JP4445264B2 - 自動車空調装置用暖房/冷房サイクル、空調装置、およびこの空調装置を制御するための方法 - Google Patents
自動車空調装置用暖房/冷房サイクル、空調装置、およびこの空調装置を制御するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4445264B2 JP4445264B2 JP2003557853A JP2003557853A JP4445264B2 JP 4445264 B2 JP4445264 B2 JP 4445264B2 JP 2003557853 A JP2003557853 A JP 2003557853A JP 2003557853 A JP2003557853 A JP 2003557853A JP 4445264 B2 JP4445264 B2 JP 4445264B2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 64
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
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- B60H1/3213—Control means therefor for increasing the efficiency in a vehicle heat pump
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
- B60H1/00914—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is a bypass of the condenser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
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- B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
- B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
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- F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00957—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising locations with heat exchange within the refrigerant circuit itself, e.g. cross-, counter-, or parallel heat exchange
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- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00961—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising means for defrosting outside heat exchangers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H2001/3236—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained
- B60H2001/3248—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained related to pressure
- B60H2001/3251—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained related to pressure of the refrigerant at a condensing unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H2001/3236—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained
- B60H2001/3255—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained related to temperature
- B60H2001/3258—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained related to temperature of the air at a condensing unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H2001/3236—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained
- B60H2001/3255—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained related to temperature
- B60H2001/326—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained related to temperature of the refrigerant at a condensing unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0403—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0409—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Description
14 蒸発器
16、20 暖房用熱交換器
22 外部熱交換器
24 圧縮機
26 冷媒受器
28、30 膨張部材
32、34、36、38、40、44 弁
42 内部熱交換器
L1〜L12 冷媒管路
T1 空気温度
T2 冷媒温度
Claims (23)
- 自動車用暖房/冷房サイクルであって、車室内に供給されるべき空気を冷却するための蒸発器(14)と、車室内に供給されるべき空気を加熱するための暖房用熱交換器(16)と、外部熱交換器(22)と、冷媒を移送するための圧縮機(24)と、蒸発器(14)に付設された第1膨張部材(28)と、外部熱交換器(22)に付設された第2膨張部材(30)と、前記構成要素を互いに結合する冷媒管路(L1〜L12)とを有し、
冷媒が暖房用熱交換器(16)を迂回することを可能にする遮断可能な暖房バイパス管路(L 12 )と、冷媒が蒸発器(14)および第1膨張部材(28)を迂回することを可能にする遮断可能な冷房バイパス管路(L 10 )とによって、除霜回路を接続することが可能であり、除霜回路が、圧縮機(24)と外部熱交換器(22)と第2膨張部材(30)とを含み、除霜回路が、暖房用熱交換器(16)と、蒸発器(14)と、第1膨張部材(28)とをバイパスしており、
除霜運転のとき、冷媒が、圧縮機(24)から管路(L1及びL12)を介して第2膨張部材(30)に送られ、そこで低い圧力に膨張されることを特徴とする、暖房/冷房サイクル。 - 外部熱交換器(22)が、単一の操作可能な熱交換器のみからなることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- 第2膨張部材(30)が、外部熱交換器(22)の上流に設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- 第2膨張部材(30)が、制御可能であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- 圧縮機(24)の動力が、制御可能であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- 外部熱交換器(22)の上流の空気中にセンサが設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- 外部熱交換器(22)の下流の冷媒にセンサが設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- センサが温度センサであることを特徴とする、請求項6又は7記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- センサが、低圧側で外部熱交換器(22)の下流に配置される圧力センサであることを特徴とする、請求項7記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- センサによって検出されたデータに依存して暖房/冷房サイクルを制御する制御装置が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項8記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- 冷媒としてCO2が利用されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- 暖房用熱交換器(16)を冷媒側で迂回するための遮断可能な暖房バイパス管路(L12)が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- 暖房用熱交換器(16)および第2膨張部材(30)を冷媒側で迂回するための遮断可能な暖房バイパス管路(L2)が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- 蒸発器(14)および第1膨張部材(28)を冷媒側で迂回するための遮断可能な冷房バイパス管路(L10)が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- 暖房用熱交換器(16)に至る接続管路と、低い系圧力側の管路または構成要素との間に、絞り可能な管路(L11)が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項記載の暖房/冷房サイクル。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれか1項記載の暖房/冷房サイクル(10)を有する自動車空調装置。
- 外部熱交換器(22)と、冷媒を移送するための圧縮機(24)と、外部熱交換器(22)に付設された膨張部材(30)と、前記構成要素を互いに結合する冷媒管路(L1〜L12)とを有する請求項1〜16のいずれか1項記載の暖房/冷房サイクル(10)を備えた空調装置を制御するための方法であって、外部熱交換器(22)が除霜運転時、循環する冷媒によって加熱される方法。
- 除霜運転のとき冷媒が圧縮機(24)内で圧縮されて膨張部材(30)に送られ、そこで膨張されてその熱を外部熱交換器(22)内で放出し、外部熱交換器(22)の表面および/または内部にある氷をこの熱が溶かすことを特徴とする、請求項17記載の方法。
- 外部熱交換器(22)の出口で空気温度(T1)と冷媒温度(T2)との間の温度差(T1‐T2)が検出され、温度差の閾値と比較されることを特徴とする、請求項17または18記載の方法。
- 温度差(T1‐T2)の閾値を上まわったのち、空調装置が除霜運転に切換えられることを特徴とする、請求項19記載の方法。
- 除霜運転中、外部熱交換器(22)の出口で冷媒温度(T2)が検出され、外部熱交換器(22)出口の冷媒温度(T2)の閾値と比較され、閾値を上まわると除霜運転が終了されることを特徴とする、請求項17〜20のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 除霜運転中、外部熱交換器(22)を介して空気が送られずまたはごく僅かに送られるだけであることを特徴とする、請求項17〜21のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 除霜運転の終了時または終了後、大量の空気量乃至最大空気量が熱交換器(22)を介して送られることを特徴とする、請求項17〜22のいずれか1項記載の方法。
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DE10201207 | 2002-01-14 | ||
DE10201408 | 2002-01-15 | ||
PCT/EP2003/000228 WO2003057518A1 (de) | 2002-01-14 | 2003-01-13 | Heiz-/kühlkreislauf für eine klimaanlage eines kraftfahrzeuges, kliaanlage und verfarhren zur regelung derselben |
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US (1) | US7003975B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1467879B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4445264B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE374124T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003221245A1 (ja) |
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-
2003
- 2003-01-13 AU AU2003221245A patent/AU2003221245A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-13 US US10/476,023 patent/US7003975B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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WO2003057518A8 (de) | 2005-03-03 |
JP2005514253A (ja) | 2005-05-19 |
WO2003057518A1 (de) | 2003-07-17 |
US7003975B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 |
DE50308277D1 (de) | 2007-11-08 |
EP1467879B1 (de) | 2007-09-26 |
ATE374124T1 (de) | 2007-10-15 |
DE10301006A1 (de) | 2003-07-31 |
AU2003221245A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
EP1467879A1 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
US20040129012A1 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
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