JP3756512B2 - 徐放性タンパク質製剤 - Google Patents
徐放性タンパク質製剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3756512B2 JP3756512B2 JP50808394A JP50808394A JP3756512B2 JP 3756512 B2 JP3756512 B2 JP 3756512B2 JP 50808394 A JP50808394 A JP 50808394A JP 50808394 A JP50808394 A JP 50808394A JP 3756512 B2 JP3756512 B2 JP 3756512B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- biologically active
- composition
- active protein
- somatotropin
- concentration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
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- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000095 Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 102000018997 Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 101710142969 Somatoliberin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 102000038461 Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 101800000736 Growth hormone-releasing factor Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002556 Polyethylene Glycol 300 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 101000825768 Bos taurus Somatoliberin Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000604 Polyethylene Glycol 200 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 71
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- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003127 radioimmunoassay Methods 0.000 description 2
- NHXLMOGPVYXJNR-ATOGVRKGSA-N somatostatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1)[C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](C)N)C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 NHXLMOGPVYXJNR-ATOGVRKGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000553 somatostatin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229950000624 somavubove Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- 102400000739 Corticotropin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101800000414 Corticotropin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N Cyclosporin A Chemical compound CC[C@@H]1NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H](C)C\C=C\C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C1=O PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010036949 Cyclosporine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108700012941 GNRH1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000051325 Glucagon Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108060003199 Glucagon Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000579 Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000723 Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010063738 Interleukins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000015696 Interleukins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002582 Polyethylene Glycol 600 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108020004511 Recombinant DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000013275 Somatomedins Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- IDLFZVILOHSSID-OVLDLUHVSA-N corticotropin Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CO)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IDLFZVILOHSSID-OVLDLUHVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000258 corticotropin Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 229930182912 cyclosporin Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021474 generally recognized As safe (food) Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021473 generally recognized as safe (food ingredients) Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MASNOZXLGMXCHN-ZLPAWPGGSA-N glucagon Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O)C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MASNOZXLGMXCHN-ZLPAWPGGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004666 glucagon Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002687 nonaqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126701 oral medication Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068918 polyethylene glycol 400 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930101283 tetracycline Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012049 topical pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037317 transdermal delivery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008136 water-miscible vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/22—Hormones
- A61K38/25—Growth hormone-releasing factor [GH-RF], i.e. somatoliberin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/22—Hormones
- A61K38/27—Growth hormone [GH], i.e. somatotropin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/14—Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
- A61P15/14—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for lactation disorders, e.g. galactorrhoea
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Gynecology & Obstetrics (AREA)
- Pregnancy & Childbirth (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Reproductive Health (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US94787292A | 1992-09-21 | 1992-09-21 | |
| US07/947,872 | 1992-09-21 | ||
| US96336592A | 1992-10-20 | 1992-10-20 | |
| US07/963,365 | 1992-10-20 | ||
| PCT/US1993/007756 WO1994006452A1 (en) | 1992-09-21 | 1993-08-23 | Sustained-release protein formulations |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004206098A Division JP2004285079A (ja) | 1992-09-21 | 2004-07-13 | 徐放性タンパク質製剤 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08501305A JPH08501305A (ja) | 1996-02-13 |
| JP3756512B2 true JP3756512B2 (ja) | 2006-03-15 |
Family
ID=27130263
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50808394A Expired - Fee Related JP3756512B2 (ja) | 1992-09-21 | 1993-08-23 | 徐放性タンパク質製剤 |
| JP2004206098A Ceased JP2004285079A (ja) | 1992-09-21 | 2004-07-13 | 徐放性タンパク質製剤 |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004206098A Ceased JP2004285079A (ja) | 1992-09-21 | 2004-07-13 | 徐放性タンパク質製剤 |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6011011A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0661989B1 (enExample) |
| JP (2) | JP3756512B2 (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE156361T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU5018693A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69312947T2 (enExample) |
| DK (1) | DK0661989T3 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2107051T3 (enExample) |
| GR (1) | GR3024632T3 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX9305729A (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW224055B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1994006452A1 (enExample) |
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| US5932547A (en) * | 1996-07-03 | 1999-08-03 | Alza Corporation | Non-aqueous polar aprotic peptide formulations |
| US5981489A (en) * | 1996-07-18 | 1999-11-09 | Alza Corporation | Non-aqueous protic peptide formulations |
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| EP2501225B1 (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2017-11-01 | Ipsen Pharma S.A.S. | Pharmaceutical compositions of melanocortin receptor ligands |
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| HK1218629A1 (zh) | 2013-02-25 | 2017-03-03 | Bausch Health Ireland Limited | 用於结肠清洁的鸟苷酸环化酶受体激动剂 |
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-
1993
- 1993-08-23 ES ES93920157T patent/ES2107051T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-23 DE DE69312947T patent/DE69312947T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-08-23 EP EP93920157A patent/EP0661989B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-23 DK DK93920157.0T patent/DK0661989T3/da active
- 1993-08-23 JP JP50808394A patent/JP3756512B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-08-23 WO PCT/US1993/007756 patent/WO1994006452A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-08-23 AT AT93920157T patent/ATE156361T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-08-23 AU AU50186/93A patent/AU5018693A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-08-31 TW TW082107064A patent/TW224055B/zh active
- 1993-09-20 MX MX9305729A patent/MX9305729A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-03-20 US US08/407,327 patent/US6011011A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-09-04 GR GR970402270T patent/GR3024632T3/el unknown
-
2004
- 2004-07-13 JP JP2004206098A patent/JP2004285079A/ja not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE156361T1 (de) | 1997-08-15 |
| DK0661989T3 (da) | 1998-03-02 |
| GR3024632T3 (en) | 1997-12-31 |
| ES2107051T3 (es) | 1997-11-16 |
| DE69312947T2 (de) | 1998-01-08 |
| JPH08501305A (ja) | 1996-02-13 |
| WO1994006452A1 (en) | 1994-03-31 |
| EP0661989A1 (en) | 1995-07-12 |
| US6011011A (en) | 2000-01-04 |
| JP2004285079A (ja) | 2004-10-14 |
| MX9305729A (es) | 1994-03-31 |
| EP0661989B1 (en) | 1997-08-06 |
| TW224055B (enExample) | 1994-05-21 |
| AU5018693A (en) | 1994-04-12 |
| DE69312947D1 (de) | 1997-09-11 |
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