JP4697770B2 - 炭素材料及びそれを用いた非水電解液二次電池 - Google Patents
炭素材料及びそれを用いた非水電解液二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4697770B2 JP4697770B2 JP2004250150A JP2004250150A JP4697770B2 JP 4697770 B2 JP4697770 B2 JP 4697770B2 JP 2004250150 A JP2004250150 A JP 2004250150A JP 2004250150 A JP2004250150 A JP 2004250150A JP 4697770 B2 JP4697770 B2 JP 4697770B2
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- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title claims description 69
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004435 EPR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 28
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 14
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001362 electron spin resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 lithium hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011294 coal tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021469 graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000686 lactone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012887 quadratic function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
(1)電子スピン共鳴法により、23±1℃においてXバンドで測定された、g値が2.0のピークから算出されたスピン濃度が、1×1015[spins/g]以上、1×1017[spins/g]以下、かつ、
(2)ラマン分光法により、23±1℃においてHe−Neレーザー(波長632.8nm)を光源として測定された、ラマンスペクトルの波数1300cm−1から1400cm−1の範囲のピーク強度(ID)と波数1550cm−1から1650cm−1の範囲のピーク強度(IG)の比(R値=ID/IG)が、0.95以上、2.0以下、
であることを特徴とし、非水電解液二次電池に負極活物質として用いる炭素材料である。
TPD−MSスペクトル測定におけるCO2の発生速度曲線の最大値が250℃から450℃の範囲にある場合、低温焼成炭素表面の官能基は水酸基やカルボキシル基など活性水素を含有する官能基の比率が大きい。これら活性水素は容易に低温焼成炭素表面近傍のリチウム層間化合物と反応し不活性化させる。該最大値が600℃から800℃の範囲にある場合、2基のカルボキシル基の脱水縮合物やラクトン環など活性水素を含有しない官能基の比率が大きい。このため、リチウム層間化合物は不活性化しにくく、特に45℃から80℃におけるサイクル特性において好ましい効果を奏していると推定することができる。
リチウムイオン吸蔵反応(充電):電流1.2mA、カットオフ電圧0.01V(Li/Li+)、充電時間8時間、
リチウムイオン放出反応(放電):電流1.2mA、カットオフ電圧1.5V(Li/Li+)
の条件で電池反応を行い、各充放電ごとに、充電容量及び放電容量を測定した。該充放電を10回繰り返し、初回の放電容量と10回目の放電容量の比(常温サイクル特性)を算出した。常温サイクル特性の結果を表1に示す。
充電:電流約0.3mA、カットオフ電圧4.2V、充電時間10時間、
放電:電流約0.3mA、カットオフ電圧2.5V
の条件で、充放電させた以外は、実施例1と同様にして常温サイクル特性を測定した。さらに、45℃において、1サイクルを
充電:電流約2mA、カットオフ電圧4.2V、充電時間2時間、
放電:電流約2mA、カットオフ電圧2.5V
の条件で50サイクルさせた。45℃における1サイクル目の放電容量と50サイクル目の放電容量との比(高温サイクル特性)を求めた。
常温サイクル特性及び高温サイクル特性の結果を表1に示す。
Claims (4)
- 炭素含有量95%以上の石油コークスを原料とし、
(1)電子スピン共鳴法により、23±1℃においてXバンドで測定された、g値が2.0のピークから算出されたスピン濃度が、1×1015[spins/g]以上、1×1017[spins/g]以下、及び
(2)ラマン分光法により、23±1℃においてHe‐Neレーザー(波長632.8nm)を光源として測定された、ラマンスペクトルの波数1300cm-1から1400cm-1の範囲のピーク強度(ID)と波数1550cm-1から1650cm-1の範囲のピーク強度(IG)の比(R値=ID/IG)が、0.95以上、2.0以下、
である、非水電解液二次電池に負極活物質として用いる、低温焼成した炭素材料。
- ヘリウム雰囲気中、室温から1000℃の範囲で測定された昇温脱離質量スペクトル(TPD−MSスペクトル)における、CO2の発生速度曲線が、600℃から800℃の範囲に最大値を持つ請求項1に記載の炭素材料。
- BET法により測定された比表面積が、1m2/g以上、20m2/g以下である請求項1または2に記載の炭素材料。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載された炭素材料から成る負極活物質を用いた非水電解液二次電池。
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JP2004250150A JP4697770B2 (ja) | 2004-08-30 | 2004-08-30 | 炭素材料及びそれを用いた非水電解液二次電池 |
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JP2004250150A JP4697770B2 (ja) | 2004-08-30 | 2004-08-30 | 炭素材料及びそれを用いた非水電解液二次電池 |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2006066334A JP2006066334A (ja) | 2006-03-09 |
JP4697770B2 true JP4697770B2 (ja) | 2011-06-08 |
Family
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JP (1) | JP4697770B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5216285B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-18 | 2013-06-19 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池負極用非晶質炭素材料及びその製造方法 |
JP5270906B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-08 | 2013-08-21 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池負極材料用原料炭組成物及びその製造方法 |
JP5469347B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-21 | 2014-04-16 | 新日鉄住金化学株式会社 | リチウム二次電池負極活物質の製造方法 |
JP5463772B2 (ja) | 2008-07-30 | 2014-04-09 | 住友化学株式会社 | ナトリウム二次電池 |
CN102265436B (zh) | 2008-12-26 | 2014-01-22 | 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 | 锂离子二次电池负极材料用的原料油组合物 |
JP5657348B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-04 | 2015-01-21 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池負極用炭素材料およびそれを使用した非水系二次電池 |
JP5561225B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-30 | 2014-07-30 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用炭素材、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP2013109896A (ja) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-06-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | 電極材料及び電極材料の製造方法 |
WO2016088880A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-06-09 | デンカ株式会社 | 電極用導電性組成物、非水系電池用電極及び非水系電池 |
WO2018182048A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 固体高分子形燃料電池の触媒担体用炭素材料及びその製造方法 |
KR102344175B1 (ko) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-12-29 | 한국과학기술원 | 고밀도 탄소결함구조를 함유하는 이차전지용 전극 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN114551829B (zh) * | 2022-02-10 | 2024-08-30 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 一种负极材料及含有该负极材料的锂离子电池 |
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JP2003272624A (ja) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-26 | Tdk Corp | 炭素材料およびその製造方法ならびに電池 |
JP2004134244A (ja) * | 2002-10-10 | 2004-04-30 | Jfe Chemical Corp | 黒鉛質粒子、リチウムイオン二次電池、そのための負極材料および負極 |
JP2004207252A (ja) * | 2004-03-05 | 2004-07-22 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 非水溶媒二次電池用負極材料 |
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