JP4742025B2 - 変異ニューブラスチンのポリマー結合体 - Google Patents
変異ニューブラスチンのポリマー結合体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4742025B2 JP4742025B2 JP2006503213A JP2006503213A JP4742025B2 JP 4742025 B2 JP4742025 B2 JP 4742025B2 JP 2006503213 A JP2006503213 A JP 2006503213A JP 2006503213 A JP2006503213 A JP 2006503213A JP 4742025 B2 JP4742025 B2 JP 4742025B2
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- neublastin
- polypeptide
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Description
本出願は、2001年2月1日出願の米国仮特許出願第60/266,071号(放棄)からの優先権を主張し、2002年1月25日出願の国際公開の米国特許出願公開第02/02319号からの優先権を主張する。
本発明は、タンパク質化学、分子生物学、神経生物学、神経学および疼痛の管理に関する。
神経栄養因子は、発生時の神経生存を調節し、成人の神経系の可塑性と構造的完全性を調節する天然タンパク質である。神経栄養因子は、神経組織および非神経組織から単離することができる。この20年間に多数の神経栄養因子が発見されている。これらの神経栄養因子は、それらの構造および機能に基づいて、スーパーファミリー、ファミリー、サブファミリーおよび個々の種に分類できる。
本発明は、ポリマーに結合した変異ニューブラスチンダイマーを提供する。各ダイマーは、第1のアミノ末端アミノ酸を含んでなる第1のポリペプチドおよび第2のアミノ末端アミノ酸を含んでなる第2のポリペプチドを含有する。各ポリペプチドは、個々に以下のものを含有する:(a)配列番号1のアミノ酸8〜113と、少なくとも70%、80%、90%または95%の配列同一性があることを特徴とするアミノ酸配列;(b)16位、43位、47位、80位、81位、109位、および111位(配列番号1による番号付け)の各々におけるシステイン残基;(c)以下のアミノ酸残基:16位にC、18位にL、25位にV、28位にL、29位にG、30位にL、31位にG、36位にE、40位にF、41位にR、42位にF、43位にC、45位にG、47位にC、80位にC、81位にC、82位にR、83位にP、91位にF、93位にD、105位にS、106位にA、109位にCおよび111位にC;および(d)LGLGの反復(配列番号1の残基28〜31)、FRFCモチーフ(配列番号1の残基40〜43)、QPCCRPモチーフ(配列番号1の残基78〜83)およびSATAGGCモチーフ(配列番号1の残基105〜111)。前記ダイマーは、ポリマーが結合する内部ポリマー結合部位を提供する少なくとも1つのアミノ酸置換(配列番号1に関して)を含む。
他に言明しない限り、ニューブラスチンのアミノ酸位置番号の言及は、配列番号1に示された番号付けを言う。
本発明の変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチド類は、神経栄養性活性を保持し、野生型ニューブラスチンポリペプチドに比して増強した生物学的利用能を有する。例えば、本発明の変異ニューブラスチン類は、野生型ニューブラスチンがRETを活性化するアッセイにおいて、RET遺伝子産物を活性化する。一般に変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチドは、以下の特徴のうち、少なくとも1つを保持するが、それに加えて内部ポリマー結合部位が生じるような少なくとも1つの変更を含んでなる:
(i)配列番号1〜4により番号付けした16位、43位、47位、80位、81位、109位、および111位における7つの保存システイン残基;
(ii)以下のアミノ酸残基:各々、配列番号1〜4により番号付けした16位にC、18位にL、25位にV、28位にL、29位にG、30位にL、31位にG、36位にE、40位にF、41位にR、42位にF、43位にC、45位にG、47位にC、80位にC、81位にC、82位にR、83位にP、91位にF、93位にD、105位にS、106位にA、109位にCおよび111位にC;
(iii)LGLG反復単位(配列番号1の残基28〜31)、FRFCモチーフ(配列番号1の残基40〜43)、QPCCRPモチーフ(配列番号1の残基78〜83)およびSATAGGCモチーフ(配列番号1の残基105〜111)。
−は、その残基が埋め込まれていて表面にはないか、またはジスルフィド結合に含まれるシステイン残基であることを示す。
+は、66〜75残基を含有するループが、GDNFモノマーの1つ(屈曲性と思われる)だけに見られるが、この残基がGDNF構造において、またはニューブラスチン構造において表面露出していることを示す。
(i)配列番号6と称されるアミノ酸配列を有する、本明細書においてNBN140と称される140AAポリペプチド;
(ii)配列番号7と称されるアミノ酸配列を有する、本明細書においてNBN116と称される116AAポリペプチド;および
(iii)配列番号2と称されるアミノ酸配列を有する、本明細書においてNBN113と称される113AAポリペプチド。
(iv)ニューブラスチンポリペプチドの112カルボキシ末端アミノ酸、例えば配列番号6(配列番号8)の29〜140のアミノ酸または配列番号1、3または4の2〜113のアミノ酸を有する、本明細書においてNBN112と称される112AAポリペプチド配列。
ニューブラスチンポリペプチドは、当該分野で公知の方法を用いて単離することができる。天然ニューブラスチンポリペプチドは、標準的なタンパク質精製法を用いて適切な精製方式により、細胞または組織源から単離できる。あるいは、変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチドは、標準的ペプチド合成法を用いて化学的に合成できる。短いアミノ酸配列の合成は、ペプチド業界で十分に確立されている。Stewartら、Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis(第2版、1984年)を参照されたい。
化学的に修飾されたニューブラスチンポリペプチドは、本開示に基づいて、当業者により調製できる。ニューブラスチンポリペプチドへの結合に好ましい化学的部分は、水溶性ポリマーである。水溶性ポリマーは、それが結合しているタンパク質が生理的環境などの水性環境に沈殿しないため有利である。前記ポリマーは、治療用製品または組成物の調製にとって製薬上許容できることが好ましい。
所望の場合、ポリマー結合ニューブラスチンポリペプチドは、融合タンパク質として提供できる。また、本発明のタンパク質の融合ポリペプチド誘導体は、生物学的活性を保持する主要タンパク質の種々の構造形態を含む。
本発明のポリペプチド類は、プレプロタンパク質、プロタンパク質、成熟タンパク質、グリコシル化タンパク質、非グリコシル化タンパク質、リン酸化タンパク質、非リン酸化タンパク質、切断体または任意の他の翻訳後修飾タンパク質の形態など、任意の生物活性形態において提供できる。生物活性ニューブラスチンポリペプチドとしては、例えば、単独でまたは補助因子(GFRα3またはRETなど)の存在下で二量化した場合、RETに結合し、RETの二量化およびRETの自己リン酸化を誘導するポリペプチドが挙げられる。
非結合ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーを単離し、次いで1種以上のポリマーに結合させて、本発明のポリマー結合ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーを得ることができる。ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーは、哺乳動物細胞から、好ましくはヒト細胞から、またはチャイニーズハムスター卵巣を出所として単離できる。
切断ニューブラスチンポリペプチドを含む本発明の修飾ニューブラスチンポリペプチドは、神経またはニューロン細胞の代謝、増殖、分化または生存の調節に有用である。特に、修飾ニューブラスチンポリペプチドは、その障害または疾患が神経栄養剤の活性に応答性を有する生存動物、例えば、ヒトの障害または疾患を治療または軽減するために使用される。このような治療および方法は、下記でさらに詳細に記載されている。
本発明の修飾ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーを含んでなる薬学的組成物もまた提供される。
本発明の組成物は、哺乳動物、例えば、ヒトを含む霊長類における神経栄養剤の活性に応答性である障害または疾患を治療または軽減するために使用できる。
本発明は、神経障害性疼痛を治療し、触覚異痛症を治療し、神経障害を伴う痛感度の喪失を減少させる方法を提供する。本法では、生物活性完全長ニューブラスチンポリペプチド類または生物活性切断ニューブラスチンポリペプチド類を含む、ポリマー結合ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマー類を使用する。さらに、本発明は、製薬上許容できるキャリア中に懸濁、溶解、または分散されたポリマー結合ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーを提供する。
一実施形態において、本発明は、ポリマー結合ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーの有効量を対象に投与することを含んでなる対象における神経障害性疼痛を処置する方法を含む。幾つかの実施形態において、本発明は、例えば、配列番号1、2、6〜21および36のいずれか1つまたはその変異体を含む、野生型、切断または変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチドを含んでなるポリマー結合ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーの有効量を、単独で対象に投与することを含んでなるか、またはオピオイド、抗不整脈薬、局所鎮痛薬、局所麻酔薬、抗痙攣薬、抗うつ薬、コルチコステロイドおよび非ステロイド抗炎症薬(NSAIDS)からなる群より選択される鎮痛誘導化合物の有効量もまた対象に投与することにより、対象における神経障害性疼痛を治療する方法を含む。好ましい実施形態において、鎮痛誘導化合物は、抗痙攣薬である。他の好ましい実施形態において、鎮痛誘導化合物は、ガバペンチン((1−アミノメチル)シクロヘキサン酢酸)またはプレガバリン(S−(+)−4−アミノ−3−(2−メチルプロピル)ブタン酸)である。
用語の「触覚異痛症」とは、疼痛が、通常は無害性である皮膚の刺激(例えば、接触)により誘発される対象における状態を代表的に言う。本発明は、対象における触覚異痛症を治療する方法を含む。
他の実施形態において、本発明は、神経障害を患っている対象において痛感度の喪失を減少させるため方法を含む。好ましい実施形態において、神経障害は、糖尿病性神経障害である。好ましい実施形態において、痛感度の喪失は、熱的痛感度の喪失である。本発明は、予防的処置および治療的処置の両方を考慮している。
感染性およびウィルス神経障害の予防処置が考慮されている。予防処置は、ウィルス感染の決定後でかつ神経障害性疼痛の発生前に適用される。処置時に、ポリマー結合変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーを、限定はしないが、ハンセン病、ライム病に伴う神経障害性疼痛、ウィルス、特にヘルペスウィルス(より具体的には、ヘルペス後神経痛に至り得る帯状ヘルペスウィルス)、ヒト免疫不全症ウイルス(HIV)、およびパピローマウィルスからなる群より選択されるウィルスによる感染に伴う神経障害性疼痛などの神経障害性疼痛の発現を防止するために投与する。代わりの実施形態において、ポリマー結合変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーを、発現するはずの重度の神経障害性疼痛を軽減するために投与する。
有痛性の糖尿病性神経障害の予防処置が考慮されている。糖尿病性神経障害の予防処置は、糖尿病または糖尿病関連症状の最初の診断決定後で、かつ神経障害性疼痛前に開始することになろう。有痛性の糖尿病性神経障害の予防処置はまた、対象が、糖尿病または糖尿病関連症状を発現する危険性があると決定した際に開始し得る。処置時に、ポリマー結合変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーを、神経障害性疼痛の発現を防止するために投与する。代わりの実施形態において、ポリマー結合変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーを、既に発現した重度の神経障害性疼痛を軽減するために投与する。
さらなる態様において、本発明は、ポリマー結合ニューブラスチンポリペプチドの治療有効量を、それを必要とする対象に投与することにより、対象(ヒトを含む)における神経系障害を治療するか、または防止する方法を提供し、組成物は、ニューブラスチンポリペプチドまたはポリマーに結合した変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチド、または安定な水溶性結合ニューブラスチンポリペプチドを含む複合体、またはニューブラスチンポリペプチド、または、例えば、PEGなどのポリアルキレン部分に結合した変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチドを含んでなる変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチド複合体を含有する。
先の方法では、切断されていても、いなくてもよいポリマー結合変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーを含んでなる処方物を対象に、一用量当たり0.01μg/kg対象体重から1000μg/kg対象体重の投与量で、好ましくは全身的に投与することが考慮されている。この投与量は、一用量当たり1μg/kg対象体重から100μg/kg対象体重であることが好ましい。この投与量は、一用量当たり1μg/kg対象体重から30μg/kg対象体重、例えば、一用量当たり3μg/kg対象体重から10μg/kg対象体重であることがより好ましい。本発明の処方物の治療有効量は、過度の実験なしで、当業者により確認可能な投与計画でそれを必要とする対象に投与できる。
先の方法で用いられるポリペプチドダイマーは、任意の好適な送達システム、好ましくは、静脈内送達、筋肉内送達、肺内送達、皮下送達、および腹腔内送達により、最も好ましくは、筋肉内送達、静脈内送達、または皮下送達により投与できる。先の方法で用いられるニューブラスチンポリペプチドは、くも膜下腔内送達により投与することもできる。
幾つかの実施形態において、本発明のポリペプチドダイマーに関する投与回数は、処方物を1週3回、2週間対象への投与を提供する。治療有効性を最適化するために、ポリマー結合変異ニューブラスチンポリペプチドダイマーを、先ず異なる投与計画で投与する。単位投与量および投与計画は、例えば、免疫化哺乳動物種、その免疫状態、哺乳動物の体重などの因子に依存する。代表的には、組織内のタンパク質レベルが、例えば、所与の処置投与計画の有効性を決定するために、臨床試験法の一部として適切なスクリーニングアッセイを用いてモニターされる。
CHO細胞−と大腸菌誘導組替えニューブラスチン類は、ラットにおいて静脈内に投与された場合、循環から急速に除去されることが認められた。タンパク質は、皮下投与後の血清中に検出の閾値以下であった。ニューブラスチンの生物学的利用能を増加させるために、変異ニューブラスチンのPEG化形態を構築した。
次に、内部アミノ酸残基においてPEG化された変異ニューブラスチン形態の生物学的利用能を調べた。配列番号1に示されるとおり番号付けされた場合、14位、39位、68位、および95位の天然残基を置き換える一連の4種の変異体は、配列内の選択部位にリジンを挿入するようにデザインされた。これらのリジンは、PEG結合のための代わりの部位を提供とすると思われる。これらの部位は、表面残基を同定するために骨組みとしてGDNF(Nat.Struct.Biol.4:p.435−8、1997年)の結晶構造を用いて選択された。回避すべき構造の機能的に重要な領域を同定するためにペルセフィン/ニューブラスチンキメラ変異誘発性試験(J.Biol.Chem.275:p.3412−20、2000年)が用いられた。
(表6.野生型ラットNBN配列)
発現および精製に関して、ラットニューブラスチンN95Kポリペプチドをコードするプラスミドは、成熟113アミノ酸ニューブラスチン配列の開始に直接隣接したエンテロキナーゼ開裂部位によりHis−タグ化融合タンパク質として大腸菌に発現された。大腸菌は、500L発酵槽中で増殖され、凍結細胞ペーストが提供された。大腸菌細胞を、APV Gaulin Press中、溶菌し、ラットニューブラスチンN95Kを、不溶性洗浄ペレットフラクションから回収した。
大腸菌で産生され、5mMリン酸ナトリウムpH6.5、100mM NaCl中、4℃で保存された230mLのリフォールディングされたラットN95K変異ニューブラスチン(2.6mg/mL)を、77mLの水、14.4mLの1M HEPES pH7.5、および2.8g(最終10mg/mL)のPEG SPA 10,000Da(Shearwater Polymers社)で希釈した。このサンプルを、暗所での室温で4時間温置してから、5mMイミダゾール(最終)で処理し、ろ過し、4℃で一晩保存した。2つのバッチで生成物を生じさせ、1つは130mLのN95Kバルクを含有し、他は、100mLの前記バルクを含有した。PEG化ニューブラスチンを、Fractogel EMD SO3 −(M)(EM産業)上で反応混合物から精製した。カラムは室温で操作した。緩衝液の全てはパイロジェンなしで調製した。塩化ナトリウムは、87mMの最終濃度で反応混合物に加え、サンプルを45mLFractogelカラム(5cm内径)上に充填した。
PEG化NBN N95KのUVスペクトル(240〜340nm)をニートサンプルで取った。このサンプルを三通り分析した。PEG化サンプルは、最大吸光度を275〜277nmに、最小吸光度を247〜249nmにおいて示した。この結果は、バルク中間体に観測されるものと一致する。PEG化生成物のタンパク質濃度は、Σ280 0.1%=0.50の吸光係数を用いてスペクトルから推定した。PEG化ニューブラスチンバルクのタンパク質濃度は、1.1mg/mLである。320nmにおける吸光度の欠如により明らかなように証拠から濁りは存在しなかった。
生成物の3μg、1.5μg、0.75μg、および0.3μgを含有するPEG化ニューブラスチンの一定分割量を、4〜20%勾配ゲル(Owl)SDS−PAGEに供した。ゲルをCoomassie明青色R−250で染色した。分子量マーカー(GIBCO−BRL)を平行に作動させた。
PEG化変異ニューブラスチンNBN106−N95Kを、移動相として5mM MES pH6.5、300mM NaClを用いて分析用Superose 6HR10/30FPLCカラム上でゲルろ過クロマトグラフィに供した。カラムを20mL/時間で操作した。溶出液を280nmにおける吸光度でモニターした。PEG化変異ニューブラスチンは、PEGの流体力学的大容量と一致する約200kDaの明白な分子量を有する単一ピークとして溶出した。凝集物の証拠は見られなかった。約30kDaの明白な分子量で溶出する遊離のニューブラスチンは、調製物中に検出されなかった。
PEG化変異ニューブラスチンNBN106−N95Kを、Vydac C4(5μm、1x250mm)カラム上の逆相HPLCに供した。カラムを、40%から60%B(緩衝液A:0.1%TFA、緩衝液B:75%アセトニトリル/0.085%TFA)の勾配で60mmを用いて展開した。カラム溶出液を、214nmにおける吸光度に関してモニターし、その後の分析のためにフラクションを採取した。PEG化NBN106−N95Kを、C4カラム上の逆相HPLCによりその種々のジ(60.5mm)、トリ(63.3mm)、およびテトラ(67.8mm)PEG化成分に分画した。ピークの相対強度は、成分比率が、それぞれ5.4%、60.5%、および30.1%であることを示唆している。ピークの正体は、MALDI−MSにより証明された。生成物において非PEG化NBN106−N95K(5〜15mmでの溶出液)の証拠はなかった。
PEG化変異ニューブラスチンNBN106−N95Kは、C4Zip Tip上で脱塩し、マトリックスとしてシナピン酸を用いて、Voyager−DE(商標)STR(PerSeptive Biosystems)マトリックスアシストレーザー脱離/イオン化飛行時間型質量分析計(MALDI−TOF)上の質量分析により分析した。0.5μLの精製タンパク質を、標的プレート上で0.5μLのマトリックスと混合した。PEG化変異ニューブラスチンNBN106−N95Kの質量分析により、これらの付加物の単一および二重荷電形態を明らかにした。43803Da、54046Da、64438Daの観測質量は、1分子当たり2つ、3つ、および4つのPEGの修飾体と一致している。
PEG化反応の特異性は、ペプチドマッピングにより評価された。PEG化ニューブラスチンを、ジ、トリ、およびテトラPEG化成分に分離し、次にこれらを、還元し、アルキル化し、さらにC4カラム上のHPLCにより、これらの1本鎖成分に分離した。これらの成分および対照として還元的アルキル化非PEG化NBN106−N95Kを、Asp−Nプロテイナーゼで消化し、生じた開裂生成物を、0%から60%B(緩衝液A:0.1%TFA、緩衝液B:75%アセトニトリル/0.085%TFA)の勾配で60mmを用いて、Vydac C4(5μm、1x250mm)カラム上の逆相HPLCカラムにより分画した。カラム溶出液を、214nmの吸光度においてモニターした。
PEG化変異ラットニューブラスチンの効力は、リン酸化RETの存在に特異的であるELISAにおいてニューブラスチン活性に係るレポーターとしてのc−Retのニューブラスチン依存活性/リン酸化を用いて測定した。RetおよびGFRα3を発現する接着性マウス神経芽細胞腫細胞系であるNB41A3−mRL3細胞を、10%ウシ胎仔血清で補足されたDulbecco修飾イーグル培地(DMEM)中、24ウェルプレート内に1ウェル当たり2x105細胞を入れ、5%CO2中の37℃で18時間培養した。
ラットおよびマウスモデルにおける種々のPEG化および非PEG化変異ニューブラスチン生成物の薬物動態特性を調べた(結果の要約に関しては表8を参照)。
両ニューブラスチン体は、成熟113アミノ酸配列の開始に直接隣接したエンテロキナーゼ開裂部位によりHis−タグ化融合タンパク質として大腸菌に発現された。野生型(1.8kgペレット)またはN95K(2.5kgペレット)のいずれかを発現する細菌を、APV Gaulin Pressを用いて2リットルのPBS中、溶菌に供した。封入体ペレットへと遠心分離(10,000rpm)した後、各調製物からの上澄み液を捨てた。封入体ペレットを、洗浄用緩衝液(0.02MトリスHCl pH8.5、0.5mM EDTA)で2回洗浄してから、トリトンX−100(2%、v/v)を含有する同じ緩衝液で2回洗浄し、次いで界面活性剤なしの緩衝液でさらに2回洗浄した。両ペレットを、6M塩酸グアニジン、0.1MトリスpH8.5、0.1M DTT、および1mM EDTAを用いて溶解させた。溶解過程を促進させるために、各ペレットを、ポリトロンホモジナイザを用いる均質化に供し、次いで室温で一晩攪拌した。溶解したタンパク質を、遠心分離により透明にしてから、1分につき20mlでSuperdex200(2Mグアニジン−HClと共に0.05Mグリシン/H3PO4 pH3.0で平衡化された5.5リットルカラム)を通すクロマトグラフィで変性させた。
希釈によりニューブラスチンをリフォールディングするために、溶解タンパク質を、0.1mg/mlの最終濃度でリフォールディング用緩衝液(0.5Mグアニジン−HCl、0.35M L−アルギニン、50nMリン酸カリウム(pH7.8)、0.2mM還元グルタチオンおよび1mM酸化グルタチオン、および0.1%ツイーン−80)で迅速に希釈し、攪拌せずに室温で48時間温置した。次にリフォールディングされたニューブラスチンを25倍に濃縮し、40mMイミダゾールに加え、Ni−NTAアガロースを含有するクロマトグラフィカラムに適用して、生成物をさらに濃縮し、宿主細胞タンパク質を除去した。カラムを洗浄用緩衝液(40mMイミダゾール、0.5Mグアニジン−HCl)のカラム容量で10回洗浄した。次いでニューブラスチンを、0.2Mイミダゾールおよび0.5Mグアニジン−HClを有する樹脂から溶出させた。
カラム復元ニューブラスチンを4℃で少なくとも24時間保存してから、ニューブラスチンモノマー間でジスルフィド形成を促進するために精製を続行した。この時期に形成された沈殿を、0.2μポリエーテルスルホン(PES)フィルタ単位を通すろ過により除去した。非特異的結合を減少させるために、タンパク質溶液を20mMイミダゾールに加えてから、カラム緩衝液(0.5Mグアニジンおよび20mMイミダゾール)で平衡化された100mlNi−NTA(Qiagen)カラム上に1分当たり50mlで充填した。タンパク質適用後、カラムを、同じ緩衝液を用いてベースラインまで洗浄した。ニューブラスチンを、0.5Mグアニジン−HClおよび0.4Mイミダゾールを含有する凡そ300mLの溶出緩衝液を用いて樹脂から溶出した。溶出後、ニューブラスチンを、10倍容量の5mM HClに対して室温で(10kDa透析チューブを用いて)一晩透析した。透析により、汚染物質の加水分解が促進され、グアニジン−HClおよびイミダゾール濃度は、それぞれ0.05Mおよび0.04Mに減少する。
翌日、透析時に形成されたいずれの沈殿物もろ過により除去した。次の精製ステップを、カラムおよび希釈リフォールディングされたニューブラスチン生成物の両方に適用する。タンパク質サンプルは、凡そ150mMの残留グアニジン−HClを含む最終塩濃度のため、5MストックからNaClの添加により0.1M NaClに作製された。この濃度は、導電率計を用いて確認された。さらに、1M HEPES pH7.8を、25mMの最終濃度のために加えた。Hisタグを開裂させるために、リシルエンドペプチダーゼを、野生型ニューブラスチンに、エンテロキナーゼを、N95K変異ニューブラスチンに、両方ともニューブラスチンに対するプロテアーゼが凡そ1:300の比率で加えた。Lys95における変異タンパク質のさらなるプロテアーゼ開裂部位のため、N95K変異ニューブラスチンには、リシルエンドペプチダーゼの代わりにエンテロキナーゼが用いられた。サンプルを、室温で2時間攪拌し、消化はSDS−PAGEによりモニターされた。
プロテアーゼ処理ニューブラスチンを、0.5Mグアニジンおよび20mMイミダゾールで平衡化された100mlNi−NTAカラム上に1分当たり50mlで適用した。カラムを、同じ緩衝液を用いてベースラインまで洗浄した。カラム洗浄のタンパク質を、Hisタグなしのニューブラスチンを含有する流液タンパク質により集めた。
Ni−NTAクロマトグラフィ後、タンパク質を直ちにCMシリカ樹脂を通すさらなる精製に供した。充填用緩衝液(5mMリン酸pH6.5、150mM NaCl)で平衡化された20mL CMシリカカラムを、1分当たり20mLでニューブラスチンを充填した。カラムを、洗浄用緩衝液(5mMリン酸塩pH6.5、400mMNaCl)の20倍カラム容量で洗浄し、タンパク質ステップを、5mMリン酸塩pH6.5であるが1M NaClを含有する溶出緩衝液で溶出した。溶出タンパク質をリン酸塩単独に対して透析し、N95Kに関しては100mMまで、野生型ニューブラスチンに関しては150mMまで塩濃度を下げた。両サンプルを、0.2μPESフィルタ単位を通してろ過し、SDS−PAGEにより分析し、さらなる特性決定および/またはPEG化が必要になるまで4℃で保存した。
PBS中1mg/mlの濃度での野生型ラットニューブラスチンを、1mMスルホ−SMCC(Pierce)で処理し、過剰の交差リンカーを除去するために脱塩した。野生型ニューブラスチンタンパク質は、そのアミン末端に単一アミンのみを含有し、遊離スルフヒドリル基が無いことから、SMCCとの反応は、ニューブラスチンとそのアミノ末端に結合されたSMCCとの部位特異的修飾を生じることが予想された。
セレノメチオニン標識ニューブラスチンを、メチオニン生合成を阻害する標準法を用いて発現した(Van Duyneら、1991年、Science 252、p.839−842)。野生型ニューブラスチンおよびセレノメチオニン取り込みニューブラスチンの両方を、0.8Mアルギニン中、17mg/mlに濃縮した。結晶は、1.25M硫酸マグネシウム、0.1M MES pH6.5から20℃で懸滴蒸気拡散法(Jancarik、J.&Kim,S.H.、1991年、J.Appl.Crystallogr.24、p.409−411)により増殖させた。結晶は、最終濃度1.25M硫酸マグネシウム、0.1M MES pH6.5、および30%(v/v)エチレングリコールまで、60秒毎に5%エチレングリコールの添加により凍結保護してから、液体窒素に素早く移すことにより凍結させた。
ニューブラスチン表面の前ヘリックス領域にほぼ正三角形の頂点に3つの硫酸クラスターが配置され、硫酸ヘパリンに対する結合部位となり得る。これらの硫酸との重要な相互作用を有すると思われる3つのアルギニン残基がある。アルギニン残基R48は、3つの硫酸全て(#2、#6、および#3)と一緒に結合している。主鎖アミドは、#2硫酸と相互作用するが、一方、その側鎖のグアニジウム基は、#6硫酸および#3硫酸と二又水素結合を形成している。第2のアルギニン残基(R49)は、#2硫酸と水素結合を形成し、第3のアルギニン残基(R51)は、#6硫酸に長い水素結合を形成している。
1週につき3回皮下投与された1mg/kg野生型ニューブラスチンは、ラットにおける脊髄神経結紮により誘導された神経障害性疼痛挙動(触覚異痛症および熱痛覚過敏症)のほぼ完全な反転および正常化をもたらしたが、一方、1週につき3回皮下投与された0.03mg/kg野生型ニューブラスチンは、この動物モデルにおいて効果がなく、1週につき3回皮下投与された0.1mg/kgおよび0.6mg/kg野生型ニューブラスチンは、中間の効果があることを我々は先に示した。
Claims (4)
- 配列番号1のアミノ酸8−113に少なくとも90%同一であり、かつ48位のアルギニン、49位のアルギニン、または51位のアルギニンのうちの1以上の、グルタミン酸残基による置換を含む、ニューブラスチンポリペプチドであって、該ポリペプチドは、神経栄養性活性を示す、ポリペプチド。
- 前記48位のアルギニン残基がグルタミン酸で置換される、請求項1に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記49位のアルギニン残基がグルタミン酸で置換される、請求項1に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記51位のアルギニン残基がグルタミン酸で置換される、請求項1に記載のポリペプチド。
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US10/356,264 US7442370B2 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2003-01-31 | Polymer conjugates of mutated neublastin |
PCT/US2004/002763 WO2004069176A2 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2004-02-02 | Polymer conjugates of mutated neublastin |
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JP2010069011A Withdrawn JP2010184924A (ja) | 2003-01-31 | 2010-03-24 | 変異ニューブラスチンのポリマー結合体 |
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AU2005277227B2 (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2011-10-06 | Biogen Ma Inc. | Refolding transforming growth factor beta family proteins |
US20140092376A1 (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2014-04-03 | Momentive Performance Materials, Inc. | Container and method for in-line analysis of protein compositions |
AU2018212403A1 (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2019-08-22 | Tessa Therapeutics Ltd. | TGF-ß decoy receptor |
EP4096920A1 (en) * | 2020-01-27 | 2022-12-07 | Silcotek Corp. | Biopharmaceutical manufacturing process and product |
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