JP5122944B2 - テトラフルオロフ゜ロヘ゜ンとヘ゜ンタフルオロフ゜ロヘ゜ンとの共沸性組成物 - Google Patents
テトラフルオロフ゜ロヘ゜ンとヘ゜ンタフルオロフ゜ロヘ゜ンとの共沸性組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5122944B2 JP5122944B2 JP2007508632A JP2007508632A JP5122944B2 JP 5122944 B2 JP5122944 B2 JP 5122944B2 JP 2007508632 A JP2007508632 A JP 2007508632A JP 2007508632 A JP2007508632 A JP 2007508632A JP 5122944 B2 JP5122944 B2 JP 5122944B2
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- CRDAMVZIKSXKFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Farnesol Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO CRDAMVZIKSXKFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
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Description
本発明は、1,1,1,2-テトラフルオロフ゜ロヘ゜ンと1,1,1,2,3-ヘ゜ンタフルオロフ゜ロヘ゜ンのZ異性体との共沸性組成物、および、その使用を提供する。
フルオロカーボンベースの流体は、冷媒、エアゾール噴射剤、発泡剤、熱伝達媒体、及びガス状誘電体を含む多くの適用において工業的に広範囲な用途を見出している。いくつかのこれらの流体の使用に伴って予想される環境問題(これらが有する比較的高い地球温暖化係数を含む)のために、オゾン破壊係数が低いかむしろゼロである流体(例えば、ハイドロフルオロカーボン(「HFC」)など)を使用することが好ましい。したがって、クロロフルオロカーボン(「CFC」)又はハイドロクロロフルオロカーボン(「HCFC」)を含有しない流体の使用が好ましい。さらに、単一成分流体、又は、沸騰及び蒸発によって分留しない共沸混合物の使用が好ましい。さらに、HFC流体の中には、比較的高い地球温暖化係数を有するものがあり、使用特性において所望する性能を維持しつつ、可能な限り低い地球温暖化係数を有するハイドロフルオロカーボン又は他のフッ素化された流体を使用することが好ましい。さらに、単一成分流体、又は、沸騰及び蒸発において実質的に分留されない共沸性混合物の使用が好ましい。しかしながら、共沸混合物の形成が容易に予想できないという事実のために、環境的に安全で分留されない新規混合物を見出すことは難しい。
本発明人は、CFC及びHCFCの代替物に対する長年のニーズを満足することに役立つ数種の組成物を開発した。ある態様によれば、本発明は、1,1,1,2-テトラフルオロフ゜ロヘ゜ン(「HFO-1234yf」)と(Z)-1,1,1,2,3-ヘ゜ンタフルオロフ゜ロヘ゜ン(「HFO-1225yeZ」)とを含んでなる共沸性組成物を提供する。
シ゛クロロシ゛フルオロメタン(CFC-12)などのCFC;
クロロシ゛フルオロメタン(HCFC-22)などのHCFC;
テトラフルオロエタン(HFC-134a)などのHFC;および
CFC-12と1,1-シ゛フルオロエタン(HFC-152a)との組合わせなどのHFCとCFCとの組合わせ(CFC-12:HFC-152aの73.8:26.2の質量比の組合わせはR-500として知られる)。
本明細書において使用する場合、「共沸性」との用語は、その広い意味であって、厳密に共沸である組成物と共沸混合物のように挙動する組成物との両方を含むことを意図している。基本法則によれば、流体の熱力学的状態は、圧力、温度、液体の組成、及び蒸気の組成によって定義される。共沸混合物とは、特定の圧力及び温度において液体組成と蒸気組成とが等しい2以上の成分からなる系である。実際上、これは、共沸混合物の成分が定沸点であり、相変化中に分離することができないことを意味する。
本発明の共沸性組成物は、潤滑剤、安定剤、金属不動態化剤、腐食防止剤、可燃性抑制剤等を始めとする各種の所望による添加剤のいずれかをさらに含むことができる。
式中:Rは、水素、ヒドロキシル、アルキル、フルオロアルキル、アリール、フルオロアリール、又は以下の式:
Arは、置換又は未置換のフェニレン或いはナフチレン部分である。ある種の好ましい式Iの芳香族エポキシドは、Arがフェニレン、或いはアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、アルキルアリール、ハロゲン、ハロゲン化アルキル、ハロゲン化アルケニル、ハロゲン化アルキニル、ハロゲン化アリール、ハロゲン化アリールアルキル、ヒドロキシル、異種原子部分、等を含む一つ又はそれより多い置換基で置換されたフェニレンを含む。Arが、未置換又は置換のフェニレンである式Iの適した化合物の例は、ブチルフェニルグリシジルエーテル;ペンチルフェニルグリシジルエーテル;ヘキシルフェニルグリシジルエーテル;ヘプチルフェニルグリシジルエーテル;オクチルフェニルグリシジルエーテル;ノニルフェニルグリシジルエーテル;デシルフェニルグリシジルエーテル;グリシジルメチルフェニルエーテル;1,4−ジグリシジルフェニルジエーテル;4−メトキシフェニルグリシジルエーテル;これらの誘導体;等を含む。
式中、Ralkは、置換又は未置換のアルキル又はアルケニル基である。式IIのある種の好ましいエポキシドは、Ralkが、約1〜約10個の炭素原子(より好ましくは約1〜約6個)の炭素原子を有するアルキル基であるアルキルエポキシド化合物を含んでなり、そしてここにおいてアルキルは、置換されていないか、或いはアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、アルキルアリール、ハロゲン、ハロゲン化アルキル、ハロゲン化アルケニル、ハロゲン化アルキニル、ハロゲン化アリール、ハロゲン化アリールアルキル、ヒドロキシル、異種原子部分、等を含む一つ又はそれより多い置換基でさらに置換されていることができる。式IIのこのような好ましいアルキルエポキシドの例は、n−ブチルグリシジルエーテル、イソブチルグリシジルエーテル、ヘキサンジオールグリシジルエーテル、等、並びにフッ素化及び過フッ素化されたアルキルエポキシド、等を含む。ある種のさらに好ましいアルキルエポキシドは、ヘキサンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、等を含んでなる。
本発明の組成物は、広い範囲の適用に用途を有する。例えば、本発明に含まれるものは、熱伝達への適用、フォーム及び発泡剤への適用、噴射剤への適用、噴射性組成物への適用、殺菌への適用、及びその他に関連する、本発明の共沸性組成物を含んでなる方法及び組成物である。
トリクロロフルオロメタン(CFC-11)
シ゛クロロシ゛フルオロメタン(CFC-12)
シ゛フルオロメタン(HFC-32)
ヘ゜ンタフルオロエタン(HFC-125)
1,1,2,2-テトラフルオロエタン(HFC-134)
1,1,1,2-テトラフルオロエタン(HFC-134a)
シ゛フルオロエタン(HFC-152a)
1,1,1,2,3,3,3-ヘフ゜タフルオロフ゜ロハ゜ン(HFC-227ea)
1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロフ゜ロハ゜ン(HFC-236fa)
1,1,1,3,3-ヘ゜ンタフルオロフ゜ロハ゜ン(HFC-245fa)
1,1,1,3,3-ヘ゜ンタフルオロフ゛タン(HFC-365mfc)
水
CO2。
本発明は、さらに以下の実施例において例示され、これは、例示を意図したものであり、いずれかの方法ででも制約するものではない。
頂部に凝縮器を持ち、石英温度計K96S4771を備えた、真空ジャケットされた管からなる沸点測定器を使用する。約17gのHFO-1234yfを沸点測定器に入れ、次いで、HFO-1225yeZを、少量の測定された増分にて加えた。HFO-1225yeZがHFO-1234yfに加えられたとき、温度降下が観察され、二成分の最小沸点共沸混合物が形成されたことを示した。約0より大きく約50重量パーセントまでのHFO-1225yeZにおいて、組成物の沸点は約3℃又はそれより少なく変化した。表1に示した二成分混合物を研究したところ、組成物の沸点は約3℃又はそれより少なく変化した。組成物は、この範囲において共沸特性及び/又は共沸性特性を示す。
Claims (14)
- 47.40から96.57重量パーセントまでのHFO-1234yfと
3.43から52.60重量パーセントまでのHFO-1225yeZと
からなる共沸混合物様組成物。 - 65から96.57重量パーセントまでのHFO-1234yfと
3.43から35重量パーセントまでのHFO-1225yeZと
からなる、請求項1に記載の共沸混合物様組成物。 - 93から96.57重量パーセントまでのHFO-1234yfと
3.43から7重量パーセントまでのHFO-1225yeZと
からなる、請求項1に記載の共沸混合物様組成物。 - 14.2psiaの圧力において、−26℃〜−30℃の沸点を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の共沸混合物様組成物。
- 14.2psiaの圧力において、−27℃〜−30℃の沸点を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の共沸混合物様組成物。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の組成物と、
潤滑剤、界面活性剤、燃焼抑制剤、分散剤、気泡安定剤、化粧品、研磨剤、医薬、洗浄剤、燃焼防止剤、着色剤、化学的殺菌剤、安定剤、ポリオール、およびこれらの2以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つのアジュバントとを含んでなる組成物。 - 前記アジュバントが、ジエンベースの化合物、フェノール化合物、芳香族エポキシド、アルキルエポキシド、アルケニルエポキシド、及び二つ又はそれより多いこれらの組合わせからなる群から選択される安定剤である、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 請求項6に記載の組成物を含んでなる熱伝達組成物であって、前記アジュバントが、鉱油、シリコーン油、ポリアルキルベンゼン(PAB)、ポリオールエステル(POE)、ポリアルキレングリコール(PAG)、ポリアルキレングリコールエステル(PAGエステル)、ポリビニルエーテル(PVE)、ポリ(α−オレフィン)(PAO)、及びこれらの組合わせからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの潤滑剤を含む、熱伝達組成物。
- 前記潤滑剤が、ポリオールエステル(POE)、ポリアルキレングリコール(PAG)、及びポリアルキレングリコールエステル(PAGエステル)からなる群より選択される、請求項8に記載の熱伝達組成物。
- 前記潤滑剤が、熱伝達組成物の5〜50重量パーセントの量で存在する、請求項8又は9に記載の熱伝達組成物。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の共沸混合物様組成物を含んでなる、熱伝達組成物。
- 請求項8〜11のいずれかに記載の熱伝達組成物を含んでなる冷却システム。
- 固定式空調システム及び移動式空調システムから選ばれる空調システムである請求項12に記載の冷却システム。
- 自動車用空調システム、住宅用空調システム、商業用空調システム、住宅用冷蔵庫システム、住宅用冷凍庫システム、商業用冷蔵庫システム、商業用冷凍庫システム、チラー空調システム、チラー冷蔵システム、ヒートポンプシステム、及び2以上のこれらの組合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項12に記載の冷却システム。
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US10/826,072 US7074751B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2004-04-16 | Azeotrope-like compositions of tetrafluoropropene and trifluoroiodomethane |
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US10/826,597 US7098176B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2004-04-16 | Azeotrope-like compositions of tetrafluoropropene and pentafluoropropene |
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