JP5107552B2 - 光拡散剤及び光拡散シート - Google Patents
光拡散剤及び光拡散シート Download PDFInfo
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- JP5107552B2 JP5107552B2 JP2006280654A JP2006280654A JP5107552B2 JP 5107552 B2 JP5107552 B2 JP 5107552B2 JP 2006280654 A JP2006280654 A JP 2006280654A JP 2006280654 A JP2006280654 A JP 2006280654A JP 5107552 B2 JP5107552 B2 JP 5107552B2
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- FZYCEURIEDTWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-en-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1.CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 FZYCEURIEDTWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
〔1〕カルボン酸型の陰イオン系界面活性剤を含む水性媒体中でビニル系単量体を重合することによって得られる体積平均粒子径が2〜50μmの樹脂粒子であり、該樹脂粒子に残留する硫黄分が、樹脂粒子100重量部に対し0.01重量部以下であることを特徴とする光拡散剤。
〔2〕カルボン酸型の陰イオン系界面活性剤が、下記(1)式にて表されるアルケニルコハク酸塩であることを特徴とする前記〔1〕に記載の光拡散剤。
〔3〕 アルケニルコハク酸塩のアルキル基Rの炭素数が13〜15であり、Mがカリウムであることを特徴とする前記〔2〕に記載の光拡散剤。
〔4〕 前記〔1〕〜〔3〕のいずれかに記載の光拡散剤を含有してなる光拡散シート。
本発明の光拡散剤においては、特に、カルボン酸型の陰イオン系界面活性剤としてアルケニルコハク酸塩を含む水性媒体中でビニル系単量体を重合することにより得られたものは、樹脂粒子の粒度分布が狭いものである。
本発明のビニル系樹脂粒子は、体積平均粒子径が2〜50μmの樹脂粒子であり、該粒子径は好ましくは2〜40μmであり、より好ましくは5〜30μmである。
体積平均粒子径が小さすぎると、樹脂粒子による光拡散効果が不充分なものとなる虞がある。一方、体積平均粒子径が50μm超では、光拡散シートの輝度が低下する虞がある。
次に、該樹脂粒子を得ることができるビニル系樹脂粒子の製造方法について説明する。
(1)乳化装置を備えた容器に、水性媒体、懸濁剤、陰イオン系界面活性剤を投入し、次いで、ビニル系単量体、重合開始剤を投入する。
(2)乳化装置の高せん断撹拌により、ビニル系単量体を水性媒体中に微細な液体に分散させ、乳化液とする。
(3)該乳化液を、撹拌装置を備えた反応器に投入し、窒素置換により反応器内の酸素を除去した後、撹拌しながら反応器を加熱し、所定温度で所定時間、ビニル系単量体を重合させて樹脂粒子とする。
尚、硬度とは、水1L中に含まれるカルシウムイオンとマグネシウムイオンの量を、炭酸カルシウムの濃度に換算した重量のことであり、水中のカルシウムイオン、マグネシウムイオンの量は、キレート滴定法により測定できる。
熱可塑性樹脂としては、通常、メチルメタクリレート樹脂、メタクリレート樹脂、ポリスチレン、ポリカーボネートなどから選ばれた樹脂が挙げられるが、特にこれらに限定されるものではない。なお、該熱可塑性樹脂の中では、透明性、剛性、吸水性、屈折率の観点からメチルメタクリレートとスチレンの共重合樹脂が最も好ましい。
撹拌翼を備えた容量3Lの反応器(オートクレーブ)に脱イオン水1kgを入れ、更にピロリン酸ナトリウム1.62gを加えて溶解させた後、粉末状の硝酸マグネシウム・6水和物37.5gを加え、室温で30分撹拌してピロリン酸マグネシウムスラリーを合成した。
アルケニルコハク酸ジカリウム(花王株式会社製ラテムルASK;28重量%水溶液)の添加量を7.1g(水性媒体100重量部に対してアルケニルコハク酸ジカリウム0.2重量部)とした以外には実施例1と同様に行って、体積平均粒径(d50)が26.1μmの樹脂粒子を得た。
ビニル系単量体としてメタクリル酸メチル100g、スチレンモノマー400gの混合物を用い、アルケニルコハク酸ジカリウム(花王株式会社製ラテムルASK;28重量%水溶液)の添加量を0.18g(水性媒体100重量部に対してアルケニルコハク酸ジカリウム0.005重量部)とした以外には実施例1と同様に行って、体積平均粒径(d50)が36.8μmの樹脂粒子を得た。
実施例1と同様の反応生成物含有スラリーに、アルケニルコハク酸ジカリウム(花王株式会社製ラテムルASK;28重量%水溶液)の1.79g(水性媒体100重量部に対してアルケニルコハク酸ジカリウム0.05重量部)と、予めメタクリル酸メチル200gとスチレンモノマー300gとからなるビニル系単量体に、t−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキサノエート0.75gとt−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキシルカーボネート0.5gからなる重合開始剤を溶解させた溶液を加えた後、オートクレーブ内を窒素置換した後、得られた混合溶液をホモジナイザー(Mテクニック社製;撹拌翼の直径60mm)にて、回転数10000rpmで10分間撹拌して、スラリー中にビニル系単量体を微分散させた。
界面活性剤として、アルケニルコハク酸ジカリウムの代わりにラウリルスルホン酸ナトリウム10重量%水溶液を5g添加した以外には実施例3と同様に行って、体積平均粒径(d50)が12.3μmの樹脂粒子を得た。
界面活性剤として、アルケニルコハク酸ジカリウムの代わりにラウリルスルホン酸ナトリウム10重量%水溶液を5g添加した以外には実施例1と同様に行って、体積平均粒径(d50)が11.8μmの樹脂粒子を得た。
メチルメタクリレート−スチレン共重合樹脂(MS樹脂;メチルメタクリレート64重量%、スチレン36重量%からなる単量体混合物を共重合して得たペレット、屈折率1.53)100重量部に対して前記実施例3の樹脂粒子0.4重量部をミキサーで混合した後、φ30mmの単軸押出機に250℃〜270℃の温度で溶融混合し、溶融した樹脂を押出機先端のTダイよりシート状に押出し、光拡散シート(幅125mm、厚さ1.85mm)を作成した。
前記実施例4の樹脂粒子を用いる以外には、実施例5と同様に行って光拡散シート(幅125mm、厚さ1.85mm)を作成した。
上記比較例1の樹脂粒子を用いる以外には、実施例5と同様に行って光拡散シート(幅125mm、厚さ1.85mm)を作成した。
上記比較例2の樹脂粒子を用いる以外には、実施例5と同様に行って光拡散シート(幅125mm、厚さ1.85mm)を作成した。
界面活性剤として、アルケニルコハク酸ジカリウムの代わりにオレイン酸カリ石鹸(花王株式会社製OSソープ;16重量%水溶液)9.375g(水性媒体100重量部に対してオレイン酸カリ石鹸0.15重量部)を添加した以外には実施例1と同様に行って、体積平均粒径(d50)が10.5μmの樹脂粒子を得た。
界面活性剤として、アルケニルコハク酸ジカリウムの代わりにポリオキシエチレンラウリルエステル酢酸ナトリウム(花王株式会社製カオーアキポ;92重量%水溶液)1.63g(水性媒体100重量部に対してポリオキシエチレンラウリルエステル酢酸ナトリウム0.15重量部)を添加した以外には実施例1と同様に行って、体積平均粒径(d50)が24.6μmの樹脂粒子を得た。
体積平均粒径(d50):樹脂粒子の50%粒子径の測定
樹脂粒子を水中に分散させ、レーザー回折散乱法(日機装株式会社製マイクロトラックMT−3300EX)により粒度分布を測定し、全粒子の体積に対する累積体積が50%になる時の粒子径を50%粒子径として求めた。粒子の形状ファクターは非球形とした。
樹脂粒子を水中に分散させ、レーザー回折散乱法(日機装株式会社製マイクロトラックMT−3300EX)により粒度分布を測定し、全粒子の体積に対する累積体積が10%、90%になる時の粒子径をそれぞれ10%粒子径、90%粒子径とし、90%粒子径を10%粒子径で除した値を用いた。粒子の形状ファクターは非球形とした。
YI値=−0.5(L=94.43、a=−1.22、b=0.51)の白色鋼板の上に光拡散シートより切り出した75mm×125mmのサンプル片をのせ、反射式色差計(X−Rite)でシートの黄変度(YI値)を測定した。
光拡散シートより75mm×125mmのサンプル片を切り出し、ヘイズメーター(日本電色社製NDH2000)にて全光線透過率とヘイズを測定した。尚、全光線透過率が、90%以上を「◎」、80%以上90%未満を「○」、80%未満を「×」と評価した。
Claims (4)
- カルボン酸型の陰イオン系界面活性剤を含む水性媒体中でビニル系単量体を重合することによって得られる樹脂粒子からなり、該樹脂粒子の体積平均粒子径が2〜50μm、該樹脂粒子に残留する硫黄分が、樹脂粒子100重量部に対し0.01重量部以下であることを特徴とする光拡散剤。
- カルボン酸型の陰イオン系界面活性剤が、下記(1)式にて表されるアルケニルコハク酸塩であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光拡散剤。
- アルケニルコハク酸塩のアルキル基Rの炭素数が13〜15であり、Mがカリウムであることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の光拡散剤。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の光拡散剤を含有してなる光拡散シート。
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