JP4699902B2 - リン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
リン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4699902B2 JP4699902B2 JP2005515022A JP2005515022A JP4699902B2 JP 4699902 B2 JP4699902 B2 JP 4699902B2 JP 2005515022 A JP2005515022 A JP 2005515022A JP 2005515022 A JP2005515022 A JP 2005515022A JP 4699902 B2 JP4699902 B2 JP 4699902B2
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- calcium phosphate
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- 239000004068 calcium phosphate ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 22
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 21
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- 102000007350 Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 8
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
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- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000011164 ossification Effects 0.000 description 3
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002558 Curdlan Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 1
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- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SYELZBGXAIXKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyldimethylamine N-oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)[O-] SYELZBGXAIXKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002114 octoxynol-9 Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Dermatology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Description
(1) 構造
図1は、リン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体の断面を概略的に示す。図1に示すように、リン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体は、母材1と、母材1の壁面に形成された三次元ナノトンネル層2とからなる。このように母材1と、三次元ナノトンネル層2とを有するリン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体は、後述する本発明のリン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体の製造方法により作製することができる。
(a) 母材
母材を構成するリン酸カルシウムのCa / P原子数比は、1.0〜1.7であるのが好ましい。Ca / P原子数比がこの範囲でないと、リン酸カルシウムセラミックスの結晶構造が維持され難い。リン酸カルシウムの好ましい例は、ハイドロキシアパタイトである。
三次元ナノトンネル層のCa / P原子数比は母材と同程度であるか、それより小さいのが好ましい。三次元ナノトンネル層のCa / P原子数比が母材と同程度であると、リン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体を生体内に埋入しても比較的安定である。生体内で安定なリン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体は、比較的長期間に渡って支持体として機能し得る。Ca / P原子数比が母材と同程度とは、母材のCa / P原子数比の95〜105%であることを示す。
(1) 母材の作製
多孔質リン酸カルシウムを母材として使用し、リン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体を作製する方法を例として以下説明する。母材は一般的な方法で作製することができる。ハイドロキシアパタイト粉体、水溶性高分子化合物及び非イオン性界面活性剤を原料とする場合を例にとって、母材の製造方法を説明する。ハイドロキシアパタイト粉体は、平均粒径100 nm以下の一次粒子からなる二次粒子であって、0.5〜80μmの平均粒径(二次粒径)を有するのが好ましい。また後述する三次元ナノトンネル層用のスラリーの原料と同じものを使用するのが好ましい。
リン酸カルシウムの微粒子に水を加えて撹拌し、三次元ナノトンネル層用スラリーとする。三次元ナノトンネル層用スラリーは、単分散又は単分散に近い状態であるのが好ましい。スラリーが単分散又は単分散に近い状態でないと、スラリー中に大小の粒子があるので、均一な厚さ及びナノトンネル径を有する三次元ナノトンネル層を得られ難い。
三次元ナノトンネル層用スラリーに母材を浸漬する。三次元ナノトンネル層用スラリー中に母材全体が浸漬した状態にするのが好ましい。三次元ナノトンネル層用スラリーに母材を浸漬した状態でスラリーを減圧脱泡すると、スラリー中のリン酸カルシウム微粒子が母材の壁面に十分に付着する。三次元ナノトンネル層用スラリー中のリン酸カルシウム微粒子は十分に小さいので、母材の細孔内に入り込んで母材の壁面に付着する。このように、母材を浸漬した状態で三次元ナノトンネル層用スラリーを脱泡することによって、母材の細孔壁面に、三次元ナノトンネル層が形成する。
三次元ナノトンネル層が形成したリン酸カルシウム多孔体を乾燥する。乾燥は水分が沸騰しない程度の高温(例えば80℃以上100℃未満)で行うのが好ましい。水分が沸騰すると、三次元ナノトンネル層にひび割れが生じやすいので好ましくない。
三次元ナノトンネル層が形成したリン酸カルシウム多孔体を乾燥した後、熱処理する。熱処理により三次元ナノトンネル層が母材の壁面に結合する。熱処理温度は600〜900℃とするのが好ましい。熱処理温度が600℃未満であると、三次元ナノトンネル層が母材に十分に密着し難過ぎる。熱処理温度を高くするほど三次元ナノトンネル層と母材との結合を強くすることができるが、熱処理温度が900℃超であると、リン酸カルシウム粒子同士が融着し過ぎて緻密化してしまい、三次元ナノトンネル構造が失われる。
(1) 多孔質ハイドロキシアパタイト焼結体の作製
湿式合成によりハイドロキシアパタイトを作製し、スプレードライヤーで造粒乾燥した。次いでハイドロキシアパタイト粒子を700℃で仮焼し、粉砕した。得られたハイドロキシアパタイト粉体の比表面積は、50 m2/gであった。ハイドロキシアパタイト粉体(平均粒径:10μm)のうち120 質量部をメチルセルロース[和光純薬工業株式会社製、粘度:4000 cps(2質量%水溶液にして20℃で測定。)]の1質量%水溶液320 質量部中に入れ、脂肪酸アルカノールアミド系界面活性剤[N,N-ジメチルドデシルアミンオキサイド、AROMOX(商標)、ライオン株式会社製]10質量部(固形分基準)を添加した。このハイドロキシアパタイト粉体、メチルセルロース及び脂肪酸アルカノールアミド系界面活性剤を含有するスラリーをホモジナイザー[エスエムテー株式会社製、PA92]に投入した。スラリーの温度を10℃に保ちながら、60 W/Lの攪拌力(攪拌時の実際の出力)でスラリーを5分間強く攪拌し、起泡させた。
実施例1工程(1) のハイドロキシアパタイト焼結体の製造に用いた原料と同じハイドロキシアパタイトを粉砕して平均粒径80 nmの微粒子とした。得られたハイドロキシアパタイト微粒子のc軸長は50〜100 nmであり、a軸長は10〜50 nmであり、比表面積は50〜80 m2/gであった。ハイドロキシアパタイト微粒子から1.0 gを量りとったものに、固形分濃度が2.0質量%となるように水を加えて撹拌し、三次元ナノトンネル層用アパタイトスラリーとした。このアパタイトスラリーにハイドロキシアパタイト焼結体を浸漬し、5分間減圧脱泡を行った。
実施例1の工程(1) で作製したハイドロキシアパタイト焼結体のSEM写真を図4に示す。SEM写真から、比較例1のハイドロキシアパタイト焼結体の表面には、三次元ナノトンネル層が形成していないことが分かった。
Claims (7)
- 母材と、前記母材の壁面に形成された三次元ナノトンネル層とを有するリン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体であって、
前記三次元ナノトンネル層中には複数のナノトンネルが形成されており、前記ナノトンネルは三次元的に連結した構造を有し、
前記母材が細孔を有し、前記細孔の壁面に前記三次元ナノトンネル層が形成しており、
前記ナノトンネル層の厚さは20〜300 nmであり、
前記ナノトンネルの少なくとも一部は前記母材の細孔に連通する開口部を有しており、前記開口部の平均直径は1〜200 nmであり、
前記母材及び前記三次元ナノトンネル層はリン酸カルシウムからなることを特徴とする多孔体。 - 請求項1に記載のリン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体において、前記三次元ナノトンネル層が前記細孔の壁面の5〜100%に形成されていることを特徴とする多孔体。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のリン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体において、前記母材の気孔率が40〜98%であることを特徴とする多孔体。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のリン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体において、前記三次元ナノトンネル層のCa / P原子数比は、前記母材のCa / P原子数比と同程度であるか、それより小さいことを特徴とする多孔体。
- 三次元ナノトンネル層を有するリン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体の製造方法であって、平均粒径10 nm〜5μmのリン酸カルシウム微粒子に分散剤及び水を固形分濃度が0.1〜5質量%となるように加えて一緒に攪拌して単分散又は単分散に近い状態のスラリーを作成し、前記スラリーにリン酸カルシウムからなる細孔を有する母材を浸漬し、前記スラリーを減圧脱泡し、前記リン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体を水の沸点より低い温度で乾燥した後、600〜900℃で熱処理することを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項5に記載のリン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体の製造方法において、前記リン酸カルシウム微粒子はc軸長10〜200 nm、a軸長1〜100 nm、比表面積30〜300 m2/gであることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項5又は6に記載のリン酸カルシウムセラミックス多孔体の製造方法において、前記リン酸カルシウム微粒子としてリン酸カルシウムの単結晶を用いることを特徴とする方法。
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US10018613B2 (en) | 2006-11-16 | 2018-07-10 | General Electric Company | Sensing system and method for analyzing a fluid at an industrial site |
US10914698B2 (en) | 2006-11-16 | 2021-02-09 | General Electric Company | Sensing method and system |
JP2009268685A (ja) * | 2008-05-07 | 2009-11-19 | Hoya Corp | アパタイト/コラーゲン複合体で被覆してなる人工骨、及びその製造方法 |
US7911345B2 (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2011-03-22 | General Electric Company | Methods and systems for calibration of RFID sensors |
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