JP5202607B2 - リチウム電池用電解液及びこれを含むリチウム電池 - Google Patents
リチウム電池用電解液及びこれを含むリチウム電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5202607B2 JP5202607B2 JP2010256515A JP2010256515A JP5202607B2 JP 5202607 B2 JP5202607 B2 JP 5202607B2 JP 2010256515 A JP2010256515 A JP 2010256515A JP 2010256515 A JP2010256515 A JP 2010256515A JP 5202607 B2 JP5202607 B2 JP 5202607B2
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- carbonate
- electrolyte solution
- lithium battery
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 78
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 75
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 title claims description 46
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000739 C2-C30 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000923 (C1-C30) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinonitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC#N IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical group COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- CJBYUPBUSUVUFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;carbonic acid Chemical class C=CC=C.OC(O)=O CJBYUPBUSUVUFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- -1 prophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 24
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- GVOISEJVFFIGQE-YCZSINBZSA-N n-[(1r,2s,5r)-5-[methyl(propan-2-yl)amino]-2-[(3s)-2-oxo-3-[[6-(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-4-yl]amino]pyrrolidin-1-yl]cyclohexyl]acetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H]1C[C@H](N(C)C(C)C)CC[C@@H]1N1C(=O)[C@@H](NC=2C3=CC(=CC=C3N=CN=2)C(F)(F)F)CC1 GVOISEJVFFIGQE-YCZSINBZSA-N 0.000 description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YLEIFZAVNWDOBM-ZTNXSLBXSA-N ac1l9hc7 Chemical compound C([C@H]12)C[C@@H](C([C@@H](O)CC3)(C)C)[C@@]43C[C@@]14CC[C@@]1(C)[C@@]2(C)C[C@@H]2O[C@]3(O)[C@H](O)C(C)(C)O[C@@H]3[C@@H](C)[C@H]12 YLEIFZAVNWDOBM-ZTNXSLBXSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- SRVFFFJZQVENJC-IHRRRGAJSA-N aloxistatin Chemical compound CCOC(=O)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCCC(C)C SRVFFFJZQVENJC-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004369 butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 4
- 125000006038 hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000004365 octenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 4
- 125000002255 pentenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCC)* 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000006755 (C2-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LQERIDTXQFOHKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LQERIDTXQFOHKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006649 (C2-C20) alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006374 C2-C10 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003358 C2-C20 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005915 C6-C14 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxacycloundecan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCO1 GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical class O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0034—Fluorinated solvents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
天然黒鉛、スチレン−ブタジエンラバー(SBR)及びカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)を97.5:1:1.5の重量比で、N−メチルピロリドン溶媒で混合し、負極スラリを製造した。上記負極スラリを14μm厚に、銅箔上にコーティングして薄い極板状にした後、135℃で3時間以上乾燥させた後、圧延して負極を製造した。
上記EC:FEC:EMC:化合物1a:化合物2aの体積比を、20:5:45:20:10に調節したは点を除いては、上記実施例1と同じ方法でリチウム電池を製造した。
上記EC:FEC:EMC:化合物1a:化合物2aの体積比を、20:5:45:25:5に調節したは点を除いては、上記実施例1と同じ方法でリチウム電池を製造した。
第2化合物として、化合物2aの代わりに、R1,R2,R4及びR5は−Fであり、R3及びR6は−OCH2CH3である化学式2で表示される化合物2bを使用し、EC:FEC:EMC:化合物1a:化合物2bの体積比を、20:5:50:20:5に調節したは点を除いては、上記実施例1と同じ方法でリチウム電池を製造した。
上記EC:FEC:EMC:化合物1a:化合物2bの体積比を、20:5:45:20:10に調節したは点を除いては、上記実施例4と同じ方法でリチウム電池を製造した。
上記EC:FEC:EMC:化合物1a:化合物2bの体積比を、20:5:45:25:5に調節したは点を除いては、上記実施例4と同じ方法でリチウム電池を製造した。
化合物2aを添加せず、EC:FEC:EMC:化合物1aの体積比を、20:5:55:20に調節したは点を除いては、上記実施例1と同じ方法でリチウム電池を製造した。
化合物1aを添加せず、EC:FEC:EMC:化合物2aの体積比を、20:5:55:20に調節したは点を除いては、上記実施例1と同じ方法でリチウム電池を製造した。
化合物1aを添加せず、EC:FEC:EMC:化合物2bの体積比を、20:5:55:20に調節したは点を除いては、上記実施例4と同じ方法でリチウム電池を製造した。
上記実施例1ないし6及び比較例1ないし3のリチウム電池に対して、常温で0.2C充放電速度で、4.2V CC(定電流)/CV(定電圧)、20mAカットオフで充電した後、520mA充放電速度で、2.75Vカットオフで放電する充放電過程を1回行い、化成工程を遂行した。
化合物1a、化合物2a及び化合物2bに対して、それぞれ下記の条件で、ガス・クロマトグラフィ/マス・スペクトログラフィ(GC/MS)分析を行った。図2(化合物1a)、図3(化合物2a)及び図4(化合物2b)から分かるように、当該化合物のピーク位置を確認した。
−注入温度:250℃
−注入スプリット比:1/50
−カラム:HP−5MS
−カラムフロー:1ml/min
−MSソース:Quadropole
−MS範囲:30−600
23 正極
24 セパレータ
25 電池容器
26 封入部材
30 リチウム電池
Claims (11)
- 非水有機溶媒、リチウム塩、下記化学式1で表示される第1化合物、及び下記化学式2で表示される第2化合物を含み、
前記第2化合物の含有量が、前記非水有機溶媒、前記第1化合物及び前記第2化合物の総重量である100体積部当たり、5体積部ないし10体積部である、リチウム電池用電解液:
Q1−O−Q2・・・(化学式1)
Q1は、一つ以上の−Fで置換されたC2−C30アルキル基からなる群から選択され、
Q2は、C1−C30アルキル基;C2−C30アルケニル基;C2−C30アルキニル基;及び一つ以上の−Fで置換されたC1−C30アルキル基、C2−C30アルケニル基及びC2−C30アルキニル基からなる群から選択され、
R1ないしR6は互いに独立して、−Fまたは−OT1からなる群から選択され、前記T1は、C1−C30アルキル基;C2−C30アルケニル基;C2−C30アルキニル基;C6−C12シクロアルキル基;C5−C30アリール基;及び−F、ヒドロキシル基及びカルボン酸基からなる群から選択される一つ以上の置換基で置換されたC1−C30アルキル基、C2−C30アルケニル基、C2−C30アルキニル基、C6−C12シクロアルキル基、及びC5−C30アリール基からなる群から選択され、前記R1ないしR6がいずれも−Fである場合と、前記R1ないしR6がいずれも−OT1である場合とは除外され、
前記第1化合物において、フッ素原子数/水素原子数は1以上である。 - 前記第1化合物においてQ1及びQ2が互いに独立して、一つ以上の−Fで置換されたメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基及びオクチル基からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池用電解液。
- 前記第1化合物においてQ1及びQ2が互いに独立して、−CF2−CF2H、−CH2−CF2−CF2H、−CF2−CF3、−CH2−CF2−CF3、−CF2−CFH2及び−CH2−CF2−CFH2からなる群から選択される、請求項1または2に記載のリチウム電池用電解液。
- 前記第1化合物において、フッ素原子数/水素原子数が1ないし10である、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム電池用電解液。
- 前記第2化合物において、R1ないしR5は−Fであり、R6は−OT1であるか;またはR1,R2,R4及びR5は−Fであり、R3及びR6は−OT1である、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム電池用電解液。
- 前記第2化合物において、T1が、メチル基;エチル基;プロピル基;ブチル基;ペンチル基;ヘキシル基;ヘプチル基;オクチル基;及び一つ以上の−Fで置換されたメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基及びオクチル基からなる群から選択される、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム電池用電解液。
- 前記第1化合物の含有量が、前記非水有機溶媒、前記第1化合物及び前記第2化合物の総体積である100体積部当たり、10体積部ないし30体積部である、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム電池用電解液。
- 前記非水有機溶媒が、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)、ジプロピルカーボネート(DPC)、メチルプロピルカーボネート(MPC)、エチルプロピルカーボネート(EPC)、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)、エチレンカーボネート(EC)、プロピレンカーボネート(PC)、及びブチレンカーボネート(BC)を含むカーボネート系物質、及び前記カーボネート系物質の水素のうち一つ以上が−Fで置換された誘導体からなる群から選択される一つ以上のカーボネート系溶媒を含む、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム電池用電解液。
- ビニレンカーボネート(VC);ハロゲン、シアノ基(CN)及びニトロ基(NO2)からなる群から選択された一つ以上の置換基を有するビニレンカーボネート誘導体;ビニルエチレンカーボネート(VEC);ハロゲン、シアノ基(CN)及びニトロ基(NO2)からなる群から選択される一つ以上の置換基を有するビニルエチレンカーボネート誘導体;スクシノニトリル(SN);無水コハク酸(SA);及びプロパンスルトン(PS)からなる群から選択される添加剤をさらに含む、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム電池用電解液。
- ガス・クロマトグラフィ/マス・スペクトログラフィ(GC/MS)分析の結果、前記第1化合物のピーク面積/前記第2化合物のピーク面積が、0.1ないし2である、請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム電池用電解液。
- 負極活物質を含む負極と、
正極活物質を含む正極と、
電解液と、を有し、
前記電解液が請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム電池用電解液である、リチウム電池。
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KR101212203B1 (ko) * | 2010-03-16 | 2012-12-13 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR101165535B1 (ko) * | 2010-10-06 | 2012-07-16 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
US9123973B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2015-09-01 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Electrolyte for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery comprising the same |
DE102011083165A1 (de) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-03-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Energiespeicher, Anordnung umfassend den Energiespeicher und Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Funktionszustands eines Energiespeichers |
WO2013047342A1 (ja) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-04-04 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 非水二次電池用電解液及び二次電池 |
US9406972B2 (en) | 2012-05-04 | 2016-08-02 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Flame retardant monosubstituted pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene electrolyte additive and electrolyte including the same and rechargeable lithium battery including the same |
JP5902047B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-20 | 2016-04-13 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 非水二次電池用電解液および非水電解液二次電池 |
KR20140065768A (ko) * | 2012-11-21 | 2014-05-30 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지 및 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 |
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CN104090060B (zh) * | 2014-07-28 | 2015-10-28 | 广州天赐高新材料股份有限公司 | 电解质锂盐中残留溶剂的检测方法 |
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