JP4410254B2 - 椎体間に挿入する高さ調整可能なインプラント、および対応する操作工具 - Google Patents

椎体間に挿入する高さ調整可能なインプラント、および対応する操作工具 Download PDF

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JP4410254B2
JP4410254B2 JP2006529783A JP2006529783A JP4410254B2 JP 4410254 B2 JP4410254 B2 JP 4410254B2 JP 2006529783 A JP2006529783 A JP 2006529783A JP 2006529783 A JP2006529783 A JP 2006529783A JP 4410254 B2 JP4410254 B2 JP 4410254B2
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sleeve
implant
nut
toothed ring
portions
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JP2006528525A (ja
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キリアン クラウス
ノルベルト ザール
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2002/4629Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof connected to the endoprosthesis or implant via a threaded connection
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2220/0033Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementary-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0065Three-dimensional shapes toroidal, e.g. ring-shaped, doughnut-shaped
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19Gearing
    • Y10T74/1956Adjustable
    • Y10T74/19585Fixed axes

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

本発明は椎体間に挿入する高さ調整可能なインプラント、およびその操作に適した工具に関する。
例えば、特許文献1より公知のインプラントは、第1および第2スリーブ部を有し、第2スリーブ部は、回転が防止されかつ軸方向に変位可能となるように長手部によって第1スリーブ部内に配置される雄ねじを有し、第1スリーブ部より突出する長手部は雄ねじ内で係合するナットにより囲まれている。ナットが回転すると、第2スリーブ部は第1スリーブ部から外側へ移動する。ナットを操作するには、ロッド形の操作工具の自由端がナットの外周上の凹部に挿入される。インプラントの長手方向軸まで横に広がる面において工具を回転させることで、工具の回転角に対応する距離だけナットが回転する。そして、工具はナットから引き抜かれ、上記工程はインプラントが所要の高さに至るまで繰り返される。ナットの回転操作中、第1スリーブ部が同様に回転してはならないため、原則として、第1スリーブ部は別の工具を用いて固定する必要がある。従って、公知のインプラントの高さ調整には、更なる時間と技術的器具が必要になる。更に、上記操作を中断なく行うためには、当該操作の為の比較的大きなオリフィスが必要となる。
独国特許出願公開第19622827A1号明細書
上記背景技術に対し、本発明の目的は、インプラントおよび脊柱内への挿入を容易にする操作工具を提供することである。
この目的は、インプラントに関しては請求項1により達成され、操作工具に関しては請求項10により達成される。
請求項1に記載されるように、ナットは歯付きリングを有し、よって歯車として設計されている。インプラントの高さは、適切な補完素子(例えば駆動歯車)を組込んだ工具を用いて調整可能である。この場合、操作工具で回転運動を行う必要はない。更に、工具の位置設定を複数回行う必要がなく、高さ調整の全工程において、同一の位置を保持することができる。これにより操作が著しく簡略化され、操作に要する時間が低減される。
好ましい実施の形態では、ナットは、第1スリーブ部に向けられた底面に歯付きリングを有する。従って、ナットは駆動歯車により動作させることができ、その回転軸はナットの回転軸に対して垂直である。ナットの回転軸と平行に位置合わせした軸を有する駆動歯車を使用した場合のように軸の回転動作を偏向させる必要がなく、その結果、構成がコンパクトになり、製造時の複雑さが低減される利点を有する。
第1スリーブ部を固定してその回転を防ぐために、ナットを駆動させる操作工具を固定するためのねじ穴が設けられる。従って、従来のインプラントと異なり、ナットを駆動させるとともに第1スリーブ部を固定するための工具が一つだけ必要となる。
特許文献1より公知のインプラントの場合、ナットは、第2スリーブ部が外に移動されると、ナットへ向けられた第1スリーブ部の端面で支持される。しかし、そうでなければ、ナットは第1スリーブ部に固定されない。したがって、そのインプラントの高さは、上昇のみで、低下させることができない。すなわち、第2スリーブ部を第1スリーブ部中へ移動させることができない。一方、本発明の提供するインプラントの場合、ナットは、軸方向に作用するかみ合い結合によって第1スリーブ部上、すなわち両軸方向に固定され、この結果、インプラントの高さを上昇および低下させることができる。例えば、インプラント挿入後、大きすぎる高さ調整が行われれば、高さを低減させる必要がある。
本発明の実施の形態の特に好ましい例では、2つのスリーブ部は、相互に対向した両端部で開き軸方向に広がる窓を有する。この場合、隣接する2つの窓間に配置された円周部は、それぞれ他方のスリーブ部の窓内で軸方向に変位可能に位置する。2つのスリーブ部の一方が他方内に同心的に係合する配置と比較し、本発明の構成は、より少ない材料を必要とし、インプラント全体を軽量化する利点を有する。更に、骨材料等によって充填することができる非常に大きな内部が利用可能となる。2つのスリーブ部は櫛のように互いにかみ合い、これにより固定され、相互の回転が防止される。
放射状に広がる端板が椎体上にインプラントを支持する手段として設けられる。好ましい実施の形態では、これは、解放可能に固定された別個の部分である。適切な端板(例えば、インプラントの中央長手方向軸に対して斜めに広がる平面を備えるもの)を、個々に使用することができる。端板がスナップフィット結合によってスリーブ部上に固定されると、スリーブ部上の安全な取付けが保証され、交換が容易になる。生産や組立の観点から見て容易である一実施の形態においては、環状溝がスリーブ部の内壁において端面に近接して設けられ、端板の下側に一体形成された受け突起が設けられる。
請求項7に記載されるように、上述のインプラント用操作工具はナットと協動する歯車を有する。好ましくは、保持機構は、インプラントの不動状態を維持する手段として操作工具に設けられる。歯車は、駆動動作中にその軸がナットの歯付きリングの軸まで横に延伸するよう配置される。上述のように、駆動軸の回転動作を偏向させる必要はない。特にコンパクトで操作の容易な配置では、歯付きリングは管状部の端面上に配置され、管状部はそこに延伸するロッドを有する。このロッドの自由端は管状部から外に突出し、第1スリーブ部のねじ穴に螺合することができる。管状部とロッドとの同軸配置の結果、操作が容易なコンパクトな操作工具となる。
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
図示されたインプラントは、主要な構成要素として、第1スリーブ部1、第2スリーブ部2およびナット3を具備する。スリーブ部2は、その全長にわたり延伸する雄ねじ4を備える。スリーブ部1、2の両方は、組み立てられた状態で相互に対向した端面5a、bで開き軸方向に広がる窓6を有する。隣接した2つの窓間の周囲部7a、bは、それぞれの他方のスリーブ部1、2の窓6において軸方向に変位可能である。こうして、周囲部7a、b間のクリアランスは、2つのスリーブ部が揺動することなく着座し、一方を他方内に容易に摺動することができるよう寸法決めされる。スリーブ部1、2は略同一の壁厚および内径を有する。すなわち、第2スリーブ部2の周囲部7bは、スリーブ部1の外周あるいは内周より突出しない。窓6と周辺部7a、bとの軸長は、スリーブ部2が最大に挿入された際に周囲部7a、bの端面5a、bおよびスリーブ部1、2の基部8の間に軸距離9が存在するように寸法決めされる。
スリーブ部1、2の両方を包囲するナット3は、高さを調整するとともにスリーブ部2を内外に移動するために使用され、軸方向に不動で回転可能なように第1スリーブ部に接続される。2つのスリーブ部1、2を包囲する内面は、雌ねじ10を有する上方長手部と、それに隣接しねじ切りされていない長手部13とを有する。後者は環状溝14を有する。ナット3は、ねじなし長手部13のみがスリーブ部1の周囲部7aを包囲しつつ配置されるようにスリーブ部1上に位置決めされ、そして雌ねじ10がスリーブ部2の雄ねじ4と係合する。周囲部7aの端面5aに近接して、周囲部7aの全幅にわたり延在する一体形成された弧状突出部15が設けられ、これはナットの環状溝14内に位置する。したがって、ナット3はスリーブ部1上で回転可能であり、スリーブ部1上で両軸方向に不動である。周辺部7bの自由端に面するナット3の側面は、インプラントの中央長手方向軸16と同軸上に伸びる歯付きリング17を有する。歯付きリング17は、例えば切削により形成されたナット3と一体形成される。その目的は、以下に詳細に説明するが、工具の使用によりナット3を回転しつつ変位させ、これによりスリーブ部2をスリーブ部1の外または中へ移動させること、すなわちインプラントの高さを調整することである。
周辺部7a、bの自由端から遠い端面18は、スリーブ部1、2の周囲から外側に向けて放射状に立設された端板19を有する。端板19は、スナップフィット結合の使用によりスリーブ部1、2上に解放可能に固定することができる。このために、環状溝20は、スリーブ部1、2の内部面に、それらの端面18に近接して設けられ、端面18a、bに面する端板の側面に設けられた受け突出部23が設けられる。受け突出部23は、中央のオリフィス21を端板19内に固定するエプロン24上に一体成形される。エプロン24の端部25には、円周方向に一様に分散された複数の凹部26が設けられる。凹部26間に配置された円周部27は受け突出部23を有する。円周部27は、弾力的に、放射状に、わずかに内部へ向けて偏向させることができ、これにより端板19の取付けおよび取り外しが容易になる。歯付きリング29は、端板19の外面28から外に長手方向軸16の方向に突出しており、インプラントを椎体上に維持するために使用される。
周囲部7aには2つのオリフィス30が設けられる。オリフィス30と端板19の中央オリフィス21とは、骨材料、骨接合剤等により充填するために使用される。放射状の向きを有するねじ穴33は、周囲部7aのいずれかに、ナット3に近接して設けられ、以下に説明する操作工具を固定する手段として用いられる。
図7に示すように、操作工具は、基本的にはロッド34を有し、その一端は把手35を有し、他端はねじ部36を有する。ねじ部36から離れて伸びる部分のロッド34は、回転スリーブ37により同軸上に包囲される。把手35に面する回転スリーブ37の一端部は刻み付きホイール38を有し、他端部は歯付きリング39を有する。後者は、ナット3のようにスリーブ端面を切削することにより製造される。把手35に向かうスリーブ37の軸方向変位は、停止フランジ39により制限される。
インプラントの高さを調整するには、例えば図1に図示された状態から、操作工具を、ねじ部36によりねじ穴33の中にねじ込む。この時、歯付きリング39は、冠歯車の方法で歯付きリング17と係合する。すなわち、歯付きリング39の軸は歯付きリング17の軸に対し基本的に垂直に伸びる。この場合、刻み付きホイール38は停止フランジ29に隣接する。
インプラントが操作工具の使用により操作オリフィスを介して脊柱に一旦挿入されると、回転スリーブ37は、インプラントをより大きな高さに設定するために刻み付きホイール38を回転することにより変位される。スリーブ部2の雄ねじ4とナット3の雌ねじ10が右ねじであれば、ナット3は矢印40の方向に回転し、刻み付きホイールは矢印43の方向に回転する。操作工具をインプラントから解放するには、ねじ部36は、把手35を回転することによってねじ穴33から取り外される。スリーブ37はロッド34のまわりを回転することができるので、ねじ部36から取り外すために回転する中、回転スリーブを不動状態に維持する必要はない。2つのスリーブ部1、2が相対配置されると、その位置は様々な方法で固定することができる。一例としては、より多くあるいはより少なく、ねじ穴33にねじ(図示せず)を先端部だけ螺合することである。
第1スリーブ部とその内部に位置し軸方向に変位可能であり挿入位置にある第2スリーブ部とを有するインプラントの一部切り欠き斜視図である。 第2スリーブ部が部分的に引き出された状態の、図1に示したインプラントを示す。 第1スリーブ部の斜視図である。 引き出し可能な第2スリーブ部の斜視図である。 第1スリーブ部の駆動に用いるナットを示す。 スリーブ部上に固定可能な端板を示す。 インプラントを操作するための工具を示す。
符号の説明
1 第1スリーブ部
2 第2スリーブ部
3 ナット
4 雄ねじ
5a、b 端面
6 窓
7a、b 周囲部(a:第1スリーブ部、b:第2スリーブ部)
8 基部
9 軸距離
10 雌ねじ
13 長手部
14 環状溝
15 突出部
16 中央長手方向軸
17 歯付きリング
18 端面
19 端板
20 環状溝
21 オリフィス
23 受け突出部
24 エプロン
25 端部
26 凹部
27 円周部
28 外面
29 歯付きリング
30 オリフィス
33 ねじ穴
34 ロッド
35 把手
36 ねじ部
37 回転スリーブ
38 刻み付きホイール
39 停止フランジ
40 矢印
43 矢印

Claims (10)

  1. 第1および第2スリーブ部(1、2)を具備する、椎体間に挿入する高さ調整可能なインプラントであって、
    前記第2スリーブ部(2)は、雄ねじ(4)を有し、回転を防止し軸方向に変位可能となるよう長手部により第1スリーブ部(1)内に配置され、
    前記第2スリーブ部(2)は、前記第1スリーブ部(1)から突出する前記長手部において、前記雄ねじ(4)内に係合するナット(3)により包囲され、
    前記ナットが、歯付きリング(17)を有し、
    前記ナット(3)は、軸方向に有効なかみ合い結合により前記第1スリーブ部(1)上に固定され
    前記スリーブ部(1、2)は、相互に対向する端部で開き軸方向に広がる窓(6)を有し、
    前記第1スリーブ部(1)と前記第2スリーブ(2)は、略同一の壁厚および内径を有し、
    隣接する2つの窓間に配置された周囲部(7a、b)は、軸方向に変位可能となるように、それぞれの他方のスリーブ部(1、2)の前記窓(6)内に嵌め込まれるように配置される、
    ことを特徴とするインプラント。
  2. 前記歯付きリング(17)は、前記第1スリーブ部(1)に面する前記ナット(3)の側面上に配置される、
    ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のインプラント。
  3. 放射状に伸びる少なくとも1つのねじ穴(33)は、前記ナット(3)を駆動する工具を固定するために、前記第1スリーブ部(1)内に設けられる、
    ことを特徴とする請求項2記載のインプラント。
  4. 別の部分を構成する端板(19)は、椎体に取り付けられるために、前記スリーブ部(1、2)の端面(18)に解放可能に固定される、
    ことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載のインプラント。
  5. 前記端板(19)は、スナップフィット結合の使用により前記スリーブ部(1、2)に固定される、
    ことを特徴とする請求項4記載のインプラント。
  6. 前記端面(18)に近接配置された前記スリーブ部(1、2)の内壁において環状溝(20)を有し、
    前記環状溝(20)は、前記端板(19)上に形成された受け突起により係合される、
    ことを特徴とする請求項5記載のインプラント。
  7. 請求項1から請求項6のいずれかに記載されたインプラントの操作工具であって、
    前記ナット(3)と協働する歯付きリング(39)を有する、
    ことを特徴とする操作工具。
  8. 前記インプラントを固定する保持機構を有する、
    ことを特徴とする請求項7記載の操作工具。
  9. 前記歯付きリング(39)は、前記インプラントの高さが調整されるとき、軸がナット(3)の歯付きリング(17)の軸に対して横に伸びるように配置される、
    ことを特徴とする請求項7または請求項8記載の操作工具。
  10. 前記歯付きリング(39)は、回転スリーブ(37)の端面上に配置され、
    前記回転スリーブ(37)は、前記回転スリーブ内に延伸するロッド(34)を有し、
    前記ロッド(34)の端面は、管状部を有し、前記第1スリーブ部のねじ穴に螺合可能なねじ部(36)を有する、
    ことを特徴とする請求項9記載の操作工具。
JP2006529783A 2003-05-14 2004-05-11 椎体間に挿入する高さ調整可能なインプラント、および対応する操作工具 Expired - Lifetime JP4410254B2 (ja)

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ES2249757T5 (es) 2010-08-23
DE202004021289U1 (de) 2007-06-06
US20070028710A1 (en) 2007-02-08
EP1501453B1 (de) 2005-12-07
DE202004021290U1 (de) 2007-06-06
WO2004100837A1 (de) 2004-11-25
ES2249757T3 (es) 2006-04-01
DE202004021288U1 (de) 2007-06-06
EP1501453A1 (de) 2005-02-02
ATE311836T1 (de) 2005-12-15
JP2006528525A (ja) 2006-12-21
DE502004000169D1 (de) 2006-01-12
EP1501453B2 (de) 2010-06-30
US8568482B2 (en) 2013-10-29

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