JP4537809B2 - カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料、カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合硬化材料、カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合炭化材料、燃料電池用セパレータ、導電性樹脂組成物、電池用電極、電気二重層キャパシター - Google Patents
カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料、カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合硬化材料、カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合炭化材料、燃料電池用セパレータ、導電性樹脂組成物、電池用電極、電気二重層キャパシター Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4537809B2 JP4537809B2 JP2004265910A JP2004265910A JP4537809B2 JP 4537809 B2 JP4537809 B2 JP 4537809B2 JP 2004265910 A JP2004265910 A JP 2004265910A JP 2004265910 A JP2004265910 A JP 2004265910A JP 4537809 B2 JP4537809 B2 JP 4537809B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- resin composite
- phenolic resin
- phenol resin
- composite material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 197
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 109
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 title claims description 93
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 87
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- OOJYPCDXFPWXFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].OC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C].OC1=CC=CC=C1 OOJYPCDXFPWXFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 abstract 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 47
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 p-substituted phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1O NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(O)=C1 TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007696 Kjeldahl method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UYVWNPAMKCDKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane Chemical compound C1OOCOO1 UYVWNPAMKCDKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trioxane Chemical compound C1OCOCO1 BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCNMALATRPXTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-ol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C)(O)C=C1 PCNMALATRPXTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004724 Iupiace Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YXVFYQXJAXKLAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-4-ol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YXVFYQXJAXKLAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYWGVEGHKGKUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.C=C.OC(O)=O MYWGVEGHKGKUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PVAONLSZTBKFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PVAONLSZTBKFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010746 mayonnaise Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008268 mayonnaise Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QBDSZLJBMIMQRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-Cumylphenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 QBDSZLJBMIMQRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKTOLZVEWDHZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cumyl phenol Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1 NKTOLZVEWDHZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011835 quiches Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Description
攪拌装置を備えた反応容器にフェノールを385質量部、37質量%のホルマリンを499質量部、ヘキサメチレンテトラミンを40質量部仕込み、さらにカーボン粉末として平均粒径が5μmの鱗片状黒鉛粉末を1918質量部、平均直径150nm、平均長さ15μm、アスペクト比が100の気相炭素繊維からなるカーボンナノファイバ(昭和電工株式会社製「VGCF」)を10質量部、水を2000質量部仕込み、これを攪拌しつつ60分を要して90℃まで昇温し、そのまま3時間反応を行なった。次に、これを冷却した後、濾別して乾燥することによって、粒状のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料(フェノール樹脂は未硬化)を得た。
鱗片状黒鉛粉末の仕込み量を1817質量部、カーボンナノファイバの仕込み量を111質量部に変更するようにした他は、実施例1と同様にして、粒状のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料(フェノール樹脂は未硬化)を得た。
37質量%のホルマリンの仕込み量を638質量部に変更し、ヘキサメチレンテトラミンの代りにトリエチルアミンを7.7質量部仕込むようにした他は、実施例1と同様にして、粒状のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料(フェノール樹脂は未硬化)を得た。このカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料の、フェノール樹脂含有率は14.9質量%、カーボン粉末含有率は84.6質量%、カーボンナノファイバの含有率は0.5質量%、フェノール樹脂中の窒素含有率は0.02質量%であった。
37質量%のホルマリンの仕込み量を638質量部に変更し、ヘキサメチレンテトラミンの代りにトリエチルアミンを7.7質量部仕込むようにした他は、実施例2と同様にして、粒状のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料(フェノール樹脂は未硬化)を得た。このカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料の、フェノール樹脂含有率は14.9質量%、カーボン粉末含有率は80.0質量%、カーボンナノファイバの含有率は5.1質量%、フェノール樹脂中の窒素含有率は0.02質量%であった。
カーボンナノファイバを用いず、鱗片状黒鉛粉末の仕込み量を1928質量部に変更した他は、実施例2と同様にして、粒状のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料(フェノール樹脂は未硬化)を得た。このカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料の、フェノール樹脂含有率は15.0質量%、カーボン粉末含有率は85.0質量%、フェノール樹脂中の窒素含有率は4.2質量%であった。
疎充填かさ密度(g/cm3)
=(試料の重量:g)/(試料容器の容量:100cm3)
また粒度の測定は、(株)飯田製作所製の振動ふるい器を用いて行なった。
実施例2で得たカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料をステンレス製バットに広げ、95℃の乾燥機中に48時間入れて加熱してフェノール樹脂を硬化させることによって、粒状のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合硬化材料を得た。
比較例1で得たカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料を用い、他は実施例5と同様にしてカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合硬化材料を得た。このカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合硬化材料を用いて、他は実施例5と同様にして導電性樹脂組成物を得た。
実施例5で得たカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合硬化粒子を、窒素ガス雰囲気中で2800℃まで昇温し、75時間焼成することによってフェノール樹脂を炭化させた。そしてこれを粉砕して粒径が10μm以下になるように粉砕し、カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合炭化材料を得た。
比較例2で得たカーボン・フェノール樹脂硬化材料を用い、他は実施例6と同様にしてカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合炭化材料を得た。このカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合炭化材料を用いて、他は実施例6と同様にして電極を作製した。
2 カーボンナノファイバ
3 フェノール樹脂層
Claims (9)
- フェノール類とアルデヒド類とを、カーボン粉末及びカーボンナノファイバと混合しつつ、反応触媒の存在下で付加縮合反応させることによって得られたカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料であって、粒径が0.1〜200μmのカーボン粉末の粒子に、カーボンナノファイバとフェノール樹脂からなる層が被覆され、この被覆層の外周からカーボンナノファイバの一部が突出したものであることを特徴とするカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料。
- カーボンナノファイバの直径は1000nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料。
- カーボンナノファイバの含有量が0.05質量%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料。
- 請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料のフェノール樹脂を硬化させたものであることを特徴とするカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合硬化材料。
- 請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料のフェノール樹脂を硬化させ、さらに非酸化性雰囲気で熱処理してフェノール樹脂を炭化させたものであることを特徴とするカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合炭化材料。
- 請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料によって、所定の流路パターンを備えた薄板状成形体に成形されたものであることを特徴とする燃料電池用セパレータ。
- 請求項4に記載のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合硬化材料と、請求項5のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合炭化材料の少なくとも一方を、導電性フィラーとして樹脂に配合して成ることを特徴とする導電性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項5に記載のカーボン・フェノール樹脂複合炭化材料を電極材料として用いて形成されたことを特徴とする電池用電極。
- 請求項8に記載の電極を用いて形成されたことを特徴とする電気二重層キャパシター。
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JP2006213755A (ja) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-17 | Showa Highpolymer Co Ltd | 粒状フェノール樹脂複合体及びその製造方法、並びに活性炭、分極性電極及び電気二重層キャパシタ |
JP5246729B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-21 | 2013-07-24 | リグナイト株式会社 | カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料の製造方法、カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合材料、カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合炭化材料、燃料電池用セパレータ、導電性樹脂組成物、二次電池用電極、電気二重層キャパシター |
KR100894481B1 (ko) * | 2007-04-16 | 2009-04-22 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 초극세 탄소 섬유에 축적한 금속산화물로 이루어진슈퍼커패시터용 전극 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP5118877B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-27 | 2013-01-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 二次電池 |
JP2009016265A (ja) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-22 | Showa Denko Kk | リチウム系電池用電極、リチウム系電池用電極の製造方法、リチウム系電池、及びリチウム系電池の製造方法 |
JP5058103B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-05 | 2012-10-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | カーボン凝結体成形原料及びカーボン凝結体成形品の製造方法 |
JP4884487B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-05 | 2012-02-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | カーボン凝結体成形材料及びカーボン凝結体成形品の製造方法 |
JP5391783B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-31 | 2014-01-15 | 戸田工業株式会社 | 燃料電池セパレータ用粒状導電性樹脂複合体粒子 |
CN103560247B (zh) * | 2013-11-08 | 2017-02-01 | 深圳市贝特瑞新能源材料股份有限公司 | 一种车载与储能用锂离子电池负极材料及其制备方法 |
KR101917931B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-11-13 | 동국대학교 산학협력단 | 레독스 플로우 전지용 바이폴라 플레이트의 제조방법 |
CN112071657A (zh) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-11 | 深圳市智越盛电子科技有限公司 | 一种碳材料-碳纳米纤维复合材料和双层电容器 |
WO2024048654A1 (ja) * | 2022-08-30 | 2024-03-07 | 三菱鉛筆株式会社 | 複合導電性フィラー粒子、導電性樹脂組成物、及び導電性樹脂成形体 |
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JP2000103610A (ja) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-11 | Showa Denko Kk | カーボン粉末及び炭素材料の製造法 |
JP2003308734A (ja) * | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-31 | Yuzo Tsunoda | 導電性樹脂材料及びその製造方法 |
JP2004083659A (ja) * | 2002-08-23 | 2004-03-18 | Lignyte Co Ltd | カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合成形材料及び燃料電池用セパレータ |
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JP2000103610A (ja) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-11 | Showa Denko Kk | カーボン粉末及び炭素材料の製造法 |
JP2003308734A (ja) * | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-31 | Yuzo Tsunoda | 導電性樹脂材料及びその製造方法 |
JP2004083659A (ja) * | 2002-08-23 | 2004-03-18 | Lignyte Co Ltd | カーボン・フェノール樹脂複合成形材料及び燃料電池用セパレータ |
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