JP4357836B2 - 燃料パージを用いる燃料電池装置の始動方法 - Google Patents
燃料パージを用いる燃料電池装置の始動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Description
図1を再度参照すると、燃料電池装置は、圧力下の新鮮な水素を含有する燃料の供給源140と、空気の供給源142と、空気送風機144と、主要な電気を使用する装置または主要な負荷146と、補助負荷148と、アノード排気再循環ループ150と、再循環ループ送風機152とを含む。(「新鮮な」水素を含有する燃料とは、燃料電池内で部分的に消費されかつ電池を通して再循環された燃料とは対照的に、電池内へまだ導入されていない燃料のことを意味する。)通常の燃料電池の作動時に、電池が、主要な負荷146に電気を供給しているとき、主要負荷スイッチ154は、閉にされており(主要負荷スイッチ154は、図面では開で示されている)、補助負荷スイッチ156は、開にされている。空気送風機144、アノード排気再循環送風機152、冷媒ポンプ134は、全てオンになっており、燃料供給源140から再循環送風機152の下流のアノード再循環ループ150内への燃料供給はと導管内の弁166は、再循環ループ150内の弁170とアノード排気導管174内のアノード排気排出弁172と同じように、開にされている。導管160内の空気入口供給弁158は、開にされている。空気供給源142から再循環送風機152の上流の再循環ループ内の位置への導管164内の空気供給弁162は、閉にされている。
電池の触媒と触媒支持体の腐食の結果としての大幅な電池性能減衰を防止するために、以下の方法が、電池を停止するのに使用できる。スイッチ154は、開にされ、外部回路から主要な負荷の接続が解除される。弁166は、アノードの流れの場への燃料の流れを停止するように、閉にされる。空気入口供給弁158ばかりでなく、アノード排出弁172も閉にされる。電池を通してアノード排気を再循環させるのを継続するために、再循環流れ弁170は、開のままにすることができ、再循環送風機152もオンのままにすることができる。これによって、アノード上の局所化された燃料の枯渇が防止される。次に、スイッチ156は、閉にされ、それによって、外部回路178内で電池の両端に小さな補助負荷148を接続する。スイッチ156を閉にして、通常の電池の電気化学反応が、アノードの流れの場の中の水素濃度が低減するように、生じ続ける。
停止または無負荷燃料電池装置は、ここで、アノードの流れの場およびカソードの流れの場の中に空気だけを有する。本発明の例示的な実施態様に従うと、燃料電池装置100を再始動するには、冷媒ループ弁138が、もし閉になっていれば、開にされる。補助負荷は、始動時に使用されないので、スイッチ156は、開のままである。空気流れ弁158は、好ましくは開にされるが、閉にすることもでき、送風機144とポンプ134は、始動される。アノード排気排出弁172は、開にされ、導管内の空気流れ弁162は、閉にされる。再循環流れ弁170も、閉にされ、再循環送風機は、オフにされる。燃料流れ弁166は、加圧水素の流れを供給源140からアノードの流れの場の中へ与えるように、開にされる。水素の流れは、アノードの流れの場から空気を押し出す。実質的に全ての空気が、アノードの流れの場から置き換えられてしまうと、スイッチ154は、主要な負荷を電池102の両端に接続するように、閉にされる。(空気流れ弁が、閉になっていた場合は、スイッチ154を閉にする前に、開にされる。)電池は、ここで、通常に作動できる。
Claims (8)
- 繰り返し停止される燃料電池装置を始動する方法であって、
電池電解質層の1つの面にある電池のカソードに隣接するカソードの流れの場と、
電池電解質層の他方の面にある電池のアノードに隣接するアノードの流れの場と、
を含む燃料電池を備えており、
カソードは、炭素上に支持された触媒を含み、
アノードの流れの場およびカソードの流れの場の両方が、各停止時に空気で満たされ、主要な電気を使用する装置は、各停止後に燃料電池の外部回路から接続を解除され、
前記始動方法は、
(i)燃料/空気前線がアノードの流れの場を通って移動し、アノードの流れの場内に最初に存在する全ての空気を置き換えるように、新鮮な水素を含有する燃料の連続的な流れをアノードの流れの場内に供給して、該アノードの流れの場から空気をパージし、その後、
(ii)主要な電気を使用する負荷を電池の両端に接続する、
ステップを含み、
前記ステップ(i)において、前記燃料/空気前線がアノードの流れの場内を移動している間は、カソードの流れの場内に空気を供給せず、前記ステップ(i)の後かつ前記ステップ(ii)の前に、カソードの流れの場内に空気を供給することを特徴とする方法。 - 前記燃料は、1.0秒間以内に前記空気を置き換えることを特徴とする請求項1記載の始動方法。
- 前記燃料電池装置の前記電解質層は、プロトン交換膜であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の始動方法。
- 前記燃料は、1.0秒間以内に前記空気を置き換えることを特徴とする請求項3記載の始動方法。
- 前記燃料は、0.2秒間以内に前記空気を置き換えることを特徴とする請求項1記載の始動方法。
- 前記燃料は、0.05秒間以内に前記空気を置き換えることを特徴とする請求項1記載の始動方法。
- 前記燃料は、0.2秒間以内に前記空気を置き換えることを特徴とする請求項3記載の始動方法。
- 前記燃料は、0.05秒間以内に前記空気を置き換えることを特徴とする請求項3記載の始動方法。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/742,481 US20020076582A1 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2000-12-20 | Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system using a fuel purge |
PCT/US2001/047485 WO2002058168A2 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2001-12-13 | Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system using a fuel purge |
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JP2004523064A JP2004523064A (ja) | 2004-07-29 |
JP2004523064A5 JP2004523064A5 (ja) | 2005-05-26 |
JP4357836B2 true JP4357836B2 (ja) | 2009-11-04 |
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JP2002558351A Expired - Fee Related JP4357836B2 (ja) | 2000-12-20 | 2001-12-13 | 燃料パージを用いる燃料電池装置の始動方法 |
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US (3) | US20020076582A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4357836B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2002245084A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE10197086B3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002058168A2 (ja) |
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-
2000
- 2000-12-20 US US09/742,481 patent/US20020076582A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2001
- 2001-12-13 WO PCT/US2001/047485 patent/WO2002058168A2/en active Application Filing
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- 2001-12-13 JP JP2002558351A patent/JP4357836B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-13 DE DE10197086.2T patent/DE10197086B3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-11-26 US US10/305,301 patent/US6887599B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US9373858B2 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2016-06-21 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method for starting fuel cell system and starting apparatus for fuel cell system |
DE102013216844A1 (de) | 2012-08-28 | 2014-03-06 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Brennstoffzellensystem-Aktivierungsverfahren und Brennstoffzellensystem |
US10109872B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2018-10-23 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system activation method and fuel cell system |
DE102013216844B4 (de) | 2012-08-28 | 2022-04-21 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Brennstoffzellensystem-Aktivierungsverfahren und Brennstoffzellensystem |
Also Published As
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DE10197086T1 (de) | 2003-12-11 |
WO2002058168A3 (en) | 2003-01-03 |
JP2004523064A (ja) | 2004-07-29 |
US6887599B2 (en) | 2005-05-03 |
US20020076582A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
US7410712B2 (en) | 2008-08-12 |
US20030134165A1 (en) | 2003-07-17 |
AU2002245084A1 (en) | 2002-07-30 |
WO2002058168A2 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
DE10197086B3 (de) | 2017-01-05 |
US20050147855A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
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