JP4680767B2 - 2層のインナーライナーを備えたタイヤ - Google Patents
2層のインナーライナーを備えたタイヤ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4680767B2 JP4680767B2 JP2005374270A JP2005374270A JP4680767B2 JP 4680767 B2 JP4680767 B2 JP 4680767B2 JP 2005374270 A JP2005374270 A JP 2005374270A JP 2005374270 A JP2005374270 A JP 2005374270A JP 4680767 B2 JP4680767 B2 JP 4680767B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- inner liner
- tire
- green
- layer
- liner layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001821 foam rubber Polymers 0.000 description 6
- MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N2CN(N=O)CN1CN(N=O)C2 MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 bromobutyl Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005557 bromobutyl Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000233805 Phoenix Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical compound NNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/08—Building tyres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C5/00—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes
- B60C5/12—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim
- B60C5/14—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim with impervious liner or coating on the inner wall of the tyre
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C19/00—Tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for
- B60C19/002—Noise damping elements provided in the tyre structure or attached thereto, e.g. in the tyre interior
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S521/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S521/918—Physical aftertreatment of a cellular product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
- Y10T156/1056—Perforating lamina
- Y10T156/1057—Subsequent to assembly of laminae
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tyre Moulding (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
Description
「カーカス」は、ベルト構造、トレッド、アンダートレッド、およびプライの上のサイドウォールラバーを除くが、ビードを含むタイヤ構造を意味する。
12 カーカス
13 トレッド
14 インナーライナー
16 第1のインナーライナー層
18 第2のインナーライナー層
19 最も内側の表面
20 空気室
Claims (3)
- カーカスと、前記カーカスの内面に接合されたインナーライナーと、を有し、前記インナーライナーは、前記カーカスに隣接している、非発泡ゴムからなる第1のインナーライナー層と、タイヤの最も内側の表面を形成する、発泡多孔ゴムからなる第2のインナーライナー層と、を含む2層構造を有し、発泡多孔ゴムからなる前記第2のインナーライナー層は、硬化によって分解して窒素ガスを放出する窒素放出発泡剤を有する化合物から硬化させられ、前記第2のインナーライナー層は、前記最も内側の表面に物理的に形成された、平均直径が50〜250μmの複数の空洞を有している開放セル構造を持っている、空気入りタイヤ。
- 空気入りタイヤを製造する方法であって、
発泡剤を含有せずに第1のゴム化合物を有している第1のグリーンインナーライナー層をグリーンタイヤカーカス上に組み立て、かつ、第2のゴム化合物および分散させられた窒素放出発泡剤を有している第2のグリーンインナーライナー層を前記第1のグリーンインナーライナー層上に組み立てて、グリーンタイヤアセンブリを形成することと、
前記第2のグリーンインナーライナー層が硬化金型の表面から最も遠くなるように、前記グリーンタイヤアセンブリを該硬化金型内に配置することと、
硬化ブラダを前記第2のグリーンインナーライナー層に向かって膨張させ、前記硬化金型に加硫温度を加えながら前記グリーンタイヤアセンブリを前記硬化金型の表面に押し付け、前記第2のグリーンインナーライナー層内の前記発泡剤の分解によって窒素ガスが放出されて、タイヤカーカスに隣接している非発泡の第1のインナーライナー層と、前記タイヤの最も内側の表面にある発泡した第2のインナーライナー層と、を有している硬化したタイヤアセンブリを形成することと、
前記硬化ブラダを収縮させ、かつ前記硬化ブラダを前記発泡した第2のインナーライナー層から剥がすことと、
最も内側の表面を物理的に部分的に改変して開いた複数の空洞を形成することによって、前記発泡した第2のインナーライナー層に開いたセル構造を形成することと、
を含む、空気入りタイヤを製造する方法。 - 前記改変を、最も内側の表面をナイフで切って前記発泡した第2のインナーライナー層のセル構造を開くこと、またはレーザで前記最も内側の表面に穴をあけることによって行う、請求項2に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/027,409 US7389802B2 (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2004-12-30 | Tire with double layer innerliner |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006188218A JP2006188218A (ja) | 2006-07-20 |
JP2006188218A5 JP2006188218A5 (ja) | 2009-01-15 |
JP4680767B2 true JP4680767B2 (ja) | 2011-05-11 |
Family
ID=35892254
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005374270A Expired - Fee Related JP4680767B2 (ja) | 2004-12-30 | 2005-12-27 | 2層のインナーライナーを備えたタイヤ |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7389802B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1676722B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4680767B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101192530B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1796157B (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0505779A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602005014730D1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7694707B2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2010-04-13 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Tire with integral foamed noise damper |
FR2895312B1 (fr) * | 2005-12-23 | 2009-11-27 | Michelin Soc Tech | Chambre mousse de grande dimension pour pneumatique. |
JP4891727B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-11 | 2012-03-07 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤの製造方法 |
ATE537979T1 (de) * | 2006-12-06 | 2012-01-15 | Bridgestone Corp | Druckluftreifen und verfahren zur herstellung desselben |
WO2009086453A2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-09 | Bridgestone Corporation | Silica containing black sidewall compounds and tires comprising same |
JP4636126B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-17 | 2011-02-23 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤの製造方法 |
US20100071820A1 (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-03-25 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Tire and noise reducer |
JP2010137820A (ja) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-24 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | 空気入りタイヤ及びその製造方法 |
FR2950837B1 (fr) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-11-11 | Hutchinson | Dispositif anti-crevaison pour ensemble monte non pneumatique de vehicule a deux roues, et cet ensemble monte l'incorporant |
FR2952645B1 (fr) | 2009-10-27 | 2011-12-16 | Michelin Soc Tech | Bandage pneumatique dont la paroi interne est pourvue d'une couche de caoutchouc thermo-expansible |
US20120073717A1 (en) * | 2010-09-24 | 2012-03-29 | Giorgio Agostini | Method for making pneumatic tire with foam noise damper |
JP6154984B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-22 | 2017-06-28 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 未加硫タイヤ及び空気入りタイヤ |
JP6232738B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-10 | 2017-11-22 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
US9090128B2 (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2015-07-28 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Wheel assembly for a vehicle and a method of manufacturing the wheel assembly |
US9302537B2 (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2016-04-05 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Noise suppression device for a wheel assembly |
CN106170400B (zh) * | 2014-04-09 | 2019-04-02 | 株式会社普利司通 | 充气轮胎 |
JP6342691B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-14 | 2018-06-13 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 空気入りタイヤ |
CN104139594B (zh) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-08-24 | 双钱集团(江苏)轮胎有限公司 | 一种工程车轮胎内衬层加工方法及其专用针刺压辊 |
CN107000510B (zh) * | 2014-11-13 | 2019-09-06 | 株式会社普利司通 | 包括吸音用泡沫材料的轮胎 |
ITUB20159288A1 (it) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-23 | Pirelli | Processo ed apparato per applicare elementi riduttori di rumore a pneumatici per ruote di veicoli |
JP6939777B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-22 | 2021-09-22 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
CN106193072B (zh) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-06-15 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | 止水胶囊及其制造方法 |
EP3354481A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 | 2018-08-01 | ARLANXEO Deutschland GmbH | Foamed sealing compounds |
US20210129599A1 (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2021-05-06 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Pneumatic tyre |
WO2019039180A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-02-28 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
US11760136B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2023-09-19 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Tire with multi-layer insert |
KR102147517B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-08-25 | 한국타이어앤테크놀로지 주식회사 | 실란트층 및 흡음재층을 포함하는 타이어 |
US20220258546A1 (en) * | 2021-02-15 | 2022-08-18 | Triangle Tyre Co. Ltd. | Tires with Intrinsic Cellular Noise Damper |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63154410A (ja) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-27 | Bridgestone Corp | 低騒音化した空気入りタイヤ及びその製法 |
JPH02127101A (ja) * | 1988-11-04 | 1990-05-15 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | 空気入りタイヤ |
JPH04254203A (ja) * | 1991-02-05 | 1992-09-09 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | 空気入りタイヤ |
JPH0640206A (ja) * | 1992-07-21 | 1994-02-15 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JPH07228726A (ja) * | 1994-02-16 | 1995-08-29 | Bridgestone Corp | タイヤ用発泡ゴム組成物 |
JP2003285607A (ja) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-07 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | 空気入りタイヤ |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3143155A (en) | 1961-05-29 | 1964-08-04 | Firestone Tire & Rubber Co | Tire |
US3100518A (en) | 1962-02-07 | 1963-08-13 | Dresser Richard | Pneumatic safety tire construction |
DE2040898A1 (de) | 1970-08-18 | 1972-02-24 | Heinrich Kunel | Fahrzeugbereifung mit Schallschutz |
US4161202A (en) | 1973-06-18 | 1979-07-17 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Puncture sealing tire |
US4186042A (en) | 1973-06-18 | 1980-01-29 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Puncture sealing tire |
US4210187A (en) | 1978-06-14 | 1980-07-01 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tire having self-sealing feature |
DE3016255A1 (de) | 1980-04-26 | 1981-10-29 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Gasgefuellter fahrzeugreifen |
DE3042350C2 (de) | 1980-11-10 | 1987-02-26 | Robert Dr. 6901 Wiesenbach Böhm | Fahrzeugluftreifen |
US4781774A (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1988-11-01 | United Technologies Automotive, Inc. | Method of manufacturing foam core panels for sound absorption |
JPS63291708A (ja) | 1987-05-26 | 1988-11-29 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP2895953B2 (ja) | 1990-11-13 | 1999-05-31 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
US5368082A (en) | 1992-09-30 | 1994-11-29 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Radial ply pneumatic tire |
US5851323A (en) | 1995-03-24 | 1998-12-22 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneumatic tire with air permeation preventive layer |
US6105642A (en) | 1998-03-30 | 2000-08-22 | Carson; Wayne E. | Protective liner for bicycle tires |
US6720362B1 (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2004-04-13 | The Dow Chemical Company | Perforated foams |
HUP0204552A2 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2003-05-28 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Acoustic absorption polymer foam having improved thermal insulating performance |
-
2004
- 2004-12-30 US US11/027,409 patent/US7389802B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-12-19 BR BRPI0505779-5A patent/BRPI0505779A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-12-22 DE DE602005014730T patent/DE602005014730D1/de active Active
- 2005-12-22 EP EP05112691A patent/EP1676722B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-27 JP JP2005374270A patent/JP4680767B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-30 CN CN2005100033665A patent/CN1796157B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-30 KR KR1020050134677A patent/KR101192530B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63154410A (ja) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-27 | Bridgestone Corp | 低騒音化した空気入りタイヤ及びその製法 |
JPH02127101A (ja) * | 1988-11-04 | 1990-05-15 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | 空気入りタイヤ |
JPH04254203A (ja) * | 1991-02-05 | 1992-09-09 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | 空気入りタイヤ |
JPH0640206A (ja) * | 1992-07-21 | 1994-02-15 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JPH07228726A (ja) * | 1994-02-16 | 1995-08-29 | Bridgestone Corp | タイヤ用発泡ゴム組成物 |
JP2003285607A (ja) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-07 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | 空気入りタイヤ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1676722A1 (en) | 2006-07-05 |
US7389802B2 (en) | 2008-06-24 |
CN1796157A (zh) | 2006-07-05 |
US20060144496A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
JP2006188218A (ja) | 2006-07-20 |
BRPI0505779A (pt) | 2006-09-19 |
KR101192530B1 (ko) | 2012-10-17 |
EP1676722B1 (en) | 2009-06-03 |
DE602005014730D1 (de) | 2009-07-16 |
KR20060079120A (ko) | 2006-07-05 |
CN1796157B (zh) | 2012-12-05 |
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