JP2023103318A - 方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
多数の様々な種類の血液癌が存在する。本発明は、前駆B細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病ではない血液癌まで及ぶ。
AMLのFrench-American-British分類は以下に基づく:
CMLは、見通しの予測に役立つ3つのグループに分類される。これらのグループはステージではなくフェーズと称される。フェーズは、血液又は骨髄中に見られる未成熟白血球-骨髄芽球(芽球)-の数に主に基づく。異なるグループの専門家はフェーズを定義するために若干異なるカットオフ値を示唆しているが、(世界保健機関により提案される)一般的な体系を以下に記載する。
このフェーズの患者は、典型的には、血液又は骨髄試料中に10%未満の芽球を有する。これらの患者は通常、(たとえあったとしても)かなり軽度の症状を有し、通常、標準的な治療に反応する。大抵の患者は、慢性フェーズで診断される。
以下のいずれかに該当する場合、患者は加速フェーズにあるとみなされる:
・骨髄及び血液試料が、10%を超えるが20%未満の芽球を有する
・高血中好塩基球数(白血球の少なくとも20%を構成する好塩基球)
・治療によって改善しない、高い白血球数
・治療によりもたらされたものでない、非常に高い又は非常に低い血小板数
・白血病細胞における新たな染色体変化
このフェーズにおける患者から得られる骨髄及び/又は血液試料は、20%を超える芽球を有する。芽細胞は、骨髄を超えて組織及び臓器に広がることがよくある。これらの患者は、発熱、食欲不振及び体重減少を有することが多い。このフェーズでは、CMLは侵攻性の急性白血病と非常に同じようにふるまう。
分類は免疫表現型に基づいてもよい。細胞遺伝学的試験、フローサイトメトリー及び他の検査室試験により、ALLの亜型及び患者の予後についてより詳細な情報が提供される。これらの試験は、白血病の免疫表現型に基づきALLをグループ分けするのに役立ち、それは以下を考慮する:
・白血病が由来するリンパ球の種類(B細胞又はT細胞)
・これらの白血病細胞がどれほど成熟しているか
B細胞ALL
・初期の前駆B細胞ALL(Early pre-B ALL)(pro-B ALLとも称される)-約10%の症例
・一般的なALL(Common ALL)-約50%の症例
・前駆B細胞ALL-約10%の症例
・成熟B細胞ALL(バーキット白血病)-約4%の症例
・前駆T細胞ALL-約5~10%の症例
・成熟T細胞ALL-約15~20%の症例
近年、新たな検査室試験により、少数の急性白血病は実際にはリンパ球性の特徴及び骨髄性の特徴の両方を有することが示された。白血病細胞は、同一細胞において骨髄性の形質及びリンパ球性の形質の両方を有することがある。他の症例では、ある人は骨髄性の特徴を有するいくつかの白血病細胞及びリンパ球性の特徴を有する他の白血病細胞を有し得る。これらの種類の白血病は、混合系統白血病、骨髄性マーカーを有するALL(My+ALL)、リンパ球性マーカーを有するAML、又は急性混合型白血病(BAL)と称され得る。
CLLをステージ分類するための2つの異なるシステムがある:
・Raiシステム:これは米国でより頻繁に使用される。
・Binetシステム:これは欧州でより広く使用される。
Raiシステムは1968年に最初に考案された。当時、CLLを診断するのに必要であったのは、(感染のような)いかなる他の原因をも有しないリンパ球増加症-血液及び骨髄中の多数のリンパ球、のみであった。これは当初、15,000個リンパ球/mm3を超える血液、及び少なくとも40%のリンパ球から構成される骨髄と定義されていた。
・Raiステージ0:リンパ球増加症であり、リンパ節、脾臓、又は肝臓の腫大がなく、赤血球及び血小板数が正常に近い。
・RaiステージI:リンパ球増加症+リンパ節腫大。脾臓及び肝臓は腫大しておらず、赤血球及び血小板数は正常に近い。
・RaiステージII:リンパ節腫大を伴う又は伴わない、リンパ球増加症+脾臓腫大(及び場合によっては肝臓腫大)、赤血球及び血小板数は正常に近い。
・RaiステージIII:リンパ節、脾臓又は肝臓腫大を伴う又は伴わない、リンパ球増加症+貧血(少なすぎる赤血球)。血小板数は正常に近い。
・RaiステージIV:貧血、リンパ節、脾臓又は肝臓腫大を伴う又は伴わない、リンパ球増加症+血小板減少症(少なすぎる血小板)
1. 成熟B細胞新生物
2. 成熟T細胞及びNK細胞新生物
3. 前駆リンパ性新生物
4. ホジキンリンパ腫
5. 免疫不全関連リンパ増殖性障害
無症候性/くすぶり型骨髄腫:モノクローナル(M)タンパク質が≧30g/L、及び/又は骨髄クローン細胞が≧10%であるが、関連の臓器若しくは組織障害(related organ or tissue impairment、ROTI)(末端臓器損傷)がない。
ステージI:血清β2ミクログロブリン<3.5 mg/L、かつ血清アルブミン≧3.5 g/dL
ステージII:ステージIでもステージIIIでもない
ステージIII:血清β2ミクログロブリン≧5.5 mg/L
骨髄腫はステージI、ステージII又はステージIII骨髄腫であり得る。
本発明の他の態様では、本発明者は驚くべきことに、血液癌でも固形腫瘍により特徴づけられる癌でも癌幹細胞において5T4が発現されることを見出した。
5T4は、70%を超える腎臓、胸部、消化管、結腸、及び卵巣の上皮癌で発現することが知られている、72kDaの癌胎児性糖タンパク質である。しかし、本発明の前には、それが血液悪性腫瘍上に発現することは考えられていなかった。
「標的とする」とは、治療的又は予防的介入が5T4抗原に基づくか、又は5T4抗原に向けられることを意味する。これは、例えば、5T4抗原を含む免疫学的組成物又はワクチンの対象への投与等の能動免疫療法アプローチを含み得る。或いは、受動免疫療法、例えば、養子T細胞又はB細胞移入(adoptive T cell transfer or B cell transfer)が取られ得る。養子T細胞又はB細胞移入では、5T4抗原を認識するT若しくはB細胞、又はT及びB細胞が、腫瘍又は他の生体組織(限定されないが、リンパ節、血液又は腹水を含む)から単離され、ex vivo又は in vitroで増殖させられ、対象に再投与される。このようなT又はB細胞は、5T4を認識するよう操作され得る。
一態様では、5T4標的剤は抗体である。つまり、5T4を認識するか、又は5T4に特異的な抗体、即ち、抗体は5T4抗原に特異的に結合する。
癌抗原又は癌抗原由来のペプチドを含有する癌ワクチンが提案されている。
更なる態様では、本発明は、対象における血液癌の治療又は予防における使用のための、5T4を認識する細胞、好ましくは免疫細胞、例えばT細胞又はナチュラルキラー(NK)細胞又はNK T細胞、を提供する。或いは、本発明は、対象における血液癌の治療又は予防における使用のための医薬の製造における、5T4を認識するT細胞、NK細胞、又はNKT細胞等の免疫細胞の使用を提供する。更なる選択肢では、本発明は、対象における血液癌の治療又は予防における、5T4を認識する免疫細胞、好ましくはT細胞の使用を提供する。一態様では、このような5T4標的細胞は、腫瘍浸潤リンパ球(TIL)である。一態様では、対象は哺乳動物、好ましくはヒトである。
i) 対象から単離された試料から細胞を単離すること;及び
ii)細胞を増殖させて、5T4を標的とする細胞集団を提供すること。
(i) 対象から細胞含有試料を単離すること;
(ii) 5T4を標的とする細胞集団を増殖させること;及び
(iii) 対象に(ii)由来の細胞を投与すること。
(i) 細胞含有試料を単離すること;
(ii) 5T4を認識するCAR又はTCRを発現するように細胞を操作し、5T4を標的とする細胞集団を提供すること;及び
(iii) 操作された細胞を増殖させること;
(iv) 対象に(ii)又は(iii)由来の細胞を投与すること。
(i) 血液癌を有する患者を特定すること;及び
(ii) 任意選択で、そのような患者の血液癌細胞が5T4抗原を発現するか否か判定すること;及び
(iii) 本明細書に定義される細胞若しくは細胞集団(又は任意の5T4標的剤)を前記患者に投与すること。
本発明はまた、モノクローナル抗5T4抗体由来の重鎖(VH)及び軽鎖(VL)可変断片を含む細胞外リガンド結合ドメイン、リンカー、ヒンジ、膜貫通ドメイン、並びにシグナル伝達ドメイン及び共刺激ドメインを含む細胞質ドメインを含む、5T4特異的CARを提供する。本発明によるCARは、本明細書に記載の発明の任意の方法又は使用において用いられ得る。
本発明はまた、配列番号1のアミノ酸配列をコードするヌクレオチド配列、又は配列番号1に対し少なくとも92%の同一性を有する配列を有する核酸分子を包含する。核酸分子は、配列番号1に対し92、93、94、95、96、97、98、99又は100%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列をコードし得る。一態様では、核酸分子は、配列番号1の配列からなるアミノ酸配列をコードする。
本発明の5T4特異的CARは、療法において、即ち薬剤として使用され得る。
提供されるのは、操作された免疫細胞又は免疫刺激細胞等の細胞、並びに養子療法等において当該細胞を産生及び使用するための方法、及び当該細胞を含有する医薬組成物等の組成物である。
本発明による細胞又は細胞集団は、医薬組成物等の組成物の形態で投与されてもよく、その組成物は、細胞若しくは細胞集団及び1種以上の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含み得る。
本発明による5T4標的剤、例えば5T4特異的CAR T細胞は、単独療法として、又は例えば、癌、例えば血液癌の治療のための標準的ケアと組み合わせて使用され得る。
本明細書に記述されるように、更なる態様では、本発明による5T4標的剤は、それ自体が、癌細胞、例えば血液癌細胞に、例えば毒性分子を選択的に送達する担体として作用し得る。即ち、例えば抗体/CARの特異性により、5T4を発現する細胞への毒性ペイロードの選択的送達が達成され得る。
<2E4抗体の製造>
カラムクロマトグラフィー(ニッケルビーズ)を用いてCHO細胞から精製した、C末端エンテロキナーゼ切断配列、mycエピトープ、及び6ヒスチジンタグを有する、5T4の細胞外ドメインを含む組み換えタンパク質を、免疫原として用いた。Immuno-Precise(カナダ) ラピッドプライムプロトコルを利用し(3匹のマウスを免疫化後、4回迅速なブースト(rapid boost)を行った)、マウスにおいてmAbを作成した。
EF1α-H8-4-1BB/CD3ζ 5T4コンストラクト(pRKh- EF1α-H8-4-1BB)は、図1Bに記載のように生成した;5T4-CARタンパク質をコードするコドン最適化配列(配列番号9)(H8 scFv抗原結合ドメイン、CD8ヒンジ及び膜貫通ドメイン、4-1BB共刺激ドメイン、並びにCD3ζ刺激ドメインから成る)は、デノボDNA合成により生成した。合成した5T4-CARカセットをHIV-1 GFPゲノムプラスミド(pRKHVCG)に挿入してGFP遺伝子を置換し、5T4-CAR導入遺伝子を内部サイトメガロウィルス(CMV)プロモーターの下流に配置してpRKh5T4CD8プラスミドを生じさせた。最後に、CMVプロモーターを、伸長因子1α(EF1α)プロモーターと置換してpRKh-EF1α-H8-4-1BBを産生した;EF1α配列(配列番号10)は、pEF1α-coTRAP-Puroプラスミドに由来していた。
<腫瘍細胞株:>
調査した腫瘍細胞株は、NCI-H226(中皮腫、ATCC; Middlesex, UK)、SKOV-3 (卵巣腺癌、ATCC; Middlesex, UK)、BT20 (乳癌、ATCC; Middlesex, UK)、OVCAR-3 (卵巣腺癌、ATCC; Middlesex, UK)、LS174T (結腸直腸腺癌、ATCC; Middlesex, UK)、DLD-1 (結腸直腸、ATCC; Middlesex, UK)、及びNCI-H929 (骨髄腫、ATCC; Middlesex, UK)であった。
PBMCは、CTL(Bonn、Germany)から購入したか、又はCovance(Maidenhead、UK)から購入した血液から以前に生成した。T細胞は、以下からなるT細胞培地中で培養して、PBMCのバイアルから活性化させた: X-Vivo 15(Sartorius; Surrey, UK)、ヒトAB血清(Akron Biotech; Florida, US)、GlutaMax(Life Technologies; Carlsbad CA, US)、HEPES(Gibco; Paisley, UK; Paisley, UK)、N-アセチルシステイン(APP Pharmaceuticals; Illinois, US)、ピルビン酸ナトリウム(SIGMA, DORSET, UK)、MEMイーグルビタミン混合(Eagle Vitamin mix)(Lonza; Slough, UK)及びrhIL-2(R&D Systems; Abingdon, UK)。簡単に説明すると、凍結したPBMCのバイアルを、37℃に設定した水浴中で穏やかに解凍することにより復活させ、細胞を予め加温した培地にゆっくりと添加した。細胞のアリコートは、Guava PCAを用いて計数した。細胞を遠心沈殿させ、5×105細胞/mlを与えるような容量の培地に再懸濁した。T細胞は、3:1のビーズ対細胞比でCD3/CD8増殖ビーズ(expansion beads)(GIBCO; Paisley, UK)を用いて、活性化した。ビーズを洗浄し、PBS中に再懸濁した後、4×106細胞及び1.2×107ビーズ及び500μl培地を24ウェルプレートに加えた。
上述のようにT細胞活性化のためにPBMCを調製した。その後、250μlの適切に希釈したベクター、即ちCAR-T 5T4コンストラクト(H8及び2E4)を添加することにより、2回、連続した日(活性化直後の0日目、及び1日目)に、細胞に形質導入した。細胞は、感受性細胞に対するウイルス粒子の比を表す1、0.33及び0.11の感染多重度(MOI)で、ベクターを用いて形質導入した。陰性対照として、PBMCを活性化させたが、ベクターは添加しなかった。形質導入後、細胞は、5×105の濃度でMM+IL-2中で維持した。細胞を維持するために、穏やかなピペッティングによりウェルを完全に再懸濁し、Guava PCAを用いて3、6、9、10及び14日目に計数するためにアリコートを取り出した。MM+IL2を細胞に添加して、細胞を5×105細胞/mlの濃度に維持し、必要に応じて増殖培養物をT25及びT75フラスコに移した。10日目には、培地にIL-2を添加しなかった。細胞は14日目まで培養し、14日目にサイトカイン放出及び殺細胞(WST-1)アッセイにより機能性について評価した。
サイトカイン放出アッセイは、製造業者の使用説明書に従って行った。試験試料(7μl)を43μlの緩衝液に添加した。CBA Flex Set(BD Biosciences; Oxford, UK)をプロトコルに従って用い、CBA分析を行った。FCAP Arrayソフトウェア(BD Biosciences; Oxford, UK)上で、データを分析した。
標的細胞(NCI-H226又はLS174T)を各ウェルに添加した(平底96ウェルプレートの1×104)。T細胞を0.5:1、1:1、10:1及び30:1のE:T比で添加した。標的細胞のみ及びT細胞のみの対照もまた、調製した。細胞を、5% CO2雰囲気中、37℃で18~24時間、インキュベートした。
([実験O.D)-(対照O.D.)]/([最大O.D.)-(対照O.D.])×100
5T4特異的モノクローナル抗体又は可溶性5T4タンパク質を腫瘍細胞株及びCAR-5T4 T細胞と共にインキュベートした遮断実験により、5T4 CARコンストラクトの特異性を決定した。両遮断薬を漸増し、IFNγ分泌に対する影響を評価した。
調査した腫瘍細胞株は、NCI-H226 (中皮腫、ATCC; Middlesex, UK)及びLS174T (結腸直腸腺癌、ATCC; Middlesex, UK)であった。NCI-H226細胞の培養に用いた培地は、RPMI 1640 (SIGMA, DORSET, UK)、1% グルタミン(SIGMA, DORSET, UK)、1% HEPES (Gibco; Paisley, UK)、1% ピルビン酸ナトリウム(SIGMA, DORSET, UK)及び10% FBS (SeraLabs; West Sussex, UK)であった。LS174T細胞の培養に用いた培地は、イーグル最小必須培地(SIGMA, DORSET, UK)、10% FBS (SeraLabs; West Sussex, UK)、1% グルタミン(SIGMA, DORSET, UK)であった。NCI-H929: RPMI1640 (SIGMA, DORSET, UK)、10% FBS (SeraLabs; West Sussex, UK)及び1% グルタミン(SIGMA, DORSET, UK)。
PBMCは、CTL(Bonn、Germany)から購入したか、又はCovance(Maidenhead、UK)から購入した血液から以前に生成した。T細胞は、以下からなるT細胞培地中で培養して、PBMCのバイアルから活性化させた: X-Vivo 15(Sartorius; Surrey, UK)、ヒトAB血清(Akron Biotech; Florida, US)、GlutaMax(Life Technologies; Carlsbad CA, US)、HEPES(Gibco; Paisley, UK; Paisley, UK)、N-アセチルシステイン(APP Pharmaceuticals; Illinois, US)、ピルビン酸ナトリウム(SIGMA, DORSET, UK)、MEMイーグルビタミン混合 (Lonza; Slough, UK)及びrhIL-2(R&D Systems; Abingdon, UK)。簡単に説明すると、凍結したPBMCのバイアルを、37℃に設定した水浴中で穏やかに解凍することにより復活させ、細胞を予め加温した培地にゆっくりと添加した。細胞のアリコートは、Guava PCAを用いて計数した。細胞を遠心沈殿させ、5×105細胞/mlを与えるような容量の培地に再懸濁した。T細胞は、3:1のビーズ対細胞比でCD3/CD8増殖ビーズ (GIBCO; Paisley, UK)を用いて、活性化した。ビーズを洗浄し、PBS中に再懸濁した後、4×106細胞及び1.2×107ビーズ及び500μl培地を24ウェルプレートに加えた。
上述のようにT細胞活性化のためにPBMCを調製した。その後、250μlの適切に希釈したベクター、即ちCAR-T 5T4コンストラクト(H8及び2E4)を添加することにより、2回、連続した日(活性化直後の0日目、及び1日目)に、細胞に形質導入した。細胞は、感受性細胞に対するウイルス粒子の比を表す1、0.33及び0.11の感染多重度(MOI)で、ベクターを用いて形質導入した。陰性対照として、PBMCを活性化させたが、ベクターは添加しなかった。形質導入後、細胞は、5×105の濃度でMM+IL-2中で維持した。細胞を維持するために、穏やかなピペッティングによりウェルを完全に再懸濁し、Guava PCAを用いて3、6、9、10及び14日目に計数するためにアリコートを取り出した。MM+IL2を細胞に添加して、細胞を5×105細胞/mlの濃度に維持し、必要に応じて増殖培養物をT25及びT75フラスコに移した。10日目には、培地にIL-2を添加しなかった。細胞は14日目まで培養し、14日目にサイトカイン放出及び殺細胞(WST-1)アッセイにより機能性について評価した。
遮断なし
T細胞及び標的細胞は、WST-1殺細胞アッセイと同様に調整した。WST-1を添加する前に、上清のアリコート(50μL)を取り、別のプレートに移し、サイトカイン放出アッセイによる分析前に-20℃で保存した。
T細胞を、1時間インキュベートする前に、連続希釈した組換え5T4タンパク質と共にインキュベートした。丸底96ウェルプレート中に1:1のE:T比でT細胞を腫瘍細胞に添加し(1×105細胞)、5% CO2雰囲気中、37℃で18~24時間インキュベートした後、上清を取って、別のプレートに移し、サイトカイン放出アッセイによる分析前に-20℃で保存した。
腫瘍細胞NCI-H226及びLS174Tを、200μg/mlの開始濃度を有する抗5T4抗体2E4の連続希釈液(1:10)と共に1時間インキュベートした。丸底96ウェルプレート中で1:1のE:T比で、2E4抗体と共にインキュベートした腫瘍細胞にT細胞を添加し(1×105細胞)、5% CO2雰囲気中、37℃で18~24時間インキュベートした後、上清を取って別のプレートに移し、サイトカイン放出アッセイによる分析前に-20℃で保存した。
本研究では、以下の組換えレンチウイルスベクターを用いた:
1. 卵巣癌を有する約15人の患者からの適合腫瘍(matched tumour)及び末梢血単核細胞の採取
2. 免疫組織化学を用いた、ホルマリン固定パラフィン包埋(FFPE)卵巣腫瘍切片上の5T4発現の評価
3. フローサイトメトリーを用いた、分離された(disaggregated)腫瘍細胞上の5T4発現の評価
4. サイトカイン放出により測定される、卵巣癌細胞と共培養した場合のCAR-T細胞の機能性の評価(図6で取り上げる)
英国マンチェスターのSt Mary's Hospitalで卵巣癌の手術を受けた患者から固形腫瘍生検を採取した。試料は、適切な倫理的承認(Ref: 14/NW/1260)及びインフォームドコンセントを得て、中央マンチェスター大学病院NHS Foundation Trust Biobankを通して採取した。固形腫瘍生検は、MACS組織保存溶液(Miltenyi Biotec, Germany)を含有する滅菌物(sterile universal)中に採取し、処理のために検査室に直接輸送するか、又は処理前最大24時間、4℃で保存した。EDTA (BD Biosciences, Oxford, UK)を含有するBD Vacutainer採血管に20~30mlの血液を採取した。血液試料は室温で保存し、採取後24時間以内に処理した。分析に利用可能な試料を表1に挙げる。
腫瘍分離(Tumour disaggregation)
製造業者のプロトコルに従って市販の機械的/酵素的分解キット(GentleMACS, Miltenyi Biotec, Germany)を用い、卵巣腫瘍試料を解離させ、単細胞懸濁液とした。簡単に説明すると、腫瘍生検を滅菌メスを用いて2~4mm3の断片に切断し、RPMI-1640(Lonza, Slough, UK)並びに適切な量の酵素H、R及びA(ヒト腫瘍分離キット、Miltenyi Biotec, Germany)を有するCチューブ(Miltenyi Biotec, Germany)に移した。次に、CチューブをGentleMACS分離装置(dissociator)上に上下逆に置き、36秒間の機械的分離プログラムに3回かけた(h_tumour_01、h_tumour_02及びh_tumour_03)。これには、1回目及び2回目の分離プログラム後に行ったMACSmixチューブ回転装置(tube rotator)(Miltenyi Biotec, Germany)を用いた連続回転下37℃での2回の30分インキュベーションを挟んだ。分離後、懸濁液を100μmストレーナーに通して、20mlのT細胞培地を有する50mlファルコンに入れ、400Gで5分間遠心分離した。上清を廃棄し、残った細胞ペレットを完全に再懸濁し、細胞を計数した。次に、細胞を90% FCS/10% DMSO中で1~2×107細胞/mlの濃度で凍結保存した。
腫瘍分離から得られた細胞は、1×106細胞/mlの濃度でT細胞培地中に再懸濁した。細胞懸濁液の100μlのアリコート(1×105細胞)を、96ウェルU底プレート上の適切な数のウェルに移した。細胞をFACS緩衝液中で1回洗浄し、暗所、4℃で30分間、FACS緩衝液中の1:100のEpCAM抗体(PE、クローン9C4、Biolegend)及び5T4抗体(クローンH8及び2E4)で染色した。この後、細胞をFACS緩衝液中で1回洗浄し、次いでPBS中の1%パラホルムアルデヒド(PFA)(Sigma-Aldrich, UK)200μl中に再懸濁した。固定細胞をFACSチューブに移した。LSR Fortessa(BD Biosciences, UK)上で分析を行った。データは、FlowJo v. 7.6.2ソフトウェア(Tree Star Inc, Ashland, OR)を用いて分析した。補正(Compensation)は、単一の染色対照を用いて手動で行った。
分量調整
(上述のように)ベクターは、TSSM製剤緩衝液中に予め製剤化して供給した。ベクターのバイアルをウェットアイス上で解凍した。必要に応じて、ベクターのバイアルを室温で短時間(数分)解凍した。解凍したら、バイアルをマイクロフュージ(microfuge)内で短時間パルスし(5~10秒、13,000rpm)、確実にすべてのベクター液(vector article)を蓋/キャップの内部から回収し、約3回上下にピペッティングして穏やかに混合することにより懸濁した。解凍したベクターは、解凍後ウェットアイス上で維持し、凍結保存から取り出した後3時間以内に使用した。ベクターのすべての希釈液を、細胞培養培地中に作製した。
卵巣癌を有する患者からフィコール密度遠心分離により末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を採取し、アリコートで凍結した。アリコートを解凍した後、PBMC由来のT細胞をネガティブ単離(negative Isolation)(Miltenyl Blotec)により濃縮し、適切なレンチウイルスベクター、抗CD3/CD28ダイナビーズ(Invitrogen, UK)及びIL-2(100IU/mL; Novartis)と混合した。必要に応じて新たな培地及びIL-2を添加しながら(一般的には2~3日毎)、その後7~14日間にわたって、T細胞の数を増加させた。ダイナビーズは、磁気分離により3~5日後に培養物から除去した。1~7日目は300IU/mLのIL2を有していたが、残りの日については100IU/mLに減量した。培養終了時に、遠心分離により細胞を採取し、フィコール密度遠心分離により死細胞を除去し、トリパンブルー排除及び血球計計数値により生存細胞数を決定した。
in vitro機能性アッセイには、96ウェルプレートの個々のウェルにおける、200μLの培地中の1:1の比率でのCAR-T細胞集団と適合標的腫瘍細胞との共培養が含まれた。同時に、CAR-T細胞を単独で(陰性対照)、並びに50ng/mLのPMA及び1μg/mLのロノマイシン(lonomycin)とともに(陽性対照)、培養した。37℃で24時間インキュベートした後、上清を採取し、サイトカイン産生を測定した。製造業者の使用説明書に従ってIFNγ及びIL-2 ELISAキット(いずれもDiaclone, France)を用いて、IFNγ及びIL-2産生を測定する。
以下の実施例は、NSGマウスで確立されたSKOV-3腫瘍に対する5T4特異的CARの試験に焦点を当てた。NHSBTから得たバフィーコートを末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)の供給源として用いた。CD3+ T細胞をネガティブ単離(Miltenyi Biotec)により単離し、ダイナビーズで活性化し、予め試験した量の、抗5T4(H8).CD28.CD3ζ (5T4.CD28ζ) CAR又は抗5T4(H8).4-1BB.CD3ζ (5T4.4-1BBζ) CARをコードするレンチウイルスベクターで形質導入した。次いで、形質導入した細胞をin vitroで増殖させた後、CAR発現及びin vitro機能について分析し、その後、確立したSKOV-3.Luc腫瘍を有するNSGマウスに静脈内注入した。以下、これについてさらに詳細に述べる。
T細胞の供給源として、バフィーコート(BC)92及び102を用いた。BC92からT細胞を単離すると、CD14+骨髄細胞及びCD19+ B細胞の頻度が減少する(それぞれ、14から2.4%、12.3から0.7%)と共に、CD3+ T細胞頻度が53から83%に増大した。BC108からでは、CD14+骨髄細胞及びCD19+ B細胞は各々1%未満の相対頻度に減少する(CD14+ 28.3%から0.9%; CD19+ 22.7%から0.5%)とともに、CD3+ T細胞は36.6%から81.5%に濃縮された。
5T4 CARの最初のin vivo試験は、他のCAR / TCRモデルについて我々のグループで以前に使用された設計に従った。簡潔に説明すると、約2.5×106個のSKOV3.Luc細胞をレシピエントNSG(NOD/SCID IL-2Rγ-/-)マウスに腹腔内経路により注射し、7日後にCAR-T細胞をIV経路により注入した(合計約2×107細胞)。6日目(T細胞移植の1日前)、及びその後、マウスを屠殺する約60日目まで定期的な時間に、Brukerシステムにより動物をイメージングした。この時点を選択したのは、我々の以前の研究により、ヒトT細胞がマウス組織抗原を認識する結果として、ヒトT細胞移植から約50~60日後に、NSGマウスが異種移植片対宿主疾患(xGvHD)の症状を発症し始めることが示されているためである。
本研究は、(上に示すように)卵巣(SKOV-3)腫瘍細胞株を有するNSGマウスモデルにおいて有効性を実証するのに必要な5T4-CAR形質導入T細胞の最小用量を推定するために設計した。
本研究では以下のベクターを用いた
1. 0日目: 100μLの食塩水中で腹腔内(IP)に2.5×106個のSKOV-3 Luc細胞を注射。
2. 7日目: 100μLの食塩水中で静脈内(IV)経路により5T4 CAR-T細胞を注入(用量については上表を参照されたい;対照動物には2×107個のモック形質導入細胞及び食塩水のみ投与)。
3. 6、13、20、27、34、41及び48日目:Luminaシステムを用いた腫瘍のIVISイメージング。
4. 14、21、28及び60日目:T細胞生着を分析するために尾部出血を採取。
60日目:実験終了時。可能であれば、腫瘍を発生した動物から組織を採取する。
1. 0日目: 1001-11食塩水中でi.pで2.5×106個のSKOV-3 Luc細胞を注射。
2. 7日目: 腹腔内(i.p.)又はi.v.経路により5T4 CART細胞を注入(用量の詳細については表3を参照されたい;対照動物には2×107個のモック形質導入細胞及び食塩水のみ投与)。
3. 6、13、20、27、34、41及び48日目:Luminaシステムを用いた腫瘍のIVISイメージング。
4. 14、21、28及び60日目:T細胞生着を分析するために尾部出血を採取。
5. 60日目: 5T4発現を決定するため、また5T4 CARを調べるために組織を採取及びIHCに利用。末端出血を採取し、5T4 CAR-T細胞についてフローサイトメトリーにより分析。CAR-T細胞が十分な数まで存在する場合、生着したCAR-T細胞の機能のin vitro評価は、サイトカイン産生について5T4+及び5T4-標的細胞とのin vitro共培養により評価される(培養上清のELISA又は細胞内フローサイトメトリーによる)。
本実験において、SKOV3.Luc腫瘍を有するNSGマウスは、2.2×105個のCAR-T細胞の用量に相当する0.1×107個のT細胞の用量まで5T4.CD28ζ CAR-T細胞を投与することにより、腫瘍成長に対し効果的に保護されたことが、生物発光から明らかであった。5T4.4-1BBζ CART細胞群の全マウスが実験終了時点までに腫瘍を生じたこともまた、明らかであった。
生物発光画像(図12)は、IV又はIP経路により高用量の5T4.CD28ζCAR-T細胞(6.5×105個のCAR+ T細胞に相当する1×107個の総T細胞)を投与したマウスでは、SKOV3-Luc腫瘍成長が制御されることを示した。106個の5T4.CD28ζ CAR-T 細胞(6.5×104個のCAR+ T 細胞に相当)を投与したIV及びIP処理動物の両方で、明らかな腫瘍成長の遅延があったが、腫瘍はこれらの動物で発生し、実験終了前に各群で死をもたらした(6.5×105個のCAR+ T 細胞に相当する1×107個の総T細胞)。5T4.4-1BBζ CAR-T細胞を投与した動物については、最大用量のCAR-T細胞で腫瘍成長に対する保護のレベルの低下があり、すべての動物で腫瘍成長を防ぐことはできなかった(2.6×105個のCAR+ T細胞に相当する1×107個の総T細胞)。対照動物はすべて74日以内に腫瘍成長で死亡した。
本研究は、SKOV-3卵巣癌モデルにおいて、異なる5T4 scFvを用いるコンストラクト(EF1α-H8-CAR-CD3ζ/4-1BB又はEF1α-2E4-CAR-CD3ζ/4-1BB)を比較した場合、優れた有効性の証拠があるか否かを判定するために行った。
各細胞集団の5T4特異的反応は、SKOV-3腫瘍細胞との共培養により評価した。すべての5T4-CAR T細胞集団は、モック形質導入T細胞のサイトカイン産生のバックグラウンドレベルを上回るIFNγ及びIL-2を産生した。さらに、EF1αプロモーターを含有するコンストラクトは、CMVプロモーターと比較してより高いサイトカインレベルを生じるように見えた。しかし、CMV群についてのフェノタイピングデータが欠如しているため、CMV群ではCAR+ T細胞数がEF1α群と比較して少なく、従ってサイトカイン放出が低いことを説明するという可能性を除外することはできない。H8及び2E4コンストラクトの比較については、同じ説明は成り立たず、2E4形質導入T細胞のパーセンテージ(29%)はH8コンストラクト(12.9%)よりも高いが、サイトカイン分泌のレベルは低い。
骨髄腫細胞株に対する5T4 CAR-T細胞の有効性を評価するための処理群
上表に詳述したように、NSGマウスに、I.P.又はI.V.投与経路を介して2×106個のNCI-H929細胞をチャレンジした。腫瘍チャレンジの7日後、I.V.投与経路を介して1×107個のCAR-T細胞でマウスを処理した。形質導入T細胞の表現型に基づき、EF1α-H8-CAR-CD3ζ/4-1BBで形質導入した5.98×106個の用量のCAR+T細胞が送達され、EF1α-2E4-CAR-CD3ζ/4-1BBで形質導入した3.86×106個のCAR+T細胞が送達された。
Oxford BioMedicaの抗5T4 H8モノクローナル抗体を用いたFACSにより5T4発現を調査し、以下の方法に従ってR&D Systemsの抗5T4抗体を用いて免疫組織化学を行った:
腫瘍細胞フローサイトメトリーに用いた抗体は抗5T4 H8マウスモノクローナル抗体であった;これは直接PEがコンジュゲートした抗体として用いた。抗体を調整して、腫瘍細胞株上の5T4の細胞表面発現を検出するための最適濃度を決定した。使用した濃度は25μg/mlから0.5μg/mlに至るまでの範囲であった。抗体は、FACS緩衝液(BD Biosciences; Oxford, UK)中で希釈した。マウスIgG1アイソタイプ対照(BD; Oxford, UK;必要に応じてコンジュゲートした)を陰性対照として用いた。
・FFPE切片を、100%キシレン中で3回、毎回5分間洗浄することにより脱蝋した。
・FFPE切片を、100%、92%及び70%エタノール中でそれぞれ5分間洗浄することにより再水和した。
・次に切片をdH2O中に5分間置いた。
・まず、加熱した水浴中で95℃で30分間、1×抗原回復溶液(Dako)中で、次に室温で20分間、新たな1×抗原回復溶液中で、切片をインキュベートすることにより、抗原回復を行った。
・次に切片をdH2O中に5分間置いた。
・切片を、室温で1時間、ブロッキング溶液(1% BSA及び2% FBSを含むPBS)中でブロッキングした。
・ブロッキング緩衝液を除去した。プロトコルに記載されている洗浄の最大回数及び長さを用い、製造業者の使用説明書に従って、Dako増幅キット(amplification kit)を使用した。
・5T4抗体(R&D)を25μg/mlとして用い、濃度をIgG1対照(ebioscience)と合わせた。
・次に、切片をヘマトキシリンで1分間対比染色し、次にdH2O中で3回、毎回5分間洗浄した。
・切片を、70%、92%及び100%エタノール中でそれぞれ5分間洗浄することにより脱水した。
・切片を、100%キシレン中で3回、毎回5分間洗浄した。
・切片をDPXと共に固定した。
・次に、Miraxスキャナーを用いて切片をスキャンし、Panoramic Viewerソフトウェアを用いて画像を処理した。
以下の方法に従って、R&D Systemsの抗5T4抗体を用いた免疫組織化学により、患者から採取された骨髄腫試料における5T4発現を調査した。
材料及び方法
<血液学的悪性腫瘍上の5T4発現の評価>
血液学的悪性腫瘍上の5T4発現は、以下に記載するようにFACS装置を用いたフローサイトメトリーにより評価した。
以下の血液学的悪性腫瘍を有する患者から、骨髄細胞又は末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)の試料を選択した:
i. 多発性骨髄腫、
ii. 慢性骨髄性白血病(CML)
iii. 慢性リンパ球性白血病(CLL)
iv. 急性骨髄性白血病(AML)
v. B細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病(B-ALL)
vi. T細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病(T-ALL)
vii. 急性前骨髄球性骨髄性白血病(APML)。
細胞のバイアルを解凍し、10% FBS、5mM L-グルタミン、100U/mLペニシリン/100μg/mLストレプトマイシンを添加したRPMI-1640培地中に再懸濁した。この後、細胞を洗浄し、PBS中に再懸濁した。細胞を、分析する試料に関連する数のFACSチューブに、均等に分けた。その後、製造業者のプロトコルに従ってZombie Aqua(商標)と共に細胞をインキュベートした。インキュベーション後、細胞をBD FACS染色緩衝液(Stain Buffer)(カタログ番号554656)中で洗浄した。すべての患者サンプルをAPSから得た特注のコンジュゲート5T4-PE抗体を用いて染色し、以下の各セクションに記載の種々の腫瘍マーカーと共に30分~1時間、+2℃~+8℃で同時染色した。インキュベーション後、細胞を染色緩衝液で2回洗浄し、製造業者のプロトコルに従ってBD CytoFix(554655)中に再懸濁した。次いで、細胞をペレット化し、PBS中に再懸濁した。
CLL、多発性骨髄腫、B-ALL、AML、CML、APML及びT-ALLを有する患者から採取した末梢血又は骨髄試料の5T4発現について、フローサイトメトリーにより評価した。試料中に存在する他の非悪性細胞の中から悪性細胞種を特定するのを助けるために、いくつかの系統の細胞表面マーカー、並びに癌幹細胞表現型を示すマーカーを使用した。
<固形腫瘍細胞株>
以下の細胞株を、単層(標準的な細胞培養条件)としての培養後、又はスフィア(sphere)形成後(CSCに富む)、5T4発現について評価した:
i. OVCAR-3(卵巣癌)
ii. MCF7(乳癌)
iii. HCT116(結腸直腸癌)
iv. HT29(結腸直腸癌)
v. A549(肺癌)
vi. U251(膠芽腫)
HCT116、HT29、MCF7及びA549細胞は、10%ウシ胎児血清(FBS)、2mM L-グルタミン及び50μg/mlペニシリン-ストレプトマイシンを含有するDMEM培地で培養した。OVCAR3細胞は、20% FBS、10μg/mlヒトインスリン、2mM L-グルタミン及び50μg/mlペニシリン-ストレプトマイシンを含有するRPMI培地で培養した。U251細胞は、10% FBS、1%ピルビン酸ナトリウム、1%非必須アミノ酸、2mM L-グルタミン及び50μg/mlペニシリン-ストレプトマイシンを含有するMEM培地で培養した。すべての細胞は、37℃、5% CO2/95%空気雰囲気で、95%の相対湿度で培養した。
スフィア培養の方法は、Farnie等 (2007) Journal of the National Cancer Institute 99, 616-627から適合させた。ポリHEMAを95%エタノール中に溶解し、細胞培養フラスコに添加した後、エタノールを一晩蒸発させた。HCT116及びHT29細胞は、基本スフィア培地(basic sphere medium)(DMEM/F12、100IU/mlペニシリン、100μg/mlストレプトマイシン、1×B27サプリメント)で培養し; MCF7、U251及びA549細胞は、マンモスフィア培地(基本スフィア+10ng/ml hEGF、5μg/mlインスリン、0.5μg/mlヒドロコルチゾン)で培養し、OVCAR3細胞は、卵巣スフィア培地(基本スフィア+20ng/ml hEGF、5μg/mlインスリン、15ng/ml hbFGF及び0.4% FBS)で培養した。
各細胞株を、1cm2あたり2000個の細胞で上記のように、単層条件下で2つのT75フラスコ、及びスフィア条件下で4つのT175フラスコ中で培養した。24時間後、各細胞株の3つのスフィアフラスコ及び1つの単層フラスコを回収して単細胞懸濁液にし、CD133-APC(試験当たり5μl、eBioscience(商標)、カタログ番号17-1338-42)又はCD117-APC(試験当たり5μl、eBioscience(商標)、カタログ番号17-1178-42)と共に又はそれなしで、5T4-PE(試験当たり5μl)で標識した。対応するアイソタイプ標識を、各細胞株及び条件について行った(IgG1-PE、試験当たり12.5μl;及びIgG1-APC、試験当たり5μl、eBioscience(商標)、カタログ番号17-4714-82)。抗体標識は、96ウェルプレート中で30分間、氷上で、FACS緩衝液(PBS、5% FCS、100IU/mlペニシリン、100μg/mlストレプトマイシン)中で行った後、ウェルをFACS緩衝液中で2回洗浄した。フローサイトメトリーはMACSQuant Analyzer 10上で行い、分析はFlowJo V10を用いて行った。
結果を図19に示す。本研究のデータは、研究した細胞株について5T4が癌幹細胞上に発現されることを実証する。さらに、MFIの一貫した増加により、癌幹細胞については細胞当たりの5T4の発現がより高い可能性があることが示唆される。
<SEQUENCE LISTING>
<110> Oxford BioMedica (UK) Limited
<120> METHOD
<130> PA23-214
<150> GB 1704084.1
<151> 2017-03-15
<150> GB 1721603.7
<151> 2017-12-21
<160> 14
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 515
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> 5T4-specific CAR sequence
<400> 1
Met Gly Val Leu Leu Thr Gln Arg Thr Leu Leu Ser Leu Val Leu Ala
1 5 10 15
Leu Leu Phe Pro Ser Met Ala Ser Met Glu Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser
20 25 30
Gly Pro Asp Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Ala Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys
35 40 45
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ser Phe Thr Gly Tyr Tyr Met His Trp Val Lys Gln
50 55 60
Ser His Gly Lys Ser Leu Glu Trp Ile Gly Arg Ile Asn Pro Asn Asn
65 70 75 80
Gly Val Thr Leu Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Lys Asp Lys Ala Ile Leu Thr
85 90 95
Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Thr Thr Ala Tyr Met Glu Leu Arg Ser Leu Thr
100 105 110
Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Arg Ser Thr Met Ile Thr
115 120 125
Asn Tyr Val Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Val Thr Ser Val Thr Val Ser
130 135 140
Ser Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly Gly Thr Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser
145 150 155 160
Ser Ile Val Met Thr Gln Thr Pro Thr Phe Leu Leu Val Ser Ala Gly
165 170 175
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Lys Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Asn Asp
180 185 190
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ser Pro Thr Leu Leu Ile
195 200 205
Ser Tyr Thr Ser Ser Arg Tyr Ala Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Ile Gly
210 215 220
Ser Gly Tyr Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Phe Thr Ile Ser Thr Leu Gln Ala
225 230 235 240
Glu Asp Leu Ala Val Tyr Phe Cys Gln Gln Asp Tyr Asn Ser Pro Pro
245 250 255
Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys Arg Ala Ala Ala Leu
260 265 270
Ser Asn Ser Ile Met Tyr Phe Ser His Phe Val Pro Val Phe Leu Pro
275 280 285
Ala Lys Pro Thr Thr Thr Pro Ala Pro Arg Pro Pro Thr Pro Ala Pro
290 295 300
Thr Ile Ala Ser Gln Pro Leu Ser Leu Arg Pro Glu Ala Cys Arg Pro
305 310 315 320
Ala Ala Gly Gly Ala Val His Thr Arg Gly Leu Asp Phe Ala Cys Asp
325 330 335
Ile Tyr Ile Trp Ala Pro Leu Ala Gly Thr Cys Gly Val Leu Leu Leu
340 345 350
Ser Leu Val Ile Thr Leu Tyr Cys Lys Arg Gly Arg Lys Lys Leu Leu
355 360 365
Tyr Ile Phe Lys Gln Pro Phe Met Arg Pro Val Gln Thr Thr Gln Glu
370 375 380
Glu Asp Gly Cys Ser Cys Arg Phe Pro Glu Glu Glu Glu Gly Gly Cys
385 390 395 400
Glu Leu Leu Arg Val Lys Phe Ser Arg Ser Ala Asp Ala Pro Ala Tyr
405 410 415
Gln Gln Gly Gln Asn Gln Leu Tyr Asn Glu Leu Asn Leu Gly Arg Arg
420 425 430
Glu Glu Tyr Asp Val Leu Asp Lys Arg Arg Gly Arg Asp Pro Glu Met
435 440 445
Gly Gly Lys Pro Arg Arg Lys Asn Pro Gln Glu Gly Leu Tyr Asn Glu
450 455 460
Leu Gln Lys Asp Lys Met Ala Glu Ala Tyr Ser Glu Ile Gly Met Lys
465 470 475 480
Gly Glu Arg Arg Arg Gly Lys Gly His Asp Gly Leu Tyr Gln Gly Leu
485 490 495
Ser Thr Ala Thr Lys Asp Thr Tyr Asp Ala Leu His Met Gln Ala Leu
500 505 510
Pro Pro Arg
515
<210> 2
<211> 24
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> Oncostatin M leader
<400> 2
Met Gly Val Leu Leu Thr Gln Arg Thr Leu Leu Ser Leu Val Leu Ala
1 5 10 15
Leu Leu Phe Pro Ser Met Ala Ser
20
<210> 3
<211> 244
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> H8 anti5T4 domain
<400> 3
Met Glu Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro Asp Leu Val Lys Pro Gly
1 5 10 15
Ala Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ser Phe Thr Gly
20 25 30
Tyr Tyr Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Ser His Gly Lys Ser Leu Glu Trp
35 40 45
Ile Gly Arg Ile Asn Pro Asn Asn Gly Val Thr Leu Tyr Asn Gln Lys
50 55 60
Phe Lys Asp Lys Ala Ile Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Thr Thr Ala
65 70 75 80
Tyr Met Glu Leu Arg Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr
85 90 95
Cys Ala Arg Ser Thr Met Ile Thr Asn Tyr Val Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly
100 105 110
Gln Val Thr Ser Val Thr Val Ser Ser Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly
115 120 125
Gly Gly Thr Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Ser Ile Val Met Thr Gln Thr Pro
130 135 140
Thr Phe Leu Leu Val Ser Ala Gly Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Lys
145 150 155 160
Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Asn Asp Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro
165 170 175
Gly Gln Ser Pro Thr Leu Leu Ile Ser Tyr Thr Ser Ser Arg Tyr Ala
180 185 190
Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Ile Gly Ser Gly Tyr Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr
195 200 205
Phe Thr Ile Ser Thr Leu Gln Ala Glu Asp Leu Ala Val Tyr Phe Cys
210 215 220
Gln Gln Asp Tyr Asn Ser Pro Pro Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu
225 230 235 240
Glu Ile Lys Arg
<210> 4
<211> 3
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> linker
<400> 4
Ala Ala Ala
1
<210> 5
<211> 65
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> CD8 hinge
<400> 5
Leu Ser Asn Ser Ile Met Tyr Phe Ser His Phe Val Pro Val Phe Leu
1 5 10 15
Pro Ala Lys Pro Thr Thr Thr Pro Ala Pro Arg Pro Pro Thr Pro Ala
20 25 30
Pro Thr Ile Ala Ser Gln Pro Leu Ser Leu Arg Pro Glu Ala Cys Arg
35 40 45
Pro Ala Ala Gly Gly Ala Val His Thr Arg Gly Leu Asp Phe Ala Cys
50 55 60
Asp
65
<210> 6
<211> 24
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> CD8 transmembrane region
<400> 6
Ile Tyr Ile Trp Ala Pro Leu Ala Gly Thr Cys Gly Val Leu Leu Leu
1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Val Ile Thr Leu Tyr Cys
20
<210> 7
<211> 42
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> 41BB costimulatory domain
<400> 7
Lys Arg Gly Arg Lys Lys Leu Leu Tyr Ile Phe Lys Gln Pro Phe Met
1 5 10 15
Arg Pro Val Gln Thr Thr Gln Glu Glu Asp Gly Cys Ser Cys Arg Phe
20 25 30
Pro Glu Glu Glu Glu Gly Gly Cys Glu Leu
35 40
<210> 8
<211> 113
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> CD3 zeta stimulatory domain
<400> 8
Leu Arg Val Lys Phe Ser Arg Ser Ala Asp Ala Pro Ala Tyr Gln Gln
1 5 10 15
Gly Gln Asn Gln Leu Tyr Asn Glu Leu Asn Leu Gly Arg Arg Glu Glu
20 25 30
Tyr Asp Val Leu Asp Lys Arg Arg Gly Arg Asp Pro Glu Met Gly Gly
35 40 45
Lys Pro Arg Arg Lys Asn Pro Gln Glu Gly Leu Tyr Asn Glu Leu Gln
50 55 60
Lys Asp Lys Met Ala Glu Ala Tyr Ser Glu Ile Gly Met Lys Gly Glu
65 70 75 80
Arg Arg Arg Gly Lys Gly His Asp Gly Leu Tyr Gln Gly Leu Ser Thr
85 90 95
Ala Thr Lys Asp Thr Tyr Asp Ala Leu His Met Gln Ala Leu Pro Pro
100 105 110
Arg
<210> 9
<211> 1548
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> codon-optimised sequence encoding the 5T4-CAR protein
<400> 9
atgggagtgc tgctgaccca gagaaccctg ctgtctctgg tgctggccct gctgttccct 60
agcatggcca gcatggaagt gcagctgcag cagagcggcc ctgacctcgt gaaacctggc 120
gcctccgtga agatcagctg caaggccagc ggctacagct tcaccggcta ctacatgcac 180
tgggtcaagc agagccacgg caagagcctg gaatggatcg gccggatcaa ccccaacaac 240
ggcgtgaccc tgtacaacca gaagttcaag gacaaggcca tcctgaccgt ggacaagagc 300
agcaccaccg cctacatgga actgcggagc ctgaccagcg aggacagcgc cgtgtactac 360
tgcgcccggt ccaccatgat caccaactac gtgatggact actggggcca agtgaccagc 420
gtgaccgtgt ctagcggagg cggaggatct ggcggcggag gaacaggcgg agggggatct 480
agcatcgtga tgacccagac ccccaccttc ctgctggtgt ctgccggcga cagagtgacc 540
atcacatgca aggcctccca gagcgtgtcc aacgacgtgg cctggtatca gcagaagcct 600
ggccagagcc ccaccctgct gattagctac accagctcca gatatgccgg cgtgcccgac 660
agattcatcg gcagcggcta tggcaccgac ttcaccttca ccatcagcac actgcaggcc 720
gaggacctgg ctgtgtactt ctgtcagcaa gactacaaca gcccccctac cttcggcgga 780
ggcaccaagc tggaaatcaa gagagccgcc gctctgagca acagcatcat gtacttcagc 840
cacttcgtgc ccgtgtttct gcccgccaag cctaccacaa cccctgcccc tagacctcct 900
accccagccc ctacaatcgc cagccagcct ctgtctctga ggcccgaggc ttgtagacct 960
gctgctggcg gagccgtgca caccagagga ctggatttcg cctgcgacat ctacatctgg 1020
gcccctctgg ccggcacatg tggcgtgctg ctgctgagcc tcgtgatcac cctgtactgc 1080
aagcggggca gaaagaagct gctgtacatc ttcaagcagc ccttcatgcg gcccgtgcag 1140
accacccagg aagaggacgg ctgctcctgc agattccccg aggaagaaga aggcggctgc 1200
gagctgctga gagtgaagtt cagcagatcc gccgacgccc ctgcctacca gcagggacag 1260
aatcagctgt acaacgagct gaacctgggc agacgggaag agtacgacgt gctggacaag 1320
cggagaggca gggaccctga gatgggcggc aagcccagaa gaaagaaccc ccaggaaggc 1380
ctgtataacg aactgcagaa agacaagatg gccgaggcct acagcgagat cggaatgaag 1440
ggcgagcgga gaagaggcaa gggccacgat ggactgtacc agggcctgag caccgccacc 1500
aaggacacct atgacgccct gcacatgcag gctctgcccc ccagatga 1548
<210> 10
<211> 1179
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> EF1alpha promoter sequence
<400> 10
ggctccggtg cccgtcagtg ggcagagcgc acatcgccca cagtccccga gaagttgggg 60
ggaggggtcg gcaattgaac cggtgcctag agaaggtggc gcggggtaaa ctgggaaagt 120
gatgtcgtgt actggctccg cctttttccc gagggtgggg gagaaccgta tataagtgca 180
gtagtcgccg tgaacgttct ttttcgcaac gggtttgccg ccagaacaca ggtaagtgcc 240
gtgtgtggtt cccgcgggcc tggcctcttt acgggttatg gcccttgcgt gccttgaatt 300
acttccacct ggctgcagta cgtgattctt gatcccgagc ttcgggttgg aagtgggtgg 360
gagagttcga ggccttgcgc ttaaggagcc ccttcgcctc gtgcttgagt tgaggcctgg 420
cctgggcgct ggggccgccg cgtgcgaatc tggtggcacc ttcgcgcctg tctcgctgct 480
ttcgataagt ctctagccat ttaaaatttt tgatgacctg ctgcgacgct ttttttctgg 540
caagatagtc ttgtaaatgc gggccaagat ctgcacactg gtatttcggt ttttggggcc 600
gcgggcggcg acggggcccg tgcgtcccag cgcacatgtt cggcgaggcg gggcctgcga 660
gcgcggccac cgagaatcgg acgggggtag tctcaagctg gccggcctgc tctggtgcct 720
ggcctcgcgc cgccgtgtat cgccccgccc tgggcggcaa ggctggcccg gtcggcacca 780
gttgcgtgag cggaaagatg gccgcttccc ggccctgctg cagggagctc aaaatggagg 840
acgcggcgct cgggagagcg ggcgggtgag tcacccacac aaaggaaaag ggcctttccg 900
tcctcagccg tcgcttcatg tgactccacg gagtaccggg cgccgtccag gcacctcgat 960
tagttctcga gcttttggag tacgtcgtct ttaggttggg gggaggggtt ttatgcgatg 1020
gagtttcccc acactgagtg ggtggagact gaagttaggc cagcttggca cttgatgtaa 1080
ttctccttgg aatttgccct ttttgagttt ggatcttggt tcattctcaa gcctcagaca 1140
gtggttcaaa gtttttttct tccatttcag gtgtcgtga 1179
<210> 11
<211> 243
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> 2E4 anti5T4 domain
<400> 11
Met Glu Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro Glu Leu Val Lys Pro Gly
1 5 10 15
Ala Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ser Phe Thr Gly
20 25 30
Tyr Tyr Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Ser His Val Lys Ser Leu Glu Trp
35 40 45
Ile Gly Arg Ile Asn Pro Tyr Asn Gly Ala Thr Thr Tyr Asn Gln Asp
50 55 60
Phe Lys Asp Lys Ala Ser Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala
65 70 75 80
Ser Met Glu Leu His Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr
85 90 95
Cys Ala Leu Ser Thr Met Ile Thr Thr Ala Trp Phe Ala Tyr Trp Gly
100 105 110
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Pro Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly
115 120 125
Gly Gly Thr Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Asn Phe Val Met Thr Gln Thr Pro
130 135 140
Lys Phe Leu Leu Ala Ser Ala Gly Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Ser Cys Lys
145 150 155 160
Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Asn Asp Val Gly Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro
165 170 175
Gly Gln Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Phe Ala Ser Asn Arg Tyr Thr
180 185 190
Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Ile Gly Ser Gly Tyr Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr
195 200 205
Phe Thr Ile Ser Thr Val Gln Ala Glu Asp Leu Ala Val Tyr Phe Cys
210 215 220
Gln Gln Asp Tyr Ser Ser Pro Phe Thr Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Lys Leu
225 230 235 240
Glu Ile Lys
<210> 12
<211> 243
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> 2E4 antibody sequence
<400> 12
Met Glu Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro Glu Leu Val Lys Pro Gly
1 5 10 15
Ala Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ser Phe Thr Gly
20 25 30
Tyr Tyr Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Ser His Val Lys Ser Leu Glu Trp
35 40 45
Ile Gly Arg Ile Asn Pro Tyr Asn Gly Ala Thr Thr Tyr Asn Gln Asp
50 55 60
Phe Lys Asp Lys Ala Ser Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala
65 70 75 80
Ser Met Glu Leu His Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr
85 90 95
Cys Ala Leu Ser Thr Met Ile Thr Thr Ala Trp Phe Ala Tyr Trp Gly
100 105 110
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Pro Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly
115 120 125
Gly Gly Thr Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Asn Phe Val Met Thr Gln Thr Pro
130 135 140
Lys Phe Leu Leu Ala Ser Ala Gly Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Ser Cys Lys
145 150 155 160
Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Asn Asp Val Gly Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro
165 170 175
Gly Gln Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Phe Ala Ser Asn Arg Tyr Thr
180 185 190
Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Ile Gly Ser Gly Tyr Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr
195 200 205
Phe Thr Ile Ser Thr Val Gln Ala Glu Asp Leu Ala Val Tyr Phe Cys
210 215 220
Gln Gln Asp Tyr Ser Ser Pro Phe Thr Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Lys Leu
225 230 235 240
Glu Ile Lys
<210> 13
<211> 514
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> 5T4-specific CAR sequence
<400> 13
Met Gly Val Leu Leu Thr Gln Arg Thr Leu Leu Ser Leu Val Leu Ala
1 5 10 15
Leu Leu Phe Pro Ser Met Ala Ser Met Glu Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser
20 25 30
Gly Pro Glu Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Ala Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys
35 40 45
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ser Phe Thr Gly Tyr Tyr Met His Trp Val Lys Gln
50 55 60
Ser His Val Lys Ser Leu Glu Trp Ile Gly Arg Ile Asn Pro Tyr Asn
65 70 75 80
Gly Ala Thr Thr Tyr Asn Gln Asp Phe Lys Asp Lys Ala Ser Leu Thr
85 90 95
Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Ser Met Glu Leu His Ser Leu Thr
100 105 110
Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Leu Ser Thr Met Ile Thr
115 120 125
Thr Ala Trp Phe Ala Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser
130 135 140
Pro Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly Gly Thr Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser
145 150 155 160
Asn Phe Val Met Thr Gln Thr Pro Lys Phe Leu Leu Ala Ser Ala Gly
165 170 175
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Asn Asp
180 185 190
Val Gly Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
195 200 205
Tyr Phe Ala Ser Asn Arg Tyr Thr Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Ile Gly
210 215 220
Ser Gly Tyr Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Phe Thr Ile Ser Thr Val Gln Ala
225 230 235 240
Glu Asp Leu Ala Val Tyr Phe Cys Gln Gln Asp Tyr Ser Ser Pro Phe
245 250 255
Thr Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys Ala Ala Ala Leu Ser
260 265 270
Asn Ser Ile Met Tyr Phe Ser His Phe Val Pro Val Phe Leu Pro Ala
275 280 285
Lys Pro Thr Thr Thr Pro Ala Pro Arg Pro Pro Thr Pro Ala Pro Thr
290 295 300
Ile Ala Ser Gln Pro Leu Ser Leu Arg Pro Glu Ala Cys Arg Pro Ala
305 310 315 320
Ala Gly Gly Ala Val His Thr Arg Gly Leu Asp Phe Ala Cys Asp Ile
325 330 335
Tyr Ile Trp Ala Pro Leu Ala Gly Thr Cys Gly Val Leu Leu Leu Ser
340 345 350
Leu Val Ile Thr Leu Tyr Cys Lys Arg Gly Arg Lys Lys Leu Leu Tyr
355 360 365
Ile Phe Lys Gln Pro Phe Met Arg Pro Val Gln Thr Thr Gln Glu Glu
370 375 380
Asp Gly Cys Ser Cys Arg Phe Pro Glu Glu Glu Glu Gly Gly Cys Glu
385 390 395 400
Leu Leu Arg Val Lys Phe Ser Arg Ser Ala Asp Ala Pro Ala Tyr Gln
405 410 415
Gln Gly Gln Asn Gln Leu Tyr Asn Glu Leu Asn Leu Gly Arg Arg Glu
420 425 430
Glu Tyr Asp Val Leu Asp Lys Arg Arg Gly Arg Asp Pro Glu Met Gly
435 440 445
Gly Lys Pro Arg Arg Lys Asn Pro Gln Glu Gly Leu Tyr Asn Glu Leu
450 455 460
Gln Lys Asp Lys Met Ala Glu Ala Tyr Ser Glu Ile Gly Met Lys Gly
465 470 475 480
Glu Arg Arg Arg Gly Lys Gly His Asp Gly Leu Tyr Gln Gly Leu Ser
485 490 495
Thr Ala Thr Lys Asp Thr Tyr Asp Ala Leu His Met Gln Ala Leu Pro
500 505 510
Pro Arg
<210> 14
<211> 730
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> sequence encoding the 2E4 antigen binding moiety
<400> 14
atggaagtgc agctgcagca gtctggcccc gagctcgtga aacctggcgc ctccgtgaag 60
atcagctgca aggccagcgg ctacagcttc accggctact acatgcactg ggtcaagcag 120
agccacgtga agtccctgga atggatcggc cggatcaacc cctacaacgg cgccaccacc 180
tacaaccagg acttcaagga caaggcctcc ctgaccgtgg acaagagcag cagcaccgcc 240
agcatggaac tgcacagcct gaccagcgag gacagcgccg tgtactactg tgccctgagc 300
accatgatca ccaccgcttg gtttgcctac tggggccagg gcacactcgt gaccgtgtct 360
ccaggaggcg gaggatctgg cggcggagga acaggcggag ggggatctaa cttcgtgatg 420
acccagaccc ccaagttcct gctggcctct gccggcgaca gagtgaccat cagctgcaag 480
gccagccaga gcgtgtccaa cgacgtgggc tggtatcagc agaagcccgg ccagagcccc 540
aagctgctga tctacttcgc cagcaaccgg tacaccggcg tgcccgacag attcatcggc 600
agcggctacg gcaccgactt caccttcacc atcagcaccg tgcaggccga ggacctggcc 660
gtgtacttct gtcagcaaga ctacagcagc cctttcacct tcggctccgg caccaagctg 720
gaaatcaagg 730
本発明は以下の態様も提供する。
[1] 対象に5T4標的剤を投与することを含む、対象における血液癌を治療又は予防するための方法であって、前記血液癌が、前駆B細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病(B-ALL)でない、方法。
[2] 前記5T4標的剤が、抗体又はその生物学的に活性な断片である、[1]に記載の方法。
[3] 前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体又はその生物学的に活性な断片である、[2]に記載の方法。
[4] 前記モノクローナル抗体が、H8 5T4特異的抗体又は2E4 5T4特異的抗体に基づく、[3]に記載の方法。
[5] 前記抗体が抗体薬物コンジュゲートの形態である、[2]~[4]のいずれか一に記載の方法。
[6] 前記5T4標的剤が免疫細胞である、[1]に記載の方法。
[7] 前記免疫細胞が、T細胞、NK細胞又はNKT細胞である、[6]に記載の方法。
[8] 前記免疫細胞がT細胞である、[7]に記載の方法。
[9] 前記細胞が、5T4特異的キメラ抗原受容体(CAR)又はT細胞受容体(TCR)を含む、[6]~[8]のいずれか一に記載の方法。
[10] 前記5T4標的剤が5T4ワクチンである、[1]に記載の方法。
[11] 前記5T4標的剤が静脈内投与により投与される、[1]~[10]のいずれか一に記載の方法。
[12] 前記対象が哺乳類の対象である、[1]~[11]のいずれか一に記載の方法。
[13] 前記対象がヒト対象である、[1]~[12]のいずれか一に記載の方法。
[14] 前記血液癌が、白血病、リンパ腫又は骨髄腫から選択される、[1]~[13]のいずれか一に記載の方法。
[15] 前記血液癌が、慢性リンパ球性白血病、骨髄腫、急性骨髄性白血病、B細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病、慢性骨髄性白血病、及びT細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病から選択される、[14]に記載の方法。
[16] 前記5T4標的剤が、更なる癌療法と組み合わせて同時に又は連続的に投与される、[1]~[15]のいずれか一に記載の方法。
[17] 血液癌の治療又は予防における使用のための、[1]~[13]のいずれか一に定義される5T4標的剤。
[18] 血液癌の治療又は予防のための医薬の製造における、[1]~[13]のいずれか一に定義される5T4標的剤の使用。
[19] [1]~[16]のいずれか一に記載の、対象における血液癌を治療又は予防するための方法であって、前記方法が、5T4発現について対象由来の試料を事前スクリーニングすることを含む、方法。
[20] 前記血液癌が、白血病、リンパ腫又は骨髄腫から選択される、[17]に記載の使用のための5T4標的剤、又は[18]に記載の5T4標的剤の使用。
[21] 前記血液癌が、慢性リンパ球性白血病、骨髄腫、急性骨髄性白血病、B細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病、慢性骨髄性白血病、及びT細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病から選択される、[17]に記載の使用のための5T4標的剤、又は[18]に記載の5T4標的剤の使用。[22] 前記対象が、5T4発現について事前スクリーニングされる、又は事前スクリーニングされている、[17]に記載の使用のための5T4標的剤、又は[18]に記載の5T4標的剤の使用。
[23] モノクローナル抗5T4抗体由来のVH及びVLを含む細胞外リガンド結合ドメイン、ヒンジ、膜貫通ドメイン、並びにシグナル伝達ドメイン及び共刺激ドメインを含む細胞質ドメイン、を含む5T4特異的CARであって、前記CARが、配列番号1に示される配列、又は配列番号1に対し少なくとも92%の配列同一性を有する配列を有する、5T4特異的CAR。
[24] モノクローナル抗5T4抗体由来のVH及びVLを含む細胞外リガンド結合ドメイン、ヒンジ、膜貫通ドメイン、並びにシグナル伝達ドメイン及び共刺激ドメインを含む細胞質ドメイン、を含む5T4特異的CARであって、前記CARが、配列番号13に示される配列、又は配列番号13に対し少なくとも70%の配列同一性を有する配列を有する、5T4特異的CAR。[25] [23]又は[24]に記載の5T4特異的CARを含む免疫細胞。
[26] [25]に記載の免疫細胞の集団。
[27] 前記細胞又は細胞の集団がT細胞である、[25]に記載の免疫細胞又は[26]に記載の細胞の集団。
[28] 前記細胞又は細胞の集団がNK細胞又はNKT細胞である、[25]に記載の免疫細胞又は[26]に記載の細胞の集団。
[29] [25]~[28]のいずれか一に記載の細胞又は細胞の集団を含む組成物。
[30] [23]又は[24]に記載の5T4特異的CAR、[25]~[28]のいずれか一に記載の細胞若しくは細胞の集団、又は[29]に記載の組成物を対象に投与することを含む、対象における癌を治療するための方法。
[31] 医薬としての使用のための、[23]又は[24]に記載の5T4特異的CAR、[25]~[28]のいずれか一に記載の細胞若しくは細胞の集団、又は[29]に記載の組成物。
[32] 癌の治療における使用のための、[23]又は[24]に記載の5T4特異的CAR、[25]~[28]のいずれか一に記載の細胞若しくは細胞の集団、又は[29]に記載の組成物。
[33] 癌の治療又は予防のための医薬の製造における、[23]又は[24]に記載の5T4特異的CAR、[25]~[28]のいずれか一に記載の細胞若しくは細胞の集団、又は[29]に記載の組成物の使用。
[34] 前記5T4特異的CAR、細胞、細胞集団、組成物又は医薬が、静脈内、腹腔内若しくは胸膜内投与される、又は静脈内、腹腔内若しくは胸膜内投与のためのものである、[30]に記載の方法、[32]に記載の使用のための5T4特異的CAR、細胞、細胞集団若しくは組成物、又は[33]に記載の使用。
[35] 前記癌が骨髄腫である、[30]に記載の方法、[32]に記載の使用のための5T4特異的CAR、細胞、細胞集団若しくは組成物、又は[33]に記載の使用。
[36] 前記癌が、卵巣癌又は中皮腫である、[30]に記載の方法、[32]に記載の使用のための5T4特異的CAR、細胞、細胞集団若しくは組成物、又は[33]に記載の使用。
[37] 前記方法が、5T4発現について対象を事前スクリーニングすることを含む、[30]に記載の対象における骨髄腫を治療又は予防する方法。
[38] 前記対象が、5T4発現について事前スクリーニングされる、又は事前スクリーニングされている、[30]に記載の使用のための5T4標的剤、又は[33]に記載の5T4標的剤の使用。
[39] 5T4特異的CARを発現する免疫細胞を作製する方法であって、前記方法が、前記CARを発現するウイルスベクターで前記免疫細胞に形質導入する工程を含む、方法。
[40] 前記ウイルスベクターがレンチウイルスベクターである、[39]に記載の方法。
[41] レンチウイルスベクターがHIV-1、HIV-2、SIV、FIV、BIV、EIAV、CAEV又はビスナレンチウイルスに由来する、[40]に記載の方法。
[42] 対象における癌再発を予防又は低減するための方法であって、前記方法は、[1]~[13]のいずれか一に定義される5T4標的剤を前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。[43] 前記癌が、血液癌、又は固形腫瘍により特徴づけられる癌である、[42]に記載の方法。
[44] 前記血液癌が、慢性リンパ球性白血病、骨髄腫、急性骨髄性白血病及びB細胞急性リンパ芽球性リンパ腫から選択される、[43]に記載の方法。
[45] 固形腫瘍により特徴づけられる前記癌が、卵巣癌、膠芽腫及び結腸直腸癌から選択される、[43]に記載の方法。
Claims (45)
- 対象に5T4標的剤を投与することを含む、対象における血液癌を治療又は予防するための方法であって、前記血液癌が、前駆B細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病(B-ALL)でない、方法。
- 前記5T4標的剤が、抗体又はその生物学的に活性な断片である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体又はその生物学的に活性な断片である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記モノクローナル抗体が、H8 5T4特異的抗体又は2E4 5T4特異的抗体に基づく、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体が抗体薬物コンジュゲートの形態である、請求項2~4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記5T4標的剤が免疫細胞である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞が、T細胞、NK細胞又はNKT細胞である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞がT細胞である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が、5T4特異的キメラ抗原受容体(CAR)又はT細胞受容体(TCR)を含む、請求項6~8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記5T4標的剤が5T4ワクチンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記5T4標的剤が静脈内投与により投与される、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が哺乳類の対象である、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象がヒト対象である、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記血液癌が、白血病、リンパ腫又は骨髄腫から選択される、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記血液癌が、慢性リンパ球性白血病、骨髄腫、急性骨髄性白血病、B細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病、慢性骨髄性白血病、及びT細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病から選択される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記5T4標的剤が、更なる癌療法と組み合わせて同時に又は連続的に投与される、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 血液癌の治療又は予防における使用のための、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に定義される5T4標的剤。
- 血液癌の治療又は予防のための医薬の製造における、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に定義される5T4標的剤の使用。
- 請求項1~16のいずれか1項に記載の、対象における血液癌を治療又は予防するための方法であって、前記方法が、5T4発現について対象由来の試料を事前スクリーニングすることを含む、方法。
- 前記血液癌が、白血病、リンパ腫又は骨髄腫から選択される、請求項17に記載の使用のための5T4標的剤、又は請求項18に記載の5T4標的剤の使用。
- 前記血液癌が、慢性リンパ球性白血病、骨髄腫、急性骨髄性白血病、B細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病、慢性骨髄性白血病、及びT細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病から選択される、請求項17に記載の使用のための5T4標的剤、又は請求項18に記載の5T4標的剤の使用。
- 前記対象が、5T4発現について事前スクリーニングされる、又は事前スクリーニングされている、請求項17に記載の使用のための5T4標的剤、又は請求項18に記載の5T4標的剤の使用。
- モノクローナル抗5T4抗体由来のVH及びVLを含む細胞外リガンド結合ドメイン、ヒンジ、膜貫通ドメイン、並びにシグナル伝達ドメイン及び共刺激ドメインを含む細胞質ドメイン、を含む5T4特異的CARであって、前記CARが、配列番号1に示される配列、又は配列番号1に対し少なくとも92%の配列同一性を有する配列を有する、5T4特異的CAR。
- モノクローナル抗5T4抗体由来のVH及びVLを含む細胞外リガンド結合ドメイン、ヒンジ、膜貫通ドメイン、並びにシグナル伝達ドメイン及び共刺激ドメインを含む細胞質ドメイン、を含む5T4特異的CARであって、前記CARが、配列番号13に示される配列、又は配列番号13に対し少なくとも70%の配列同一性を有する配列を有する、5T4特異的CAR。
- 請求項23又は24に記載の5T4特異的CARを含む免疫細胞。
- 請求項25に記載の免疫細胞の集団。
- 前記細胞又は細胞の集団がT細胞である、請求項25に記載の免疫細胞又は請求項26に記載の細胞の集団。
- 前記細胞又は細胞の集団がNK細胞又はNKT細胞である、請求項25に記載の免疫細胞又は請求項26に記載の細胞の集団。
- 請求項25~28のいずれか1項に記載の細胞又は細胞の集団を含む組成物。
- 請求項23又は24に記載の5T4特異的CAR、請求項25~28のいずれか1項に記載の細胞若しくは細胞の集団、又は請求項29に記載の組成物を対象に投与することを含む、対象における癌を治療するための方法。
- 医薬としての使用のための、請求項23又は24に記載の5T4特異的CAR、請求項25~28のいずれか1項に記載の細胞若しくは細胞の集団、又は請求項29に記載の組成物。
- 癌の治療における使用のための、請求項23又は24に記載の5T4特異的CAR、請求項25~28のいずれか1項に記載の細胞若しくは細胞の集団、又は請求項29に記載の組成物。
- 癌の治療又は予防のための医薬の製造における、請求項23又は24に記載の5T4特異的CAR、請求項25~28のいずれか1項に記載の細胞若しくは細胞の集団、又は請求項29に記載の組成物の使用。
- 前記5T4特異的CAR、細胞、細胞集団、組成物又は医薬が、静脈内、腹腔内若しくは胸膜内投与される、又は静脈内、腹腔内若しくは胸膜内投与のためのものである、請求項30に記載の方法、請求項32に記載の使用のための5T4特異的CAR、細胞、細胞集団若しくは組成物、又は請求項33に記載の使用。
- 前記癌が骨髄腫である、請求項30に記載の方法、請求項32に記載の使用のための5T4特異的CAR、細胞、細胞集団若しくは組成物、又は請求項33に記載の使用。
- 前記癌が、卵巣癌又は中皮腫である、請求項30に記載の方法、請求項32に記載の使用のための5T4特異的CAR、細胞、細胞集団若しくは組成物、又は請求項33に記載の使用。
- 前記方法が、5T4発現について対象を事前スクリーニングすることを含む、請求項30に記載の対象における骨髄腫を治療又は予防する方法。
- 前記対象が、5T4発現について事前スクリーニングされる、又は事前スクリーニングされている、請求項30に記載の使用のための5T4標的剤、又は請求項33に記載の5T4標的剤の使用。
- 5T4特異的CARを発現する免疫細胞を作製する方法であって、前記方法が、前記CARを発現するウイルスベクターで前記免疫細胞に形質導入する工程を含む、方法。
- 前記ウイルスベクターがレンチウイルスベクターである、請求項39に記載の方法。
- レンチウイルスベクターがHIV-1、HIV-2、SIV、FIV、BIV、EIAV、CAEV又はビスナレンチウイルスに由来する、請求項40に記載の方法。
- 対象における癌再発を予防又は低減するための方法であって、前記方法は、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に定義される5T4標的剤を前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記癌が、血液癌、又は固形腫瘍により特徴づけられる癌である、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記血液癌が、慢性リンパ球性白血病、骨髄腫、急性骨髄性白血病及びB細胞急性リンパ芽球性リンパ腫から選択される、請求項43に記載の方法。
- 固形腫瘍により特徴づけられる前記癌が、卵巣癌、膠芽腫及び結腸直腸癌から選択される、請求項43に記載の方法。
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ES2405605T3 (es) * | 2009-03-27 | 2013-05-31 | Wyeth Llc | Células iniciadoras de tumores y procedimientos de uso de las mismas |
GB0918383D0 (en) | 2009-10-20 | 2009-12-02 | Cancer Rec Tech Ltd | Prognostic,screening and treatment methods and agents for treatment of metastasis and inflammation |
PT3533802T (pt) | 2010-09-21 | 2021-06-21 | Us Health | Recetores de células t anti-ssx-2 e materiais e métodos de utilização relacionados |
GB201018480D0 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2010-12-15 | Oxford Biomedica Ltd | Factors |
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2018
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JP7277388B2 (ja) | 2023-05-18 |
JP2020510704A (ja) | 2020-04-09 |
AU2018235130B2 (en) | 2023-12-07 |
KR20230166145A (ko) | 2023-12-06 |
EP3595705A1 (en) | 2020-01-22 |
AU2023274115A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
WO2018167486A1 (en) | 2018-09-20 |
KR102609624B1 (ko) | 2023-12-05 |
US11427645B2 (en) | 2022-08-30 |
KR20190129861A (ko) | 2019-11-20 |
US20230084645A1 (en) | 2023-03-16 |
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