 0.143
KARBEL(1g/L) 0 0.041 0 0.041 0.020 0.082
テーマ 平均 有効性(%)
コントロール 0.108
AFS(15mL/L) 0.01 90.82
TRL(5mL/L) 0.015 85.99
AFS(5L/ha) 0.035 67.16
KARBEL(1g/L) 0.020 81.17
テーマ 有意差
コントロール b
AFS(15mL/L) to
TRL(5mL/L) to
AFS(5L/ha) b
KARBEL(1g/L) to
ブロック A B C D 平均 総計
テーマ 害虫の蔓延(感染)
コントロール 0.166 0.104 0.250 0.250 0.192 0.77
AFS(15mL/L) 0 0.062 0.041 0.041 0.036 0.144
TRL(5mL/L) 0 0.020 0.083 0.062 0.041 0.165
AFS(5L/ha) 0.020 0.083 0.041 0.104 0.062 0.248
KARBEL(1g/L) 0.020 0.083 0.041 0.062 0.051 0.206
テーマ 平均 有効性(%)
コントロール 0.192
AFS(15mL/L) 0.036 81.30
TRL(5mL/L) 0.041 78.57
AFS(5L/ha) 0.062 67.79
KARBEL(1g/L) 0.051 73.25
テーマ 有意差
コントロール b
AFS(15mL/L) a
TRL(5mL/L) a
AFS(5L/ha) a
KARBEL(1g/L) a
Mazarron(Murcia地方)で行われた分析においては、ボトリチス・シネレア(Botrytis Cinerea)を制御する葉部散布(Leaf spraying)において、その挙動を将来に渡って観測すると、AFSは、如何なる処理も受けないコントロールに対し良好な活性度を有する。
評価V1においては、90%代の有効性が15mL/Lのドーズ量に対し得られた。
評価V2においては、有効性は70%以上と高く、特にAFSの場合には、80%以上であった。
作物内の病原体の発生率(incidence level)は、処理を行ったコントロール以下に維持された。
両方の評価において、測定したパラメータに基づいて分散分析(variance analysis)を行った結果、ダンカンの多重範囲検定が行われると、研究中の複数のドーズ量の間に99%の信頼性で差は存在しないが、未処理のコントロールに対しては、差が存在する。
毒性の兆候は、高いドーズ量の作物でも観測されない。
それ故に、15mL/Lのドーズ量のAFSは、トマト内のボトリチス・シネレアの生物学的制御に対し適した調製物である。
左上から:ボトリチス菌、フィチウム菌、リゾクトニア菌
右上から:フザリウム菌、疫病菌、ボトリオスフェリア菌
図2
バチルス種の菌株AH2とBiopron PMC3との比較
横軸:処理、コントロール、Biopron PMC3、AH2
凡例:PFV:葉の生重量
PFR:根の生重量
PFT:全生重量
Claims (10)
- バチルス属ベレゼンシス種のAH2と称する菌の純粋培養物において、
前記培養物は、特に植物病原菌に対し高い抗真菌活性を有し、拮抗物質を生成し、植物の生長を促進する作用を有し、
前記菌は、リン酸塩を溶融し、インドール-3-酢酸(indole-3-acetic)と親鉄剤(siderophores)とを生成し、唯一の窒素源として1-アミノシクロプロパン-1-カルボキシル酸(ACC: 1-aminocyclepropane-1-carboxylic acid )内で生育でき、
前記菌は、スペイン微生物株保護機関(CECT:Spanich Type Culture Collection)で、その委託番号がCECT‐7221として寄託されている
ことを特徴とするバチルス属ベレゼンシス種のAH2と称する菌の純粋培養物。 - バチルス属ベレゼンシス種のAH2(CECT‐7221)の生菌細胞を含む
ことを特徴とする植物病原菌を生物学的に制御し、かつ植物の生長を促す生成物。 - 前記生菌細胞は、胞子の形態である
ことを特徴とする請求項2記載の生成物。 - 前記生菌細胞は、浸漬した発酵プロセスにより得られ、
前記プロセスでは、前記胞子の濃度が109CFU/mL以上である
ことを特徴とする請求項2又は3記載の生成物。 - 全胞子濃度が、109CFU/mL以上である
ことを特徴とする請求項2又は3記載の生成物。 - 前記生菌細胞に加えて、有機物による培養液の上澄み液と、抗真菌活性を有する物質を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項2−5のいずれかに記載の生成物。 - 前記生成物は、大気温度で、6ヶ月以上の安定性を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項2記載の生成物。 - 前記安定性は、微生物増殖の抑制物質の使用により、確保される
ことを特徴とする請求項6記載の生成物。 - 前記微生物増殖の抑制物質は、保存剤として使用される有機酸から選択される
ことを特徴とする請求項6−8のいずれかに記載の生成物。 - 前記生成物は、葉部散布手段で散布した場合、高い活性度を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項2−9のいずれかに記載の生成物。
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ESP200700711 | 2007-03-19 | ||
ES200700711A ES2306600B1 (es) | 2007-03-19 | 2007-03-19 | Un cultivo puro de la cepa ah2 de la especie bacillus velezensis y producto para el control biologico de hongos fitopatogenos y estimulador del crecimiento vegetal. |
PCT/ES2008/000109 WO2008113873A1 (es) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-02-27 | Un cultivo puro de la cepa ah2 de la especie bacillus velezensis y producto para el control biológico de hongos fitopatógenos. |
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US (1) | US8404476B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2138044B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5331010B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101808525B (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0808780A8 (ja) |
CY (1) | CY1115741T1 (ja) |
ES (2) | ES2306600B1 (ja) |
HR (1) | HRP20141044T1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2009009998A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2138044T3 (ja) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR102161293B1 (ko) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-09-29 | 재단법인 발효미생물산업진흥원 | 옥신 및 사이드로포어를 생산하고, 식물병 원인균에 대한 항진균 활성, 인산가용화능 및 질소고정능을 가지는 바실러스 벨레젠시스 srcm103702 균주 및 이의 용도 |
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ES2306600A1 (es) | 2008-11-01 |
EP2138044B1 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
EP2138044A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
PL2138044T3 (pl) | 2015-04-30 |
CN101808525A (zh) | 2010-08-18 |
MX2009009998A (es) | 2010-01-20 |
BRPI0808780A2 (pt) | 2018-10-30 |
PT2138044E (pt) | 2014-11-04 |
CY1115741T1 (el) | 2017-01-25 |
ES2306600B1 (es) | 2009-06-17 |
BRPI0808780A8 (pt) | 2018-12-11 |
WO2008113873A1 (es) | 2008-09-25 |
ES2518923T3 (es) | 2014-11-05 |
US8404476B2 (en) | 2013-03-26 |
CN101808525B (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
JP2010521960A (ja) | 2010-07-01 |
HRP20141044T1 (hr) | 2015-01-16 |
US20100179060A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
EP2138044A4 (en) | 2011-08-03 |
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