JP3892492B2 - 骨接続のための取り外し自在な接続螺子装置 - Google Patents

骨接続のための取り外し自在な接続螺子装置 Download PDF

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JP3892492B2
JP3892492B2 JP28154895A JP28154895A JP3892492B2 JP 3892492 B2 JP3892492 B2 JP 3892492B2 JP 28154895 A JP28154895 A JP 28154895A JP 28154895 A JP28154895 A JP 28154895A JP 3892492 B2 JP3892492 B2 JP 3892492B2
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screw
bone
vertebrae
cylindrical
groove
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JPH08252265A (ja
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マルナイ ティエリー
ウペルト ジャン
アメイル マール
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アエスキュラップ アーゲー ウント コンパニー カーゲー
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7002Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods
    • A61B17/7004Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods with a cross-section which varies along its length
    • A61B17/7007Parts of the longitudinal elements, e.g. their ends, being specially adapted to fit around the screw or hook heads
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7002Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods
    • A61B17/701Longitudinal elements with a non-circular, e.g. rectangular, cross-section
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/80Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/864Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor hollow, e.g. with socket or cannulated
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    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8685Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor comprising multiple separate parts
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/28Bones
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、少なくとも2つの椎骨の安定化を特に目的としているがこれに限定されない人工骨の再装着可能な接合ねじ装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
椎間板の修復不可能な部分では、椎間板を切除して補綴物に置換するか、または椎間板を固定する、即ち隣接する2つの椎骨の整復後に動かないようにする術式が存在する。
【0003】
このような固定は一般にねじ止めした金属プレートを用いて行うが、骨組織の癒着を起すように関連する椎骨の間の骨組織の増加をねらった椎間補綴物を用いるのが望ましい。
【0004】
このため上面と下面とが安定させようとする椎骨の骨体に固着するのに適し、かつ骨の癒着と増加が可能なように開いた移植補綴物を用いて、摺動しないようにねじ止めにより最終的に固定を行う。
【0005】
この種の移植は、特に作成する部材が多数であるため移植が困難になるという不便を呈している。
【0006】
この不便の幾つかを解消するため、米国特許出願第5,026,373号およびヨーロッパ特許公開第0369603号では、椎間板の部分の対向する2つの側面に対にして移植可能で、それぞれが内部の長手方向の棒によって螺旋形が保持され椎骨の骨体内で2つの椎骨の間に設けたねじを切った穴にねじ止めされるヘリコイド状のワイヤから構成される癒合ケージが提案され骨組織を前記ケージの内側に配置し骨組織を増加させることにより周辺の骨組織との癒着を図るようになっている。
【0007】
しかしながら、この種のケージは、特に内部の長手方向の棒が鑞付けによりヘリコイド状のワイヤに固定されており、さまざまな処理にも関わらず鑞付け部分が徐々に酸化することによる不便を呈している。
【0008】
単一または複数の椎骨領域の場合、フランス特許公開第2651992号に開示されているように、この領域の高さで脊柱を安定させ、損傷した椎骨を跨ぎ両端で無傷の椎骨にねじにより固定されるプレートを使用する。
【0009】
この種の装置は、多数の部材を作成する不便があり、他方で異なる軸にねじを配置する必要があるため、外科的処置が複雑化する。
【0010】
さらに、ねじによる固定は、脊柱の応力がかかることで時間の経過により必ずしも安定せず、ひとつまたは複数のねじが空回りして患者にとって重大な結果を招きかねない。
【0011】
これらの装置における別の重大な不便は、それぞれが1種類の修復を目的としたものであり、特殊な付属品を必要とすることである。
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、少なくとも2つの椎骨の安定化を目的とし、単一の補装具で所定位置に装着することが可能であり、同様に骨の連結ならびに2つの骨片の連結に使用することができる、骨接合のために取り外し自在な連結ねじ装置を提供することにより既知の装置の各種の不便を解消することを目的とする。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明による連結ねじ装置は、単一部材の円筒状の本体からなり、前記円筒状の本体の内部に開いた開口部が螺子山の谷に設けてある外螺子が設けてあることと、前記円筒状の本体の一方の端部は内螺子を含み螺子切りしてある塞栓子の螺子止めによる装着ができるように形成されていることを特徴とする。
【0014】
すなわち、椎間固定の場合、本発明の装置は2つの椎骨の間で予め穿孔し螺子切りした穴に螺子止めし、次にここへ骨組織を取り入れてから塞栓子を取り付けることを特徴とする。
【0015】
本発明による装置の特定の実施態様において、塞栓子は円筒状の本体に螺子込める螺子が切ってあるのと対向する側に、これも螺子切りしてあり棒を装着できるように対角線上に溝が形成してある円筒状の突起を含み、前記突起に螺子止めするナットを用いて棒を保持する。
【0016】
この実施態様により本発明による螺子を椎骨のそれぞれに固定し、棒によりこれらを連結することが可能になるが、これは前記螺子のそれぞれにはこの種の塞栓子を設けてあることによる。
【0017】
この点に関して、一方では椎骨をひとつまたは複数のほかの骨と隣接させるまたは隔離することができ、他方で、棒は椎骨の骨体内または2つの椎骨の間に螺子止めした2つ以上の本発明による螺子により固定することができることがわかる。
【0018】
本発明による装置の円筒状の本体は、望ましくはチタン等の生体親和性のある金属の円筒を切削し、サンドブラストまたは梨目加工で表面処理するかまたはチタンのプラズマまたはハイドロキシアパタイトで被覆する。またプラスチックや生体吸収性の材料からなるものとすることも可能である。
【0019】
本発明による装置の塞栓子はチタン等の金属、またはプラスチックや生体吸収性の材料からなるようにしてもよい。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
本発明による装置の装着には大がかりな器械的手段の実施を必要とせず、有利にも内視鏡的に実現することが可能である。
【0021】
本発明の利点ならびに特徴は後述の詳細な説明と添付の図面を参照することでいっそう明らかになろう。図面は本発明の制限を意図しない各種の実施態様を図示している。
【0022】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1および図2を参照すると、本発明による取り外し可能な螺子装置は、円筒状の本体1を含み、これの底部10には外螺子11が設けてあり、上部12には内螺子13が設けてある。
【0023】
内螺子13は骨組織を取り入れてから円筒状の本体を封止するために螺子20を設けてある塞栓子2をねじ込むことができる。
【0024】
塞栓子2は例えば六角形の凹面21を含みねじ込むことができるようになっている。
【0025】
円筒状の本体1に取り入れられた骨組織は骨にタッピングを実施する際に椎骨から取り出した骨組織とすることができることに注意すべきであろう。
【0026】
円筒状の本体1の部分10、12の内壁に長手方向に3本の溝14を切削し、等間隔に3個の突起15が残るようにする。
【0027】
溝14は外螺子11の谷16に向って円筒状の本体の側壁の厚みより深さが大きく、螺子の底が切り取られて溝14に対し外螺子11の螺旋の間に開口部17が作られるようにして、周辺の骨との癒着させるため骨組織が通過できるようにする。
【0028】
円筒状の本体は使用する材料の性質によって異なる方法で実現することができる。たとえばチタン等の生体親和性の高い硬い材料の場合には、旋盤または電子ボール盤で実現することになるが、もっと硬度の低い材料、たとえばプラスチック材料または生体吸収性材料の場合には、射出成型によって実現することができる。
【0029】
開口部17の側壁18はテーパー状にしておき、骨組織にタッピングした穴に円筒状の本体1をねじ込む際に側壁18によりタッピングの螺子山先端部の破壊が起り、採取された骨組織が円筒状の本体1に取り入れられる。
【0030】
この現象は、特に図3に示したような特定の形状を螺子山11に設けることにより増加させることができる。
【0031】
本実施の形態において、螺子山11の断面形状は前述の実施態様の場合のように四角形であって円錐状ではなく、開口部17の側壁が直線状で鋭利になるようにしてある。
【0032】
予め適合するタッピングを行い、例えば深さを外螺子11の深さより大きくとっておくことにより、ねじ込みの時に円筒状の本体1の完全な適合を実現しつつ大量の骨組織を取り入れることができる。
【0033】
同様の目的で、螺子の谷の端部はセルフタッピング用の溝を含むことができ、この場合には予めタップをたてておく必要はなく、またはそれほど深くない螺子穴を作るだけでよく、採取される骨組織が円筒状の本体1の内部に入り込むようにすることができる。
【0034】
図4を参照すると本発明の装置の他の形態において、塞栓子3は外螺子30に対向する側に対角線方向に棒4を装着する溝32を設けてある螺子を切った突起31を含み、螺子切りした突起31にねじ込まれるナット33を用いて溝32に棒4を固定することができるようになっていることが分る。
【0035】
図5および図6を参照すると、本発明の装置の別の形態において、1本だけを図示してあるが2つの螺子1の接続はローレット加工を施し両端のそれぞれに穴50を開けたプレート5を介して実現し、穴に塞栓子6の螺子切り部分60を導入できるようにする。塞栓子6はプレート5のよりよい固定を行うために平坦で大きめの頭61を含む。
【0036】
本発明は実施態様の幾つかについて前述した説明に制限されるものではなく本発明の範囲を逸脱することなく幾つかの変更を行うことができることは明らかであろう。
【0037】
本発明の装置の円筒状の部分は、装着の前または後でセメントをも充填することができる。
【0038】
一方で本発明による装置は、棒、プレートまたは螺子切りした軸との固定システムを、螺子切りした部分のタッピングによって機械的に螺子止めすることにより骨接合材料の固定用螺子として用いることが可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明による取り外し自在な螺子装置の第1の実施形態の平面図
【図2】図1の装置の上面図
【図3】本発明による装置の第2の実施形態の長手方向の断面図
【図4】本発明による装置の実施形態の変化の平面図
【図5】本発明による別の実施形態の上面図
【図6】本発明による別の実施形態の分解斜視図
【符号の説明】
1 本体
2 塞栓子
3 塞栓子
4 棒
5 プレート
6 塞栓子
10 底部
11 外螺子
12 上部
13 内螺子
14 溝
17 開口部
18 側壁
20 螺子
21 凹面
30 外螺子
31 突起
32 溝
33 ナット
50 穴
60 螺子部分

Claims (1)

  1. 椎間固定、あるいは椎骨のそれぞれに螺子を固定し棒あるいはプレートによりこれらを連結することによる、少なくとも2つの椎骨の安定化を目的とした骨接続のための接続螺子装置であって、
    軸を有し、内螺子(13)を内側に形成したカップ状の上部を備えた、円筒状で中空の本体(1)と、
    外側に外螺子(11)を形成した底部(10)とを備え、
    前記内螺子は賽栓子(3)をねじ込みにより装着可能である接続螺子装置において、
    前記底部(10)の内壁に長手方向に切削して形成された溝(14)を備え、該溝(14)は、本体の側壁の厚みより大きい深さを有し、前記底部(10)の内壁に間隔を置いて並ぶ突起(15)を形成し、
    前記外螺子(11)の谷(16)に沿った前記溝(14)の幅は、前記突起(15)の幅より大きく、
    前記塞栓子(3)は前記円筒状の本体(1)にねじ込むことのできる螺子に対向する側において対角線方向に溝(32)が設けてあり、かつ螺子切りした円筒状の突起(31)を含み、前記突起にねじ込まれるナット(33)により保持される棒(4)が装着できるように形成されていることを特徴とする接続螺子装置。
JP28154895A 1994-10-28 1995-10-30 骨接続のための取り外し自在な接続螺子装置 Expired - Lifetime JP3892492B2 (ja)

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FR9413103A FR2726171B1 (fr) 1994-10-28 1994-10-28 Dispositif de vis de liaison rehabitable pour articulation osseuse, destine notamment a la stabilisation d'au moins deux vertebres

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EP0504103B1 (de) * 1991-03-11 1995-04-26 Institut Straumann Ag Hilfsmittel zum Befestigen und Halten einer Abdeckung an einem Kieferknochen
SE510158C2 (sv) * 1992-10-29 1999-04-26 Medevelop Ab Förankringselement för uppbärande av proteser samt användning av sådant förankringselement för fixering av proteser

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KR960013335A (ko) 1996-05-22
FR2726171B1 (fr) 1997-01-24
ES2136483B1 (es) 2000-08-16
MX9504327A (es) 1997-03-29
FR2726171A1 (fr) 1996-05-03
JPH08252265A (ja) 1996-10-01
US5658285A (en) 1997-08-19
GB9521971D0 (en) 1996-01-03
GB2294399A (en) 1996-05-01
DE19540180A1 (de) 1996-05-23
JP2006314817A (ja) 2006-11-24
ES2136483A1 (es) 1999-11-16
GB2294399B (en) 1999-03-24

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