JPH11513601A - ケージと回転体を有する椎間インプラント - Google Patents

ケージと回転体を有する椎間インプラント

Info

Publication number
JPH11513601A
JPH11513601A JP9516161A JP51616197A JPH11513601A JP H11513601 A JPH11513601 A JP H11513601A JP 9516161 A JP9516161 A JP 9516161A JP 51616197 A JP51616197 A JP 51616197A JP H11513601 A JPH11513601 A JP H11513601A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cage
rotating body
implant
implant according
front wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP9516161A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JP3621424B2 (ja
Inventor
インガ クノテ
アルフレッド ベノイト
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AO Technology AG
Original Assignee
Synthes AG Chur
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Synthes AG Chur filed Critical Synthes AG Chur
Publication of JPH11513601A publication Critical patent/JPH11513601A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3621424B2 publication Critical patent/JP3621424B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/4455Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
    • A61F2/446Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or elliptical cross-section substantially parallel to the axis of the spine, e.g. cylinders or frustocones
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    • A61F2/447Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages substantially parallelepipedal, e.g. having a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-section
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    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
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Abstract

(57)【要約】 本椎間インプラントは上面とベース面(11、12)に開口部のあるフレーム状ケージ(1)を含み、該ケージは2つの側面(13、14)、1つの正面壁(15)、および1つの後部壁(16)を有している。回転体(2)は、回転可能にケージ(1)に取り付けられていて、その際に回転体(2)の外被面には螺旋状構造物(21)が取り付けられている。該螺旋状構造物(21)は、ケージ(1)の上面とベース面(11、12)から突き出ている。正面壁(15)は、駆動工具を差し込むための開口部(17)を呈していて、該工具によって回転体(2)をケージ(1)内で回転させることができる。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ケージと回転体を有する椎間インプラント 本発明は、特許請求の範囲第1項の前提部分による椎間インプラントに関する ものである。 この様な椎間インプラントは、とりわけ腰の脊柱の範囲で椎体を融合させる場 合に用いられる。椎間スペースごとに1個から2個のインプラントが使用される 。 現行の技術水準では、種々のタイプのこの種の椎間インプラントが既に知られ ている。かかるインプラントは、もちろん以下の短所を有している: − インプラントを椎間範囲に差し込むには、適切な器具を用いて該当する椎を 延伸せねばならない;そして − 該当する椎の終端板(エンドプラッテ)内にインプラントが沈下する危険が ある。 ここでは、本発明は上記の短所を除去することが出来る。本発明の課題は、可 能な限り延伸器具を用いないで制御可能な方法で、しかも加える力を最小にして 、えぐり広げられた椎間スペースにねじ込むことの出来るところの椎間インプラ ントを作り出すことである。 この問題を解決するために、当初挙げた装置が特許請求の範囲の独立請求項1 の特徴部分の特徴によって形成されている。 これによって、インプラントを行うのに最小の力で十分であり、回転体の外被 面の、ケージの上面とベース面から突き出ている螺旋状構造物によってインプラ ントの制御された挿入が可能であるという長所を達成できる。このため侵襲の最 も少ない、かつ直視下手術技術が適用できる。 大きな支持面積を有するケージ状フレーム構造物は、インプラントが終端板内 に沈下するのを防止する。 ケージから突き出ている回転体の螺旋状構造物は、差し込み中にインプラント を回転させて、これを椎間スペース内にねじ込むことを可能にする。 別の望ましい実施形態は、インプラントの回転体が中空状に形成され、その正 面に封止カバーが取り付けられていることである。これによって骨屑または代替 骨材料を回転体内に容易に充填でき、数少ない操作によってインプラントを確実 に組み立てることが出来る。この場合ケージは、組立を可能にするために、二分 割式に形成されているのが合理的である。この様な用途では、回転体も長手溝の 形をした穿孔を備えていることが望ましく、そして骨が迅速に根づくのを可能に するためにケージの側面に長穴切取り部が設けられている。 該長手溝はX線撮影による骨の成長の検査を可能にする。終端板屑を中空回転 体内に侵入させるナイフエッジを長手切取り部に設けるのが望ましい。 回転体がシリンダ状の場合には、ケージは直方体状に形成されていてよく、そ して回転体が然るべく円錐状に形成されている場合はケージはくさび状に形成さ れていてよい。 インプラントの位置安定性もしくは隣接する椎体の回転安定性を向上させるた めに、ケージの上面とベース面は三次元構造(これは、長手条溝の形をしている のが望ましいが)を備えているのが合理的である。 これまでの技術水準に基づくインプラントと比べて本発明によるインプラント の以下のその他の利点が得られる: − スリップ安定性、 − 改善されたX線透過性;および − 回転体内にあるいは有るべき挿入された骨材料の圧縮性。 本発明とその実施形態を以下において実施例の一部模式図的な描写をもとにし てさらに詳しく説明することにする。 図1は本発明に従うインプラントのケージの透視画法による描写を示し、 図2は本発明に従うインプラントの開かれた回転体の透視画法による描写を示 し、 図3は本発明に従うインプラントの閉じられた回転体の透視画法による描写を 示し、 図4は本発明に従うインプラントの完全に組み立てた状態の透視画法による描 写を示し、 図5は図4のインプラントの側面図を示し、 図6は図4のインプラントの正面図を示し、 図7は本発明に従うインプラントの別の実施形態の分解された状態の透視画法 による描写を示し、そして 図8は図7のインプラントの組立てられた状態の側面図を示している。 図1から図3に分解図の形で示した椎間インプラントは、基本的には上面とベ ース面(11、12)に開口部のあるフレーム状ケージ1によって構成され、該 ケージはそれぞれ1つの長穴19を呈する2つの側面13と14、孔17を呈す る1つの正面壁15、および1つの後部壁16を有している。ケージ1の形状は この実施形態では直方体状であるが、ケージ1の形状は(図7と図8に示したよ うに)くさび状であっても良い。ケージ1は図1に示したように一体式か、ある いは多分割式(しかし図7と図8をもとに説明されているように二分割式が望ま しい)のいずれかで製造できる。 インプラントの差し込みと隣接する椎体の回転安定性を向上させるために、上 面とベース面11、12に三次元構造18(長手条溝の形が望ましいが)を付与 することが出来る。 中空シリンダ状回転体2は、回転可能にケージ1に取り付けられている。この 目的のために、回転体2はその後部ベース面でジャーナル25を呈し、該ジャー ナルはケージ1の後部壁16の切取り部26に差し込むことができる。回転体2 の外被面は少なくとも2mmのピッチと0.8mmから2.2mmの深さ(望ま しくは1.5mmから2.0mm)を有する雄ねじの形をした螺旋状構造物21 を呈している。 回転体2の長さは上から回転体をケージ内に十分に挿入可能なようにケージの 内部寸法に合わされているので、その結果として回転体は他の保持手段なしにケ ージ内で回転可能に取り付けられて封止されている(図4と図6)。その正面2 2に駆動工具を収容するのに用いられる六角開口部27を有する取り外し可能な 封止カバー23が回転体2に取り付けられている。これによって骨屑または代替 骨材料を充填することができる。封止カバー23には、互いに向かい合っている 少なくとも2個の突起28が取り付けられ、該突起は回転体2の正面22の然る べき溝29にかみ合うことができるので、封止カバー23は正面22と同一面に なるように沈めることができる。さらに回転体2には穿孔24が設けられ、該穿 孔はナイフエッジを有する長手切取り部として形成されているのが望ましい。該 ナイフエッジはアンダカットしてあるのが望ましい。 ケージ1の正面壁15は(図4から判るように)封止カバー23の六角開口部 27に器具を差し込むための孔17を備えている。これによって回転体2をケー ジ1内で回転させることができる。 図5から判るように、螺旋状構造物21は雄ねじの形で回転体2の外被面上で ケージ1の上面とベース面11、12からそれぞれ1.0mmから2.0mm突 き出ている。 図7と図8には本発明に基づくインプラントの別の実施形態が示してある。該 実施形態では、ケージ1は二分割式に、そして回転体2は切頭円錐としてそれぞ れ形成されている。図7と図8のインプラントの構造は図1から図6の実施形態 のインプラントの構造とほとんど同じであるが、ケージ1は異なっている。該ケ ージは2つの個別部品である上部1aと下部1bによって構成されている。上部 1aは4個の突起30を備えていて、該突起は下部1bの然るべく4個の切取り 部31と噛み合うことができるので、その結果として切頭円錐状の回転体2を簡 単かつ迅速に両方の個別部品1aと1bの間で組み立て、回転可能に取り付ける ことができる。 ケージ1と回転体2はチタン、チタン合金、セラミックス、または生体適合性 のあるプラスチックによって製造されているのが望ましい。 以下において、図7と図8に基づくインプラントをもとにして臨床への適用に 関して詳細に記述することにする。 図7に示した中空回転体2は骨屑(ボーングラフトまたは代替骨材料)ととも に(場合によっては骨屑を圧縮した上で)充填され、封止カバー23によって封 止される。このあと、充填された回転体2はケージ1の両方の個別部品1aと1 bの間に挿入され、その際に回転体2のジャーナル25は個別部品1aと1bの 切取り部26に入り、そして上と下から軽く圧力をかけることによって突起30 が切取り部31にはまり合って両方の個別部品1aと1bは閉じられてケージ1 になる。こうしてインプラントは可能な限り延伸器具を用いることなく、えぐり 広げられた椎間スペース内にねじ込まれる。駆動工具(望ましくは六角レンチ) は、この場合、ケージ1の正面壁13の孔17を介して封止カバー23の六角開 口部27に差し込むことができるので、回転体2をケージ1内で容易に回転させ ることができ、そしてケージ1から突き出ている雄ねじの形をした螺旋状構造物 21のために椎間スペース内にねじ込むことができる。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 1.2つの側面(13、14)、1つの正面壁(15)、および1つの後部壁( 16)を有し、上面とベース面(11、12)に開口部のあるフレーム状ケージ (1)を備えた椎間インプラントにおいて、 A)回転体(2)は回転可能にケージ(1)内に取り付けられていて、その際 に回転体(2)の外被面は螺旋状構造物(21)を備えていること; B)該螺旋状構造物(21)はケージ(1)の上面とベース面(11、12) から突き出ていること;および C)正面壁(15)は駆動工具を差し込むための開口部(17)を呈している こと(該駆動工具によって回転体(2)をケージ(1)内で回転させることが可 能である)を特徴とするインプラント。 2.回転体(2)は中空状に形成され、その正面壁(22)で封止カバー(23 )を呈しているのが望ましいことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載のインプ ラント。 3.ケージ(1)は直方体状に、回転体(2)はシリンダ状にそれぞれ形成され ていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載のインプラント。 4.ケージ(1)がくさび状に、回転体(2)が円錐状にそれぞれ形成されてい ることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載のインプラント。 5.ナイフエッジを有する長手切取り部の形が望ましい穿孔(24)が回転体( 2)に設けられていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ないし第4項のいずれ か1項に記載のインプラント。 6.ケージ(1)は二分割式に形成されていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1 項ないし第5項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。 7.上面とベース面(11、12)には三次元構造(18)(望ましくは長手条 溝の形)が設けられていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ないし第6項のい ずれか1項に記載のインプラント。 8.側面(13、14)に長穴切取り部(19)が設けられていることを特徴と する請求の範囲第1項ないし第7項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。 9.螺旋状構造物(21)は雄ねじ、螺旋状条溝、または溝であることを特徴と する請求の範囲第1項ないし第8項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。 10.螺旋状構造物(21)はケージ(1)の上面とベース面(11、12)か ら1.0mmないし2.0mm、望ましくは1.35mmないし1.70mm突 き出ていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項ないし第9項のいずれか1項に記 載のインプラント。 11.螺旋状構造物(21)のピッチは少なくとも2mmであることを特徴とす る請求の範囲第1項ないし第10項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。 12.螺旋状構造物(21)の深さは0.8mmないし2.2mmの間、望まし くは1.5mmないし2.0mmの間であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項 ないし第11項のいずれか1項に記載のインプラント。
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US5888228A (en) 1999-03-30
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JP3621424B2 (ja) 2005-02-16
EP0857041B1 (de) 2001-04-11
CA2229734C (en) 2004-02-03
WO1997015246A1 (de) 1997-05-01
TW374722B (en) 1999-11-21
KR100392090B1 (ko) 2004-02-05
ATE200409T1 (de) 2001-04-15
CA2229734A1 (en) 1997-04-21
ES2158132T3 (es) 2001-09-01

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