JP4742030B2 - ポリマーが結合したグリコシル化ニューブラスチン - Google Patents
ポリマーが結合したグリコシル化ニューブラスチン Download PDFInfo
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- JP4742030B2 JP4742030B2 JP2006510112A JP2006510112A JP4742030B2 JP 4742030 B2 JP4742030 B2 JP 4742030B2 JP 2006510112 A JP2006510112 A JP 2006510112A JP 2006510112 A JP2006510112 A JP 2006510112A JP 4742030 B2 JP4742030 B2 JP 4742030B2
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Description
本発明は、タンパク質化学、分子生物学、神経生物学、神経学、および疼痛処理に関係する。
神経栄養因子は、発生の間における神経細胞の生存を調節し、およびこの成熟した神経系の可塑性および構造的統合性を調節する、天然に存在するタンパク質である。これらの神経栄養因子は、スーパーファミリー、ファミリー、サブファミリー、ならびにそれらの構造および機能に基づいた個別の種に分類され得る。
ニューブラスチンタンパク質(すなわち、二量体)が内部的にグリコシル化されており、およびアミノ末端に水溶性の合成ポリマー(例えば、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG))が結合する場合、バイオアベイラビリティおよび血清半減期を顕著に向上させることが見い出されている。従って、インビボでの効果が低用量で達成される。
(ポリマーが結合した、グリコシル化ニューブラスチン二量体)
本発明の二量体は、ニューブラスチンの生物学的活性についてのアッセイにおいて活性を示す。例えば、本発明の二量体は、RET活性化アッセイにおいて活性がある。本発明の二量体は、対応する二量体であってポリマーの結合とグリコシル化との組み合わせを伴わない二量体に対し、バイオアベイラビリティの向上および/または血清半減期の延長を示す。本発明の好ましい実施形態においては、上記ポリマーが結合し、グリコシル化された二量体は、上記対応するポリペプチドであってポリマーの結合およびグリコシル化を伴わないポリペプチドの効力に対し、インビボにおいて顕著に増強した効力を示す。
(i)配列番号1において残基16、残基43、残基47、残基80、残基81、残基109、および残基111に対応する位置にある、保存された7つのシステイン残基;
(ii)以下のようなアミノ酸残基:
16位にあるC、18位にあるL、25位にあるV、28位にあるL、29位にあるG、30位にあるL、31位にあるG、36位にあるE、40位にあるF、41位にあるR、42位にあるF、43位にあるC、45位にあるG、47位にあるC、80位にあるC、81位にあるC、82位にあるR、83位にあるP、91位にあるF、93位にあるD、95位にあるN、105位にあるS、106位にあるA、109位にあるCおよび111位にあるC;
(iii)LGLGリピート、FRFCモチーフ、QPCCRPモチーフ、およびSATACGCモチーフ。
(i)NBN140と命名された140アミノ酸のポリペプチド(配列番号6);
(ii)NBN116と命名された116アミノ酸のポリペプチド(配列番号7);および
(iii)NBN113と命名された113アミノ酸のポリペプチド(配列番号2)
である。
ニューブラスチンポリペプチドは、組換えDNA技術によって産生され得る。例えば、ニューブラスチンポリペプチドをコードしている核酸配列は、ベクター(例えば、発現ベクター)に挿入され得、そして上記ベクターは適切な宿主細胞に導入され得る。適切な宿主細胞は、ポリペプチドをグリコシル化する宿主細胞である。真核生物宿主細胞が好ましい。しかし、少なくとも一つの細菌(すなわち、Campylobacter jejuni)は、細菌性宿主細胞(例えばE.coli)に転移され得るN結合グリコシル化系を有する(Wackerら、2002、Science 298:1790−1793)。化学的修飾および/または細菌性グリコシル化の伸長は、当該分野で公知の方法および材料を使用して、インビトロで達成され得る。このように、グリコシル化コンピテント細菌系は必要に応じて、本発明により用いられるニューブラスチンポリペプチドを産生するために、使用され得る。
ニューブラスチンポリペプチドに結合体化するポリマーは水溶性である。好ましくは、上記ポリマーは薬学的組成物における使用に適したものである。適切な水溶性ポリマーの例としては、PEG、エチレングリコール/プロピレングリコールのコポリマー、カルボキシメチルセルロース、デキストラン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリ−1,3−ジオキソラン、ポリ−1,3,6−トリオキサン、エチレン/無水マレイン酸コポリマー、ポリアミノ酸(ホモポリマーまたは無作為的なコポリマーのどちらかである)、ならびにデキストランPEGまたはポリ(n−ビニルピロリドン)PEG、プロプロピレングリコールホモポリマー、ポリプロピレン酸化物/エチレン酸化物コポリマー、ポリオキシエチル化ポリオール(例えば、グリセロール)、ポリビニルアルコール、およびこれらの混合物が挙げられる。
本発明の二量体を含む組成物は、適切な薬学的に受容可能なキャリアを含み得る。例えば、上記組成物は、賦形剤および/または助剤(これは二量体を、作用部位に送達するように設計された調製物にプロセシングすることを促進する)を含み得る。非経口的投与に適切な処方物としては、水溶性形態である活性化合物の水溶液(例えば、水溶性の塩)が挙げられる。さらに、適切な油性注射用懸濁液のような活性化合物の懸濁液が投与され得る。適切な親油性溶媒または親油性ビヒクルとしては、脂肪油(例えば、ゴマ油)、または合成脂肪酸エステル(例えば、オレイン酸エチルまたはトリグリセリド)が挙げられる。水性注射用懸濁液は、この懸濁液の粘度を増す物質(例えば、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、ソルビトールおよびデキストラン)を含み得る。必要に応じて、上記懸濁液はまた、安定剤も含み得る。リポソームはまた、本発明の分子を細胞または間隙に送達するために、カプセル化するのに使用され得る。例示的な薬学的に受容可能なキャリアは、生理学的に適合可能な溶媒、分散媒体、コーティング、抗生物質および抗真菌剤、等張化剤および吸収遅延剤、水、生理食塩水、リン酸緩衝化生理食塩水、デキストロース、グリセロール、エタノールなどである。いくつかの実施形態において、上記組成物は等張化剤(例えば、糖、マンニトール、ソルビトールのようなポリアルコールまたは塩化ナトリウム)を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、上記組成物は薬学的に受容可能な物質(例えば、湿潤剤または乳化剤、保存料あるいは緩衝剤)を含む。
本発明は、感覚ニューロン、網膜神経節細胞、脊髄神経節のニューロン、および以下に挙げる組織のニューロンの処置に有用である。:膝神経節、錐体神経節および下神経節;内耳脳神経の前庭聴覚複合体;三叉神経節の上下顎葉の腹外側極;および三叉神経中脳路核。
神経障害性疼痛の処置に用いた場合、本発明の二量体は、単独で、または鎮痛薬との組み合わせで、投与され得る。鎮痛薬の例としては、オピオイド、抗不整脈薬、局所鎮痛薬、局所麻酔薬、鎮痙薬、抗鬱薬、コルチコステロイドまたは非ステロイド性抗炎症薬(NSAID)が挙げられる。好ましい鎮痛薬は、ガバペンチン((1−アミノメチル)シクロヘキサン酢酸);およびプレガバリン(S−(+)−4−アミノ−3−(2−メチルプロピル)酪酸)である。
触覚性異痛症は、通常では無害の皮膚刺激(例えば、接触)によって疼痛が誘発される状態をいう。触覚性異痛症は、薬学的有効量の本発明における二量体を、被験体に投与することによって処置され得る。上記二量体は、単独または有効量の鎮痛薬との組み合わせで投与され得る。
本発明の組成物は、糖尿病性神経障害の患者における痛覚感受性損失(例えば、温熱性の痛覚感受性損失)の軽減に使用され得る。処置は、予防的または治療的であり得る。
本発明の組成物および本発明の方法は、ウィルス感染または細菌感染が関連した神経障害の予防的処置に使用され得る。予防的処置は、ウィルス感染の確定後および神経障害性疼痛の発症前に示される。処置の間、本発明の二量体は、神経障害性疼痛(例えば、らい病、ライム病が関連する神経障害性疼痛、またはウィルスによって引き起こされる神経障害性疼痛)の出現を阻害するために投与される。神経障害性疼痛を引き起こし得るウィルスとしては、帯状疱疹ウィルス(疱疹後に神経痛を導き得る);ヒト免疫不全ウィルス(HIV);およびヒトパピローマウィルス(HPV)が挙げられる。
本発明の組成物および本発明の方法は、有痛性の糖尿病性神経障害の予防的処置に使用され得る。糖尿病性神経障害の予防的処置は、糖尿病または糖尿病関連症状の最初の診断後および神経障害性疼痛の発症前に開始する。有痛性の糖尿病性神経障害の予防的処置はまた、被験体が糖尿病または糖尿病関連症状の発症の危険性があることを決定する際に始まる。本発明の二量体は、神経障害性疼痛の出現を予防するためおよび/または既に現れている神経障害性疼痛の感受性を軽減するために投与される。
好ましくは、本発明の二量体からなる処方物は、1用量当たり0.1μg/kg〜1000μg/kg被験体体重の投与量で投与される。好ましくは、この投与量が1用量当たり1μg/kg〜100μg/kg被験体体重である。さらに好ましくは、この投与量が1用量当たり1μg/kg〜30μg/kg被験体体重(例えば、1用量当たり3μg/kg〜10μg/kg被験体体重)である。本発明の上記処方物の治療的に有効な量は、過度な実験を伴わずに当業者が確認可能な投与計画により、その必要性がある、被験体に投与され得る。
成熟ヒトニューブラスチン(hNBN)は本来、プレプロタンパク質として発現する。
このポリペプチドは、タンパク質を分泌経路に導くためのシグナルペプチド配列、成熟化の際に開裂および破棄されるプロドメイン、および成熟タンパク質を含む。この成熟113アミノ酸タンパク質は、1つのグリコシル化部位および7つのシステイン残基を含む。この7つのシステイン残基は、ジスルフィド架橋した、グリコシル化ホモ二量体を形成する、3つの分子内ジスルフィド結合と1つの分子間ジスルフィド結合に関与する。
(プラスミドpCWEX017.1の構築)ラットニューブラスチンに対する遺伝子を、共にラットニューブラスチンをコードする2つのフラグメント一緒に連結して作製した。ニューブラスチンのラットプレプロ形態の最初の156アミノ酸をコードするDNAフラグメントからなるプラスミドpJC102を、pCRII−TOPO r(Invitrogen)のTOPOクローニング部位に挿入した。このフラグメントをMarathon−Ready t ラット肝臓cDNA(Clontech)から、オリゴヌクレオチド AP2 5’ACTCACTATAGGGCTCGAGCGGC3’(配列番号26)およびKD3−171 5’GAACCGCTGCAGAAGCGGAAACGTATC3’(配列番号27)を用いたポリメラーゼ連鎖反応を使用して増幅した。上記プレプロドメイン、およびニューブラスチンの成熟113アミノ酸形態の最初の29アミノ酸を含むフラグメントを、最初に、プラスミドpJC102から、オリゴヌクレオチドKD3−214 5’AAGGAAAAAAGCGGCCGCCATGGAACTGGGACTTGGAGA3’(配列番号28)およびKD3−247 5’AGTTCGTCGGAAGAGTGTCCCAGGCCGAGAGCGCTCACCG3’(配列番号29)
を用いたポリメラーゼ連鎖反応を使用して増幅した。ニューブラスチンの成熟113アミノ酸形態のアミノ酸30〜113をコードする第2のフラグメントを、pCWEX015から、オリゴヌクレオチドKD3−246 5’CGGTGAGCGCTCTCGGCCTGGGACACTCTTCCGACGAACT3’(配列番号30)およびKD3−219 5’TTTTTTCCTTGGCGGCCGCTCATCCTAGACAGCCACATG3’(配列番号31)を用いて増幅した。上記プラスミドpCWEX015を、同系由来のBamH1−Xho1フラグメントを発現プラスミドpMJB134の相補的部位に挿入して、作製した。この結果として生じるDNAフラグメントを1:1の比率で混合し、オリゴヌクレオチドKD3−214およびKD3−219を用いた第二のポリメラーゼ連鎖反応に供し、ラットニューブラスチンの全長プレプロ形態を作製した。この結果として生じるDNAフラグメントを、pCWEX016を作成するために、プラスミドpCRII 平滑部位のTOPOクローニング部位にクローニングした。全長プレプロニューブラチンを含むNot−1フラグメントを単離し、そしてpEAG347のNot−1部位にクローニングして、pCWEX017.1を作製した。
ラットNBN(クローン33s)を発現するCHO細胞100リットルを、200nMメトトレキサートを含むBCM16培地中で、37℃にて10日間、増殖させた。上記培養物をフィルター濾過し、そして10倍に濃縮した。Hepes(pH7.5)を最終濃度10mMまで添加し、そして上記培地を120mL SP−Sepharoseカラム(Pharmacia)に、4℃で終夜ロードした。このカラムを10mM Hepes(pH7.5)、100mM NaClで洗浄し、そして結合したタンパク質をカラムから、10mM Hepes(pH7.5)中のNaCl勾配(0.1M〜1M)を用いて溶出した。試料を、吸光度を280nmで、総タンパク質についてはSDS−PAGEで、そして機能性NBNについては、RetL3三重複合体ELISAを使用して分析した。NBN活性は、このタンパク質ピークの立ち上がりに見られた。上記SPカラムからのピークNBN含有画分をプールし、10mM Hepes(7.5)で5倍に希釈して、22mL Heparin Sepharoseカラム(Pharmacia)にロードした。このカラムを110mLの10mM Hepes(pH7.5)、500mMで洗浄し、そしてNBNを10mM Hehpes(pH7.5)、1M NaClで溶出した。NBN含有画分をSDS−PAGEで同定し、そしてプールした。このプールした画分を10mM Hepes(pH7.5)で150mMの最終塩濃度に希釈した。このタンパク質を20mL SP−Sepharoseカラムにロードし、そしてNaCl勾配で、再び溶出した。NBN含有画分をSDS−PAGEにより同定し、プールし、フィルター濾過し、そして−70℃で保存した。タンパク質の状態を、280nmの吸光度で、1mg/mL溶液に対して0.5の吸光係数を使用して測定した。この精製したCHO NBNは、非還元状況下のSDS−PAGEでは、見かけ上の質量が36kDaの単一で広範なバンドとして移動し、そして還元状況下では、見かけ上の質量が18kDaのバンドとして移動した。N末端配列の分析は、生成物のN末端が、脱1−4付加物、脱1−7付加物および脱1−9付加物を産生する選択的部位における開裂により異なることを、明らかにした。
PEG化され、グリコシル化されたニューブラスチンの薬物動態特性を、ラットおよびマウスにおいて調べた。グリコシル化され、切断されたラットニューブラスチン(N末端9アミノ酸の切断;NBN104)の、2つの20,000DaのPEG部分によるN末端のPEG化(2×20KDa PEG NBN104)は、ニューブラスチンの半減期およびバイオアベイラビリティの有意な改善を生じた。CDマウスに対し、1.5mg/kg皮下投与した後では、24時間で、PEG化され、グリコシル化されたニューブラスチンに関して97ng/mlの血清レベルを検出した。対照的に、マウスに対し、2つの20000DaのPEG(2×20KDa PEG)でPEG化された非グリコシル化ニューブラスチンの1.5mg/kg皮下投与後、ニューブラスチン血清レベルは24時間で、39ng/mlであった。マウスに対する、非修飾グリコシル化NBN104の1.5mg/kg皮下投与24時間後では、ニューブラスチンは検出されず、これはニューブラスチンの血清レベルが5ng/ml未満であることを示している。意外なことに、PEG化され、グリコシル化されたニューブラスチンを用いて達成された血清レベルは、PEG化された非グリコシル化ニューブラスチンを用いて達成された血清レベルよりも約2.5倍大きかった。
触覚性異痛症および温熱性痛覚過敏におけるPEG化されたグリコシル化ニューブラスチンの逆転効果を、Chung L5/L6脊髄神経結紮(「SNL」)モデルにおいて研究した。Sprague−Dawley雄性ラット(200〜250g)を3つの群に分けた。全てのラットが脊髄神経結紮を受けた。第一の群のラット(n=6)に皮下注射によりビヒクルを投与した。第二および第三の群のラット(群当たりn=6)には3μg/kgおよび30μg/kgのPEG化された、グリコシル化ニューブラスチン(2×20KDa PEG NBN104)を皮下注射により投与し、ここで上記タンパク質は、CHO由来であり、切断され(N末端9アミノ酸の切断;NBN104)、および20,000Da PEGでそれぞれのN末端がPEG化されていた。ニューブラスチンは二量体として存在するので、それぞれの二量体は、2つの20,000Da PEGを含む。上記ビヒクルは、5mMリン酸塩および150mM塩化ナトリウム(pH6.5)からなる。皮下注射を施術後(SNL後)3日目、5日目、7日目、10日目、12日目および14日目に投与した。Von Frey行動試験およびHargreave行動試験(Chaplanら,1994,J.Neurosci.Meth.53:55−63;Hargreavesら,1988,Pain 32:77−88)を用いて,触覚応答および温熱応答をそれぞれモニタリングした。これらの疼痛応答を、ベースライン応答を確立するために脊髄神経結紮の前にモニタリングして、そして、その後、SNL後3日目の薬物投与前、ならびにSNL後5日目、7日目、10日目、12日目および14日目での薬物投与後、約1時間でモニタリングした。ビヒクル処置に対する薬物処置の統計的有意性を評価するために、2元分散分析配置法(2−way repeated measure analysis of variance(2−way RM ANOVA))をpost−hoc Student Neuman Keuls(SNK)テストに従って実施した。
その他の実施形態は上記請求項に含まれる。
Claims (14)
- 第一ニューブラスチンポリペプチドおよび第二ニューブラスチンポリペプチドを含む二量体であって、ここで:(a)両方の該ポリペプチドはグリコシル化されており;(b)両方の該ポリペプチドはそのN末端にて、水溶性の合成ポリマーが結合しており;そして(c)どちらの該ポリペプチドも、N末端以外の位置に水溶性の合成ポリマーが結合しておらず、
該第一ニューブラスチンポリペプチドおよび第二ニューブラスチンポリペプチドは、NBN104(配列番号16)であり、該水溶性合成ポリマーは、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)である、二量体。 - 前記二量体に結合した前記ポリエチレングリコール部分の総分子量の平均が、10kDa〜50kDaである、請求項1に記載の二量体。
- 前記二量体に結合した前記ポリエチレングリコール部分の総分子量の平均が、15kDa〜45kDaである、請求項2に記載の二量体。
- 前記二量体に結合した前記ポリエチレングリコール部分の総分子量の平均が、20kDa〜40kDaである、請求項3に記載の二量体。
- 前記ポリエチレングリコールが直鎖状である、請求項1に記載の二量体。
- 前記ポリエチレングリコールが分枝状である、請求項1に記載の二量体。
- 請求項1に記載の二量体および薬学的に受容可能なキャリアを含む、組成物。
- 哺乳動物において神経障害性疼痛を処置するための組成物であって、治療的に有効な量の請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の二量体を含む、組成物。
- 哺乳動物において触覚性異痛症を処置するための組成物であって、治療的に有効な量の請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の二量体を含む、組成物。
- 哺乳動物において温熱性痛覚過敏を処置するための組成物であって、治療的に有効な量の請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の二量体を含む、組成物。
- 哺乳動物のRETレセプターを活性化するための組成物であって、有効な量の請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の二量体を含む、組成物。
- 哺乳動物において神経障害性疼痛、触覚性異痛症、または温熱性痛覚過敏を処置するための組成物であって、有効な量の請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の二量体、および鎮痛薬を含む、組成物。
- 前記哺乳動物がヒトである、請求項8〜12のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 静脈内、筋肉内または皮下投与に適したものである、請求項8〜13のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
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US20040077543A1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2004-04-22 | Sah Dinah W. Y. | Treatment using neublastin polypeptides |
JP4571776B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-05 | 2010-10-27 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
SI2246362T1 (sl) * | 2003-01-31 | 2014-04-30 | Biogen Idec Ma Inc. | Polimerni konjugati mutiranega neoblastina |
NZ543365A (en) | 2003-04-18 | 2009-02-28 | Biogen Idec Inc | Polymer-conjugated glycosylated neublastin |
EP1636260B1 (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2009-02-18 | Nsgene A/S | Improved secretion of neublastin |
US7598059B2 (en) * | 2003-10-02 | 2009-10-06 | Biogen Idec Ma Inc. | Neublastin expression constructs |
EA013565B1 (ru) * | 2004-08-19 | 2010-06-30 | Байоджен Айдек Ма Инк. | Варианты полипептидов нейбластина, способы их получения и их применение |
US8722862B2 (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2014-05-13 | Biogen Idec Ma Inc. | Refolding transforming growth factor beta family proteins |
EP1937295A2 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2008-07-02 | NS Gene A/S | Treatment of retinopathies using gfr 3 agonists |
TWI501774B (zh) | 2006-02-27 | 2015-10-01 | Biogen Idec Inc | 神經性病症之治療 |
EP1993590B1 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2013-12-25 | Biogen Idec MA Inc. | Compostions and methods for administering gdnf ligand family proteins |
TWI445544B (zh) | 2007-05-01 | 2014-07-21 | Biogen Idec Inc | 增進血管形成之組合物及方法 |
US20110135648A1 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2011-06-09 | Biogen Idec Ma Inc. | Anti-neublastin antibodies and uses thereof |
JP6317328B2 (ja) | 2012-04-11 | 2018-04-25 | ビオベラティブ テラポイティクス インコーポレーテッドBioverativ Therapeutics Inc. | グリコサミノグリカンを検出する方法 |
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JP5415392B2 (ja) | 2014-02-12 |
JP2006523709A (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
DE602004021648D1 (de) | 2009-07-30 |
ES2328640T3 (es) | 2009-11-16 |
EP1897552B1 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
EP1618179A2 (en) | 2006-01-25 |
ES2479942T3 (es) | 2014-07-25 |
EP1618179A4 (en) | 2008-03-05 |
US8163875B2 (en) | 2012-04-24 |
US20070238650A1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
US20120316109A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
CA2522364A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
EP1618179B1 (en) | 2014-05-07 |
NZ543365A (en) | 2009-02-28 |
US8642732B2 (en) | 2014-02-04 |
DK1897552T3 (da) | 2009-10-05 |
WO2004094592A3 (en) | 2006-04-27 |
NZ574121A (en) | 2011-06-30 |
EP1897552A1 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
WO2004094592A2 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
CA2522364C (en) | 2014-12-09 |
EP2322205A1 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
CA2864810A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
ATE433759T1 (de) | 2009-07-15 |
AU2004233079A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
JP2011084567A (ja) | 2011-04-28 |
AU2004233079B2 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
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