JP3621424B2 - ケージと回転体を有する椎間インプラント - Google Patents

ケージと回転体を有する椎間インプラント Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3621424B2
JP3621424B2 JP51616197A JP51616197A JP3621424B2 JP 3621424 B2 JP3621424 B2 JP 3621424B2 JP 51616197 A JP51616197 A JP 51616197A JP 51616197 A JP51616197 A JP 51616197A JP 3621424 B2 JP3621424 B2 JP 3621424B2
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Prior art keywords
cage
rotating body
implant according
implant
front wall
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP51616197A
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JPH11513601A (ja
Inventor
インガ クノテ
アルフレッド ベノイト
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AO Technology AG
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Synthes AG Chur
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Description

本発明は、特許請求の範囲第1項の前提部分による椎間インプラントに関するものである。
この様な椎間インプラントは、とりわけ腰の脊柱の範囲で椎体を融合させる場合に用いられる。椎間スペースごとに1個から2個のインプラントが使用される。
現行の技術水準では、種々のタイプのこの種の椎間インプラントが既に知られている。かかるインプラントは、もちらん以下の短所を有している:
− インプラントを椎間範囲に差し込むには、適切な器具を用いて該当する椎を延伸せねばならない;そして
− 該当する椎の終端板(エンドプラッテ)内にインプラントが沈下する危険がある。
ここでは、本発明は上記の短所を除去することが出来る。本発明の課題は、可能な限り延伸器具を用いないで制御可能な方法で、しかも加える力を最小にして、えぐり広げられた椎間スペースにねじ込むことの出来るところの椎間インプラントを作り出すことである。
この問題を解決するために、当初挙げた装置が特許請求の範囲の独立請求項1の特徴部分の特徴によって形成されている。
これによって、インプラントを行うのに最小の力で十分であり、回転体の外被面の、ケージの上面とベース面から突き出ている螺旋状構造物によってインプラントの制御された挿入が可能であるという長所を達成できる。このため侵襲の最も少ない、かつ直視下手術技術が適用できる。
大きな支持面積を有するケージ状フレーム構造物は、インプラントが終端板内に沈下するのを防止する。
ケージから突き出ている回転体の螺旋状構造物は、差し込み中にインプラントを回転させて、これを椎間スペース内にねじ込むことを可能にする。
別の望ましい実施形態は、インプラントの回転体が中空状に形成され、その正面に封止カバーが取り付けられていることである。これによって骨屑または代替骨材料を回転体内に容易に充填でき、数少ない操作によってインプラントを確実に組み立てることが出来る。この場合ケージは、組立を可能にするために、二分割式に形成されているのが合理的である。この様な用途では、回転体も長手溝の形をした穿孔を備えていることが望ましく、そして骨が迅速に根づくのを可能にするためにケージの側面に長穴切取り部が設けられている。
該長手溝はX線撮影による骨の成長の検査を可能にする。終端板屑を中空回転体内に侵入させるナイフエッジを長手切取り部に設けるのが望ましい。
回転体がシリンダ状の場合には、ケージは直方体状に形成されていてよく、そして回転体が然るべく円錐状に形成されている場合はケージはくさび状に形成されていてよい。
インプラントの位置安定性もしくは隣接する椎体の回転安定性を向上させるために、ケージの上面とベース面は三次元構造(これは、長手条溝の形をしているのが望ましいが)を備えているのが合理的である。
これまでの技術水準に基づくインプラントと比べて本発明によるインプラントの以下のその他の利点が得られる:
− スリップ安定性、
− 改善されたX線透過性;および
− 回転体内にあるいは有るべき挿入された骨材料の圧縮性。
本発明とその実施形態を以下において実施例の一部模式図的な描写をもとにしてさらに詳しく説明することにする。
図1は本発明に従うインプラントのケージの透視画法による描写を示し、
図2は本発明に従うインプラントの開かれた回転体の透視画法による描写を示し、
図3は本発明に従うインプラントの閉じられた回転体の透視画法による描写を示し、
図4は本発明に従うインプラントの完全に組み立てた状態の透視画法による描写を示し、
図5は図4のインプラントの側面図を示し、
図6は図4のインプラントの正面図を示し、
図7は本発明に従うインプラントの別の実施形態の分解された状態の透視画法による描写を示し、そして
図8は図7のインプラントの組立てられた状態の側面図を示している。
図1から図3に分解図の形で示した椎間インプラントは、基本的には上面とベース面(11、12)に開口部のあるフレーム状ケージ1によって構成され、該ケージはそれぞれ1つの長穴19を呈する2つの側面13と14、孔17を呈する1つの正面壁15、および1つの後部壁16を有している。ケージ1の形状はこの実施形態では直方体状であるが、ケージ1の形状は(図7と図8に示したように)くさび状であっても良い。ケージ1は図1に示したように一体式か、あるいは多分割式(しかし図7と図8をもとに説明されているように二分割式が望ましい)のいずれかで製造
できる。
インプラントの差し込みと隣接する椎体の回転安定性を向上させるために、上面とベース面11、12に三次元構造18(長手条溝の形が望ましいが)を付与することが出来る。
中空シリンダ状回転体2は、回転可能にケージ1に取り付けられている。この目的のために、回転体2はその後部ベース面でジャーナル25を呈し、該ジャーナルはケージ1の後部壁16の切取り部26に差し込むことができる。回転体2の外被面は少なくとも2mmのピッチと0.8mmから2.2mmの深さ(望ましくは1.5mmから2.0mm)を有する雄ねじの形をした螺旋状構造物21を呈している。
回転体2の長さは上から回転体をケージ内に十分に挿入可能なようにケージの内部寸法に合わされているので、その結果として回転体は他の保持手段なしにケージ内で回転可能に取り付けられて封止されている(図4と図6)。その正面22に駆動工具を収容するのに用いられる六角開口部27を有する取り外し可能な封止カバー23が回転体2に取り付けられている。これによって骨屑または代替骨材料を充填することができる。封止カバー23には、互いに向かい合っている少なくとも2個の突起28が取り付けられ、該突起は回転体2の正面22の然るべき溝29にかみ合うことができるので、封止カバー23は正面22と同一面になるように沈めることができる。さらに回転体2には穿孔24が設けられ、該穿孔はナイフエッジを有する長手切取り部として形成されているのが望ましい。該ナイフエッジはアンダカットしてあるのが望ましい。
ケージ1の正面壁15は(図4から判るように)封止カバー23の六角開口部27に器具を差し込むための孔17を備えている。これによって回転体2をケージ1内で回転させることができる。
図5から判るように、螺旋状構造物21は雄ねじの形で回転体2の外被面上でケージ1の上面とベース面11、12からそれぞれ1.0mmから2.0mm突き出ている。
図7と図8には本発明に基づくインプラントの別の実施形態が示してある。該実施形態では、ケージ1は二分割式に、そして回転体2は切頭円錐としてそれぞれ形成されている。図7と図8のインプラントの構造は図1から図6の実施形態のインプラントの構造とほとんど同じであるが、ケージ1は異なっている。該ケージは2つの個別部品である上部1aと下部1bによって構成されている。上部1aは4個の突起30を備えていて、該突起は下部1bの然るべく4個の切取り部31と噛み合うことができるので、その結果として切頭円錐状の回転体2を簡単かつ迅速に両方の個別部品1aと1bの間で組み立て、回転可能に取り付けることができる。
ケージ1と回転体2はチタン、チタン合金、セラミックス、または生体適合性のあるプラスチックによって製造されているのが望ましい。
以下において、図7と図8に基づくインプラントをもとにして臨床への適用に関して詳細に記述することにする。
図7に示した中空回転体2は骨屑(ボーングラフトまたは代替骨材料)とともに(場合によっては骨屑を圧縮した上で)充填され、封止カバー23によって封止される。このあと、充填された回転体2はケージ1の両方の個別部品1aと1bの間に挿入され、その際に回転体2のジャーナル25は個別部品1aと1bの切取り部26に入り、そして上と下から軽く圧力をかけることによって突起30が切取り部31にはまり合って両方の個別部品1aと1bは閉じられてケージ1になる。こうしてインプラントは可能な限り延伸器具を用いることなく、えぐり広げられた椎間スペース内にねじ込まれる。駆動工具(望ましくは六角レンチ)は、この場合、ケージ1の正面壁13の孔17を介して封止カバー23の六角開口部27に差し込むことができるので、回転体2をケージ1内で容易に回転させることができ、そしてケージ1から突き出ている雄ねじの形をした螺旋状構造物21のために椎間スペース内にねじ込むことができる。

Claims (12)

  1. 2つの側面(13、14)、1つの正面壁(15)、および1つの後部壁(16)を有し、上面とベース面(11、12)に開口部のあるフレーム状ケージ(1)を備えた椎間インプラントにおいて、
    A)回転体(2)は回転可能にケージ(1)内に取り付けられていて、その際に回転体(2)の外被面は螺旋状構造物(21)を備えていること;
    B)該螺旋状構造物(21)はケージ(1)の上面とベース面(11、12)から突き出ていること;および
    C)正面壁(15)は前記ケージ(1)内で回転させるこ とが可能である回転体(2)により駆動工具を差し込む ための開口部(17)を呈していることを特徴とするインプラント。
  2. 回転体(2)は中空状に形成され、その正面壁(22)で封止カバー(23)を呈していることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載のインプラント。
  3. ケージ(1)は直方体状に、回転体(2)はシリンダ状にそれぞれ形成されていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載のインプラント。
  4. ケージ(1)がくさび状に、回転体(2)が円錐状にそれぞれ形成されていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載のインプラント。
  5. ナイフエッジを有する長手切取り部の形の 穿孔(24)が回転体(2)に設けられていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ないし第4項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。
  6. ケージ(1)は二分割式に形成されていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ないし第5項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。
  7. 上面とベース面(11、12)には長手条溝の 形の三次元構造(18)が設けられていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ないし第6項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。
  8. 側面(13、14)に長穴切取り部(19)が設けられていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ないし第7項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。
  9. 螺旋状構造物(21)は雄ねじ、螺旋状条溝、または溝であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ないし第8項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。
  10. 螺旋状構造物(21)はケージ(1)の上面とベース面(11、12)から1.0mmないし2.0mm、望ましくは1.35mmないし1.70mm突き出ていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ないし第9項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。
  11. 螺旋状構造物(21)のピッチは少なくとも2mmであることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ないし第10項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。
  12. 螺旋状構造物(21)の深さは0.8mmないし2.2mmの間、望ましくは1.5mmないし2.0mmの間であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ないし第11項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。
JP51616197A 1995-10-20 1995-10-20 ケージと回転体を有する椎間インプラント Expired - Fee Related JP3621424B2 (ja)

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PCT/CH1995/000243 WO1997015246A1 (de) 1995-10-20 1995-10-20 Zwischenwirbel-implantat mit käfig und rotationskörper

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JPH11513601A JPH11513601A (ja) 1999-11-24
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KR19990022935A (ko) 1999-03-25
US5888228A (en) 1999-03-30
EP0857041A1 (de) 1998-08-12
JPH11513601A (ja) 1999-11-24
DE59509194D1 (de) 2001-05-17
EP0857041B1 (de) 2001-04-11
CA2229734C (en) 2004-02-03
WO1997015246A1 (de) 1997-05-01
TW374722B (en) 1999-11-21
KR100392090B1 (ko) 2004-02-05
ATE200409T1 (de) 2001-04-15
CA2229734A1 (en) 1997-04-21
ES2158132T3 (es) 2001-09-01

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