JP4624190B2 - バサルト繊維の製造方法 - Google Patents
バサルト繊維の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4624190B2 JP4624190B2 JP2005178861A JP2005178861A JP4624190B2 JP 4624190 B2 JP4624190 B2 JP 4624190B2 JP 2005178861 A JP2005178861 A JP 2005178861A JP 2005178861 A JP2005178861 A JP 2005178861A JP 4624190 B2 JP4624190 B2 JP 4624190B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 title description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001751 gemstone Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000789 Aluminium-silicon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 Si 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004033 diameter control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052655 plagioclase feldspar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052611 pyroxene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/24—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using sound-absorbing materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/16—Selection of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
- F01N2310/02—Mineral wool, e.g. glass wool, rock wool, asbestos or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/603—Including strand or fiber material precoated with other than free metal or alloy
- Y10T442/605—Strand or fiber material is inorganic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/643—Including parallel strand or fiber material within the nonwoven fabric
- Y10T442/645—Parallel strand or fiber material is inorganic [e.g., rock wool, mineral wool, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/69—Autogenously bonded nonwoven fabric
- Y10T442/691—Inorganic strand or fiber material only
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
(1)SiO2、Al2O3、CaOを主成分とする市販のガラス繊維は排気系の高温(〜800℃)ガスに暴露されると吸音特性・耐久性に問題が発生する。
(2)SiO2、Si2O3、MgOを主成分とする市販のガラス繊維は排気系の高温(〜830℃)ガスに暴露されると吸音特性・耐久性に問題が発生する。
(3)市販のガラス長繊維は高コストである。
(4)上記(1)〜(3)を解決するため天然原料を用いたバサルト繊維の適用が検討されている。代表例としてAl2O3量はほぼ同程度であるがSiO2量の多い原石(高温度用(A))と、SiO2量が少ない原石(中温度用(B))の2種のバサルト繊維が組成も安定し、大量に入手可能である。原石(B)を原料としたバサルト繊維の繊維化は可能であるが750℃以上の温度領域で耐熱性に問題があり、原石(A)を用いた場合は繊維の量産時のエネルギー費が上昇する。
(5)以上より、高耐熱性・低コスト・高耐久性を満足する吸音用ガラス繊維や自動車用断熱部品材料が入手できない。
(1)完全なガラス相から一部結晶化が進行し、またCa−Si−O系の低融点結晶相の生成によって繊維同士が固着するため見かけの繊維径が単繊維径の数倍になって固化するため可撓性が失われる。
(2)完全なガラス相からすべて結晶相のみとなり、可撓性が失われる。
(3)市販ガラス繊維はガラスの網目形成体(Network Former)と網目修飾体(Network Modfier)となる酸化物原料を所定の組成になるように混合してから高温で溶融させるため、原料費大、混粉工程を要する、原料の溶融温度が高い等の理由から製造コストが高い。
(4)バサルト繊維は天然原料を使用するため製造コストは市販ガラス繊維と比べて低い。しかし原石(中温度用(B))はSiO2が少ないため、高温溶融物の粘性が低く、20mμ以下の繊維径を有する長繊維の製造が可能であるが、750℃以上でガラス相が結晶化するため耐熱性に劣る。一方原石(高温度用(A))は〜850℃において結晶化は一部進行するものの、ガラス相も残存するため高耐熱性であるが、高温の粘性が高く、量産時において溶融温度を高くする必要があり、その結果、エネルギー費の増大となる。
(1)前記酸化物の添加が1成分であり、その添加量が、該玄武岩100wt%に対して外添加で1.0〜40wt%、望ましくは10〜30wt%である。
(2)前記酸化物が2成分であり、その添加量の合計が、該玄武岩100wt%に対して外添加で1.0〜70wt%、望ましくは10〜60wt%である。
(3)前記酸化物が3成分以上であり、その添加量の合計が、該玄武岩100wt%に対して外添加で1.0〜60wt%、望ましくは10〜50wt%である。
第3に、本発明は、上記のバサルト繊維材料からなる耐熱性吸音材料である。
第4に、本発明は、上記のバサルト繊維材料を耐熱性吸音材料として備えたマフラーである。
(1)炉の改修をする場合にある1部の生産を止めるという対応が可能である。例えば、複数炉存在すれば、定期的に炉を改修し、尚且つ生産を続けることが可能である、
(2)少ロットの生産にも対応が可能であり、尚且つ原料材質の違うものを生産することが可能である、
という長所がある。
η=GW/v
となる。ここで、G=装置定数、W=負荷荷重、v=Pt坩堝の引き下げ速度である。
[実施例]
図1に示す長繊維の製造装置を用い、玄武岩系の種々の原料を用いて長繊維を製造した。用いた玄武岩は、(1)玄武岩(高温度用(A))、(2)玄武岩(中温度用(B))、(3)玄武岩(高温度用(A))に1成分、2成分、3成分系酸化物を添加した玄武岩原料、(4)玄武岩(高温度用(A))および玄武岩(中温度用(B))の混合玄武岩を原料、(5)玄武岩(高温度用(A))および玄武岩(中温度用(B))の混合玄武岩に他の酸化物を添加した原料である。これら原料をホッパーから投入し、ガス炉で所定温度に保持した炉内で溶融させる。玄武岩のサイズは数mm〜数十mmあるいはμm〜数mmのもので良い。原料の投入速度と白金ブッシュから繊維として取り出す量を一定にし、溶融物の液面を常に一定にする必要がある。断熱炉材は種々の組成のもので良い。ただし溶融物との反応や溶融物による腐食の少ない材料を用いることが必要である。混合原料を用いる場合はあらかじめ混合したもの、あるいは複数のホッパーを用いて所定組成になるよう分割投入しても構わない。得られた繊維の外観、形態を観察したところ、茶色がかった透明な長繊維であった。
Claims (4)
- 玄武岩を原料とし、該玄武岩を粉砕する工程と、該粉砕物を洗浄する工程と、該洗浄物を溶融する工程と、該溶融物を繊維化する工程と、該繊維を引き揃え、巻き取る工程とからなり、
該溶融する工程における前記溶融物の温度が1530〜1550℃であり、且つ前記溶融物の粘度をηとするとlogηが2.15〜2.35dPa・sであり、
前記繊維を引き揃え、巻き取る工程において、前記溶融物を引っ張って長繊維にするものであり、この引っ張りの際の引っ張り速度によって、15〜20μmの繊維径の長繊維にすることを特徴とするバサルト長繊維の製造方法。 - 前記玄武岩原料が、高温度用玄武岩原石(A)、中温度用玄武岩原石(B)、及び高温度用玄武岩原石(A)と中温度用玄武岩原石(B)との混合物から選択されるものであり、高温度用玄武岩原石(A)は、中温度用玄武岩原石(B)に比べて、Al2O3量はほぼ同程度であり、SiO2量の多い原石であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のバサルト長繊維の製造方法。
- 前記玄武岩原料にAl2O3、SiO2、CaO、MgOから選択される酸化物の1種以上を添加したことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のバサルト長繊維の製造方法。
- 前記溶融物を繊維化する工程において、所定の温度で完全溶融させた溶融物を白金ブッシュ底部に設けた孔から落下する溶融物を繊維化し、前記繊維を引き揃え、巻き取る工程において、引張り速度として繊維化した繊維を巻き取る速度で、前記繊維径の範囲に前記長繊維の繊維径を調整することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載のバサルト長繊維の製造方法。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005178861A JP4624190B2 (ja) | 2005-06-20 | 2005-06-20 | バサルト繊維の製造方法 |
CN2006100930453A CN1884164B (zh) | 2005-06-20 | 2006-06-19 | 用于制造玄武岩纤维的方法 |
KR1020060055086A KR100773163B1 (ko) | 2005-06-20 | 2006-06-19 | 내열성 흡음재료 및 이를 포함하는 머플러 |
US11/454,842 US8037719B2 (en) | 2005-06-20 | 2006-06-19 | Method for manufacturing basalt fiber |
EP20060253154 EP1736449B9 (en) | 2005-06-20 | 2006-06-19 | Method for manufacturing basalt fiber and obtained basalt fiber |
US13/137,845 US8501643B2 (en) | 2005-06-20 | 2011-09-16 | Method for manufacturing basalt fiber |
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JP2005178861A JP4624190B2 (ja) | 2005-06-20 | 2005-06-20 | バサルト繊維の製造方法 |
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JP2006347845A JP2006347845A (ja) | 2006-12-28 |
JP4624190B2 true JP4624190B2 (ja) | 2011-02-02 |
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US (2) | US8037719B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1736449B9 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4624190B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100773163B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1884164B (ja) |
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AU2006344070B2 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2012-04-19 | Viktor F. Kibol | Composition and method for producing continuous basalt fibre |
JP4857151B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-08 | 2012-01-18 | 日本ピラー工業株式会社 | グランドパッキン |
RU2452696C2 (ru) * | 2008-04-29 | 2012-06-10 | Виктор Федорович КИБОЛ | Способ производства волокон из горных пород и установка для его осуществления "модуль кибол-гранула" |
JP5160340B2 (ja) * | 2008-08-18 | 2013-03-13 | 佐藤工業株式会社 | 水浄化システム及び水浄化方法 |
JP2011089420A (ja) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-05-06 | Nakagawa Sangyo Kk | 車両排気管用保温体およびその製造方法 |
US8707739B2 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2014-04-29 | Johns Manville | Apparatus, systems and methods for conditioning molten glass |
US8997525B2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2015-04-07 | Johns Manville | Systems and methods for making foamed glass using submerged combustion |
US8707740B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2014-04-29 | Johns Manville | Submerged combustion glass manufacturing systems and methods |
US10322960B2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2019-06-18 | Johns Manville | Controlling foam in apparatus downstream of a melter by adjustment of alkali oxide content in the melter |
US9032760B2 (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2015-05-19 | Johns Manville | Process of using a submerged combustion melter to produce hollow glass fiber or solid glass fiber having entrained bubbles, and burners and systems to make such fibers |
US9021838B2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2015-05-05 | Johns Manville | Systems and methods for glass manufacturing |
US8650914B2 (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2014-02-18 | Johns Manville | Methods and apparatus for recycling glass products using submerged combustion |
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EP1736449A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
KR20060133483A (ko) | 2006-12-26 |
US8501643B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 |
US8037719B2 (en) | 2011-10-18 |
EP1736449B9 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
US20070000721A1 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
EP1736449B1 (en) | 2012-07-11 |
KR100773163B1 (ko) | 2007-11-02 |
US20120104306A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
CN1884164A (zh) | 2006-12-27 |
JP2006347845A (ja) | 2006-12-28 |
CN1884164B (zh) | 2012-03-21 |
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