JP4808917B2 - 易揮発性不純物をドープしたシリコンからなる単結晶を製造する方法およびこの種の単結晶およびこれから製造した半導体ウェーハ - Google Patents
易揮発性不純物をドープしたシリコンからなる単結晶を製造する方法およびこの種の単結晶およびこれから製造した半導体ウェーハ Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 96
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 18
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 25
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010972 statistical evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007586 pull-out test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/06—Silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Description
Zhensheng LiuおよびTorbjoern Carlberg、A Model for Dopant Concentration in Czochralski Silicon Melts,J.Elektrochem.Soc.Vol.140,No.7,1993年7月
により計算し、式中、λaは蒸発除去係数であり、これは処理的に特殊な不純物の蒸発除去特性を表し、他の単結晶の抵抗の変化R(t)を測定後に不純物を後ドープせずに決められた処理条件下で、式
この測定方法は、結晶引出し装置の制御に組み込むことにより自動化を可能にする。その際予め計算したまたは現在の処理パラメーター、例えばドーピング工程からの時間、圧力、不活性ガス通過量または炉構造による影響を正確なドーピング物質量の計算に利用することができる。引き続き計算したドーピング物質量を導入し、または他の形で、例えば進行する修正されて供給される添加として処理中に溶融物に添加することができる。
以下に本発明を測定データにより説明する。図1は結晶棒の軸方向の位置に依存する抵抗測定の結果を示す。図2は結晶棒先端の比抵抗の偏差の統計的評価を示す。
C固体=k0C液体
k0は標準的硬化のための組み込み係数である。
Claims (2)
- 高い揮発性不純物をドープしたシリコンからなる単結晶を製造する方法であり、
溶融物に不純物の量N0を添加し、前記不純物は元素または分子の形であり、ヒ素、アンチモンおよび燐からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を有し、
処理条件下で、るつぼ内に保持された溶融物から単結晶を引き出し、
溶融物からの不純物の蒸発除去により生じる損失を補償するために、時間tで、溶融物に、引き出し工程中に少なくとも一回不純物の量ΔN(t)を後ドープする、高い揮発性不純物をドープしたシリコンからなる単結晶の製造方法において、不純物の量ΔN(t)が、式:
近似式:ΔN(t)=No・λa・t
により表され、式中、N(t)は時間tでの不純物の量であり、λaは蒸発除去係数であり、これは不純物の処理的に特殊な蒸発除去特性を表し、他の単結晶の抵抗変化R(t)の測定後に不純物を後ドープしない処理条件下で、
式:
- 蒸発除去係数λaが自動処理制御に組み込まれている請求項1記載の方法。
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DE10250822.4 | 2002-10-31 | ||
DE10250822A DE10250822B4 (de) | 2002-10-31 | 2002-10-31 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit leichtflüchtigem Fremdstoff dotierten Einkristalls aus Silicium |
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JP2004149411A JP2004149411A (ja) | 2004-05-27 |
JP4808917B2 true JP4808917B2 (ja) | 2011-11-02 |
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JP2003371105A Expired - Lifetime JP4808917B2 (ja) | 2002-10-31 | 2003-10-30 | 易揮発性不純物をドープしたシリコンからなる単結晶を製造する方法およびこの種の単結晶およびこれから製造した半導体ウェーハ |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7070649B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4808917B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100555050B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1317429C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE10250822B4 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI248993B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102004004555A1 (de) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-08-18 | Siltronic Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von hoch dotierten Halbleiterscheiben und versetzungsfreie, hoch dotierte Halbleiterscheiben |
WO2006093089A1 (ja) * | 2005-02-28 | 2006-09-08 | Kyocera Corporation | 多結晶シリコン基板、多結晶シリコンインゴット及びそれらの製造方法、光電変換素子、並びに光電変換モジュール |
JP4805681B2 (ja) * | 2006-01-12 | 2011-11-02 | ジルトロニック アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | エピタキシャルウェーハおよびエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法 |
JP5118386B2 (ja) | 2007-05-10 | 2013-01-16 | Sumco Techxiv株式会社 | 単結晶の製造方法 |
JP5172202B2 (ja) | 2007-05-10 | 2013-03-27 | Sumco Techxiv株式会社 | 単結晶の製造方法 |
CN101148777B (zh) * | 2007-07-19 | 2011-03-23 | 任丙彦 | 直拉法生长掺镓硅单晶的方法和装置 |
FR2940806B1 (fr) * | 2009-01-05 | 2011-04-08 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de solidification de semi-conducteur avec ajout de charges de semi-conducteur dope au cours de la cristallisation |
JP5170061B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-02 | 2013-03-27 | 信越半導体株式会社 | 抵抗率計算プログラム及び単結晶の製造方法 |
JP5399212B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-16 | 2014-01-29 | Sumco Techxiv株式会社 | シリコン単結晶の製造方法 |
DE102009057593A1 (de) | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-16 | Siltronic Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Halbleiterscheibe |
KR101841032B1 (ko) * | 2010-09-03 | 2018-03-22 | 지티에이티 아이피 홀딩 엘엘씨 | 갈륨, 인듐 또는 알루미늄으로 도핑된 실리콘 단결정 |
CN102628178A (zh) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-08-08 | 江苏聚能硅业有限公司 | 降低太阳能8寸单晶硅片氧含量的方法 |
US20150333193A1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2015-11-19 | Memc Electronic Matrials S.P.A. | Indium-doped silicon wafer and solar cell using the same |
WO2016179022A1 (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2016-11-10 | Sunedison, Inc. | Methods for producing single crystal ingots doped with volatile dopants |
US11078595B2 (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2021-08-03 | Sumco Corporation | Method of producing silicon single crystal ingot and silicon single crystal ingot |
CN110914483B (zh) * | 2017-06-29 | 2022-06-07 | 胜高股份有限公司 | 单晶硅的制造方法 |
JP2019094224A (ja) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-06-20 | 信越半導体株式会社 | シリコン単結晶の育成方法 |
US11585010B2 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2023-02-21 | Globalwafers Co., Ltd. | Methods for producing a single crystal silicon ingot using boric acid as a dopant and ingot puller apparatus that use a solid-phase dopant |
CN111005064A (zh) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-14 | 银川隆基硅材料有限公司 | 单晶硅生长用掺杂剂的控制方法、装置、设备及存储介质 |
US11767610B2 (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-09-26 | Globalwafers Co., Ltd. | Use of buffer members during growth of single crystal silicon ingots |
CN116783333B (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2024-07-30 | 环球晶圆股份有限公司 | 用于以连续直拉法生长单晶硅锭的方法 |
CN115341271A (zh) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-11-15 | 内蒙古中环协鑫光伏材料有限公司 | 一种控制单晶电阻率轴向衰减速率的方法 |
CN115341268A (zh) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-11-15 | 内蒙古中环协鑫光伏材料有限公司 | 一种自动控制单晶硅电阻率的方法 |
CN114717647A (zh) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-08 | 广东高景太阳能科技有限公司 | 一种晶棒的掺杂剂添加量的确定方法 |
CN117364225B (zh) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-02-23 | 天通控股股份有限公司 | 一种晶体与坩埚同向旋转的长晶方法 |
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DE1644009B2 (de) * | 1966-06-13 | 1975-10-09 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Verfahren zum Herstellen stabförmiger Siliciumeinkristalle mit homogener Antimondotierung |
JPS62501497A (ja) * | 1984-12-04 | 1987-06-18 | ダイアモンド・キュ−ビック・コ−ポレ−ション | 連続して引き出される単結晶シリコンインゴット |
SG49058A1 (en) * | 1993-07-21 | 1998-05-18 | Memc Electronic Materials | Improved method for growing silicon crystal |
JPH1029894A (ja) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-02-03 | Hitachi Ltd | 単結晶シリコンの比抵抗調整方法および単結晶シリコン製造装置 |
JPH10291892A (ja) * | 1997-04-22 | 1998-11-04 | Komatsu Electron Metals Co Ltd | 結晶中の不純物濃度検出方法および単結晶の製造方法並びに単結晶引上げ装置 |
KR100588098B1 (ko) * | 1998-08-31 | 2006-06-09 | 신에쯔 한도타이 가부시키가이샤 | 실리콘 단결정 웨이퍼, 에피택셜 실리콘 웨이퍼와 그제조방법 |
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TW200415265A (en) | 2004-08-16 |
CN1317429C (zh) | 2007-05-23 |
JP2004149411A (ja) | 2004-05-27 |
KR100555050B1 (ko) | 2006-03-03 |
US20040083947A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
DE10250822A1 (de) | 2004-05-19 |
TWI248993B (en) | 2006-02-11 |
CN1498988A (zh) | 2004-05-26 |
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