JP5192754B2 - 排ガス処理触媒、及び排ガス処理システム - Google Patents
排ガス処理触媒、及び排ガス処理システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP5192754B2 JP5192754B2 JP2007215818A JP2007215818A JP5192754B2 JP 5192754 B2 JP5192754 B2 JP 5192754B2 JP 2007215818 A JP2007215818 A JP 2007215818A JP 2007215818 A JP2007215818 A JP 2007215818A JP 5192754 B2 JP5192754 B2 JP 5192754B2
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 126
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 dried and fired Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAYGUHUYDMLJJV-UHFFFAOYSA-Z decaazanium;dioxido(dioxo)tungsten;hydron;trioxotungsten Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XAYGUHUYDMLJJV-UHFFFAOYSA-Z 0.000 description 2
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
このような事情に対して、特許第3436567号公報(特許文献1)の技術のように、未反応のアンモニアに対して酸化触媒層を設けた排ガス浄化触媒が知られている。
チタニア粒子を白金水溶液に含浸し、白金をチタニア粒子に担持し、乾燥させ、焼成させた粉末触媒1に水を加えて粉砕して触媒スラリー1を得て、
バナジウム(V)の酸化物、タングステン(W)の酸化物、及びモリブデン(Mo)の酸化物から選ばれた一種以上をチタニアに担持し、乾燥させ、焼成させた粉末触媒2に水を加えて粉砕して触媒スラリー2を得て、
上記触媒スラリー1と上記触媒スラリー2を混合して触媒スラリー3を得て、
バナジウム(V)の酸化物、タングステン(W)の酸化物、及びモリブデン(Mo)の酸化物から選ばれた一種以上、並びにチタニアを含む多孔性触媒基材を触媒スラリー3に浸漬して、乾燥させ、焼成して、上記多孔性触媒基材の表面に、白金が担持されたチタニアを含むコート層を形成したことを特徴とする。
また、本発明に係る排ガス処理触媒は、上記コート層の厚さを100〜300μmとすることが好適である。
本発明に係る排ガス処理触媒では、基材として、多孔性触媒基材を用いる。多孔性触媒基材は、好ましくは、多孔性ハニカム型触媒基材である。
具体的には、多孔性触媒基材は、バナジウム(V)の酸化物、タングステン(W)の酸化物、及びモリブデン(Mo)の酸化物から選ばれた一種以上、並びにチタニアを原料として成形する。
一般的には、原子比で、V/W/Ti=0.1〜0.6/3〜9/70〜80、又はV/Mo/Ti=0.1〜0.6/3〜9/70〜80となるように配合することが好適である。
本発明に係る排ガス処理触媒は、多孔性触媒基材が脱硝触媒としての機能を果たす。したがって、未反応のアンモニアを分解しつつ、その際生成する窒素酸化物(NOx)を分解するので、脱硝効率が低下することがない。
本発明に係る排ガス処理触媒では、上記のようにして調製した多孔性触媒基材に、コート層を形成する。このコート層は、白金が担持されたチタニアを含む。
このコート層は、白金が担持されたチタニア、すなわちアンモニア酸化触媒と、脱硝触媒とを含む単一の層として形成することができる。
コート層を設けるために、触媒スラリーを調製し、これを上記多孔性触媒基材に塗布し、焼成する方法を例示することができる。
脱硝酸反応
NO+NH3+1/4O2=N2+3/2H2O (1)
アンモニア酸化分解反応
NH3+3/4O2=1/2N2+3/2H2O (2)
NH3+5/4O2=NO+3/2H2O (3)
このような排ガス処理システムは、脱硝触媒に比べリークNH3を低減できる といった利点を備える。
上記基材の表面積1m2当たり100g(コート層厚さ約100μm)塗布し、得られたハニカム型排ガス処理触媒を二元機能触媒1とした。
TiO2―V2O5―WO3系脱硝触媒(TiO2:V2O5:WO3=80:0.6:9(質量比))を以下のように調製した。
メタチタン酸スラリー(TiO2含量30質量%)3600gにNH3含量25%のアンモニア水を加え、pHを6.5に調節した。これに、パラタングステン酸アンモンの粉末をWO3換算で9質量%となるよう加え、2時間湿式で混練後乾燥し、さらに550℃で5時間焼成し、酸化チタンと酸化タングステンからなる粉末を得た。この粉末にメタバナジン酸アンモンの水溶液をV2O5換算で0.6質量%となる様添加し、充分混合した後乾燥し450℃で4時間焼成して、酸化チタン[TiO2]―酸化バナジウム[V2O5]―酸化タングステン[WO3]からなる粉末(A)を得た。粉末(A)1000gにカルボキシメチルセルロース25g、ポリエチレンオキサイド12.5gをニーダーに入れ、適度の水を加えて30分混練し、50mm2に押出し成型し、乾燥後500℃で5時間焼成した。
実施例1にて、塩化白金水溶液(H2PtCl6)を塩化パラジウム水溶液に変更した以外は、同様の手法にて触媒を調製した。
性能試験の条件は、以下の通りである。
排ガス温度: 380℃
排ガス流速: 2.3Nm/秒
NOx濃度: 500ppm
Claims (5)
- アンモニアを還元剤として接触的に排ガス中の窒素酸化物を除去するとともに、未反応のアンモニアを分解除去する排ガス処理触媒において、
チタニア粒子を白金水溶液に含浸し、白金をチタニア粒子に担持し、乾燥させ、焼成させた粉末触媒1に水を加えて粉砕して触媒スラリー1を得て、
バナジウム(V)の酸化物、タングステン(W)の酸化物、及びモリブデン(Mo)の酸化物から選ばれた一種以上をチタニアに担持し、乾燥させ、焼成させた粉末触媒2に水を加えて粉砕して触媒スラリー2を得て、
上記触媒スラリー1と上記触媒スラリー2を混合して触媒スラリー3を得て、
バナジウム(V)の酸化物、タングステン(W)の酸化物、及びモリブデン(Mo)の酸化物から選ばれた一種以上、並びにチタニアを含む多孔性触媒基材を触媒スラリー3に浸漬して、乾燥させ、焼成して、上記多孔性触媒基材の表面に、白金が担持されたチタニアを含むコート層を形成したことを特徴とする排ガス処理触媒。 - アンモニアを還元剤として接触的に排ガス中の窒素酸化物を除去するとともに、未反応のアンモニアを分解除去する排ガス処理触媒において、白金が担持されたチタニアを含む触媒スラリーと、バナジウム(V)の酸化物、タングステン(W)の酸化物、及びモリブデン(Mo)の酸化物から選ばれた一種以上、並びにチタニアから調製した触媒スラリーとを配合して成る触媒スラリーを、バナジウム(V)の酸化物、タングステン(W)の酸化物、及びモリブデン(Mo)の酸化物から選ばれた一種以上、並びにチタニアを含む多孔性触媒基材の表面に適用して成ることを特徴とする請求項1の排ガス処理触媒。
- 上記コート層中で、チタニアと白金(Pt)の総計に対して白金が0.05〜0.1重量%の範囲で含まれることを特徴とする請求項1又は2のいずれかの排ガス処理触媒。
- 上記コート層の厚さが100〜300μmであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかの排ガス処理触媒。
- アンモニアを還元剤として接触的に排ガス中の窒素酸化物を除去するとともに、未反応のアンモニアを分解除去する排ガス処理システムにおいて、ガス流れ上流側に脱硝触媒を配置し、その後流に請求項1〜4のいずれかの排ガス処理触媒を配置したことを特徴とする排ガス処理システム。
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