JP5220850B2 - リチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液及びそれを含むリチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液及びそれを含むリチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5220850B2 JP5220850B2 JP2010511122A JP2010511122A JP5220850B2 JP 5220850 B2 JP5220850 B2 JP 5220850B2 JP 2010511122 A JP2010511122 A JP 2010511122A JP 2010511122 A JP2010511122 A JP 2010511122A JP 5220850 B2 JP5220850 B2 JP 5220850B2
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- lithium ion
- ion secondary
- carbonate
- secondary battery
- propionate
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 45
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- -1 carbonate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-pyrrole Natural products C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCC#N RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinonitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC#N IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1F MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyrrolidin-3-ylpyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCCN1C1CNCC1 HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMQDTYVODWKHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COP(=O)(OCC(F)(F)F)OCC(F)(F)F ZMQDTYVODWKHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AILKHAQXUAOOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCCC#N AILKHAQXUAOOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004205 trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 11
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- DRVMZMGCPWFDBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCC(F)(F)F DRVMZMGCPWFDBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910013733 LiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011281 LiCoPO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015644 LiMn 2 - z Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005677 organic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011835 quiches Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
エチルカーボネイト(ethyl carbonate、EC)100重量部に対し、エチルプロピオネート(ethyl propionate、EP)230重量部を混合した溶媒にLiPF6を添加して1M LiPF6溶液を製造した後、ビフェニル(biphenyl、BP)3.3重量部を混合して非水電解液を製造した。
カーボネイト化合物及び線状エステル化合物の量を下記表1に示したように変化させたことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法で非水電解液を製造した。
エチルカーボネイト(EC)100重量部に対し、エチルプロピオネート(EP)230重量部を混合した有機溶媒にLiPF6を添加して非水電解液として1M LiPF6溶液を製造した。
線状エステル化合物としてメチルプロピオネート(methyl propionate、MP)を使ったことを除いては、比較例1と同様の方法で非水電解液を製造した。
線状エステル化合物の代わりにジエチルカーボネイト(diethyl carbonate、DEC)を使ったことを除いては、比較例1と同様の方法で非水電解液を製造した。
エチルカーボネイト100重量部、ジエチルカーボネイト117重量部、及びエチルプロピオネート117重量部を混合した有機溶媒を使ったことを除いては、比較例1と同様の方法で非水電解液を製造した。
エチルカーボネイト100重量部、ジエチルカーボネイト230重量部、及びγ‐ブチロラクトンを混合した有機溶媒を使ったことを除いては、比較例1と同様の方法で非水電解液を製造した。
製造された電池を常温で初期充放電した後、充放電を0.2Cで3回実施し、5番目の放電容量を表1に示した。次いで、常温において0.2Cで充電し、−20℃、0.2Cで放電した容量の常温0.2Cの放電容量に対する比率を表1にまとめて示した。
製造された電池を常温で初期充放電した後、充放電を0.2Cで3回実施し、最終回の充電状態で終了した。充電状態の電池を常温から90℃まで1時間にかけて昇温、4時間保持、そして常温まで1時間にかけて降温しながら厚さの変化を測定した。測定結果を表1に示した。
Claims (7)
- リチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液であって、
リチウム塩と、及び有機溶媒を含んでなり、
前記有機溶媒が、カーボネイト化合物、プロピオネート系エステル化合物、及びプロピオネート系エステル分解抑制剤を含んでなり、
前記プロピオネート系エステル化合物が下記化学式1で示されるものであり、
R1はCH3CH2基であり、
R2は炭素数1〜5の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル基であり、
前記R1及びR2は相互独立的で少なくとも一種のハロゲンにより置換されるか又は置換されることのないものである。)
前記有機溶媒が、前記カーボネイト化合物100重量部に対して、
前記プロピオネート系エステル化合物100〜250重量部と、
前記プロピオネート系エステル分解抑制剤0.1〜20重量部を含んでなり、
前記プロピオネート系エステル分解抑制剤が、ピロール、チオフェン、アニリン、ビフェニル、シクロヘキシルベンゼン、フルオロトルエン、トリス(トリフルオロエチル)フォスフェイト、γ‐バレロラクトン、ブチロニトリル、ヘキサンニトリル、コハク酸ニトリル、アジポニトリル、バレロニトリル、シロキサン、シラン、及びこれらのハロゲン化化合物からなる群より選択されてなる何れかの一種又はこれらの二種以上の混合物である、リチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液。 - 前記プロピオネート系エステル化合物が、メチルプロピオネート、エチルプロピオネート、プロピルプロピオネート、及びブチルプロピオネートからなる群より選択されてなる、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液。
- 前記リチウム塩が、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiSbF6、LiAsF6、LiClO4、LiN(C2F5SO2)2、LiN(CF3SO2)2、CF3SO3Li、及びLiC(CF3SO2)3からなる群より選択される何れかの一種又はこれらの二種以上の混合物である、請求項1又は2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液。
- 前記カーボネイト化合物が、エチレンカーボネイト、3‐フルオロエチレンカーボネイト、プロピレンカーボネイト、ジメチルカーボネイト、ジエチルカーボネイト、メチルプロピルカーボネイト、エチルプロピルカーボネイト、メチルエチルカーボネイト、及びブチレンカーボネイトからなる群より選択される何れかの一種又はこれらの二種以上の混合物である、請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液。
- リチウムイオン二次電池であって、
正極と、負極と、及び前記正極及び前記負極との間に介在されたセパレーターとを備えた電極構造体と、前記電極構造体に注入される非水電解液とを備えてなり、
前記非水電解液が、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液である、リチウムイオン二次電池。 - リチウム塩と及び有機溶媒を含んでなるリチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液であって、
前記有機溶媒が、カーボネイト化合物、プロピオネートエステル化合物、及びプロピオネートエステル分解抑制剤を含んでなり、
前記プロピオネートエステル化合物が、エチルプロピオネートまたはメチルプロピオネートであり、
前記プロピオネートエステル分解抑制剤が、ビフェニル、シクロヘキシルベンゼン、トリス(トリフルオロエチル)フォスフェイト、コハク酸ニトリル、バレロニトリル、シロキサン、及びシランからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種ある、リチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液。 - リチウム塩と、及び有機溶媒を含んでなるリチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液であって、
前記有機溶媒が、カーボネイト化合物、プロピオネートエステル化合物、及びプロピオネートエステル分解抑制剤を含んでなり、
前記プロピオネートエステル化合物が、エチルプロピオネートであり、
前記プロピオネートエステル分解抑制剤が、ビフェニル、シクロヘキシルベンゼン、トリス(トリフルオロエチル)フォスフェイト、コハク酸ニトリル、バレロニトリル、シロキサン、及びシランからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種である、リチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液。
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