JP2022502818A - ポリマー添加剤ならびに電極材料および電気化学セルにおけるそれらの使用 - Google Patents
ポリマー添加剤ならびに電極材料および電気化学セルにおけるそれらの使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022502818A JP2022502818A JP2021516947A JP2021516947A JP2022502818A JP 2022502818 A JP2022502818 A JP 2022502818A JP 2021516947 A JP2021516947 A JP 2021516947A JP 2021516947 A JP2021516947 A JP 2021516947A JP 2022502818 A JP2022502818 A JP 2022502818A
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、適用可能な法の下で、2018年9月28日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/738,690号(その内容は、全ての目的のためにその全体において本明細書に参考として援用される)の優先権を主張する。
技術分野は、概して、ポリマー添加剤、ポリマー結合剤、それらを含む電極材料、それらの製造法および電気化学セルにおけるそれらの使用に関する。
高電圧電極材料は、高出力および高エネルギーバッテリーにおいて使用される。高出力を得るために、高い動作電圧が印加されなければならない。従来のフッ素含有ポリマー結合剤(例えば、ポリ(ビニリデンジフルオリド)(PVdF)は、優れた電気化学的安定性および結合強度を示す。しかし、高い動作電圧(例えば、3.8V超)でフッ素含有ポリマー結合剤を使用すると、フッ素原子が反応し、フッ化リチウム(LiF)およびフッ化水素(HF)を形成することを引き起こし得、漸進性のバッテリー劣化および低減した電気化学的性能(例えば、サイクル性能、セルインピーダンス、容量保持および定格容量)をもたらす(Markevich, E.ら, Electrochemistry communications 7.12 (2005): 1298−1304; Zhang, Z.ら, Journal of Power Sources 247 (2014): 1−8;およびLee, S.ら, Journal of Power Sources 269 (2014): 418−423)。
よって、従来のフッ素含有ポリマー結合剤の欠点のうちの1またはこれより多くを排除する高電圧電極材料のための持続可能な結合剤が必要である。
1つの局面によれば、本発明の技術は、電極材料添加剤としての使用のためのポリマーであって、上記ポリマーは、式Iのノルボルネンベースのモノマー:
R1およびR2は、独立して各存在において、水素原子、−COOH、−SO3H、−OH、および−Fから選択されるポリマーに関する。
1つの実施形態において、上記ポリマーは、式IIのもの:
R1およびR2は、本明細書で定義されるとおりであり;そして
nは、数平均分子量が約10 000g/mol〜約100 000g/mol(端の値を含む)であるように選択される整数である。
以下の詳細な説明及び実施例は例証であって、本発明の範囲をさらに限定すると解釈されるべきではない。
R1およびR2は、独立して各存在において、水素、−COOH、−SO3H、−OH、および−Fから選択される。
別の例によれば、上記ポリマーは、式II(a)のノルボルネンベースのポリマー:
付加重合によって生成したカルボン酸官能化ノルボルネンベースのポリマー(PBNE−COOH)を、商業的供給源から得、LiMn0.75Fe0.20Mg0.05PO4−チタン酸リチウム(Li4Ti5O12、LTO)セルにおいて、PC/EMC/DMC(4/3/3)を含む炭酸溶媒混合物中の1M ヘキサフルオロリン酸リチウム(LiPF6)からなる液体電解質とともに、電極結合剤添加剤として使用した。LiMn0.75Fe0.20Mg0.05PO4を、カーボン(すなわち、C−LiMn0.75Fe0.20Mg0.05PO4)でさらにコーティングした。そのセル構成を、表1に示す。
この実施例は、実施例1に示される電気化学セルの電気化学的挙動を例証する。
Claims (42)
- 前記数平均分子量は、約12 000g/mol〜約85 000g/mol、または約15 000g/mol〜約75 000g/mol、または約20 000g/mol〜約65 000g/mol、または約25 000g/mol〜約55 000g/mol、または約25 000g/mol〜約50 000g/mol(端の値を含む)である、請求項2に記載のポリマー。
- R2は、−COOHである、請求項4に記載のポリマー。
- R2は、水素原子である、請求項4に記載のポリマー。
- 前記ポリマーは、ホモポリマーである、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に規定されるとおりのポリマーを結合剤と一緒に含む、結合剤組成物。
- 前記ポリマーは、結合剤添加剤である、請求項8に記載の結合剤組成物。
- 結合剤 対 ポリマーの重量比は、約6:1〜約2:1の範囲内である、請求項8または9に記載の結合剤組成物。
- 前記結合剤は、ポリエーテルタイプのポリマー結合剤、フッ化ポリマー、および合成ゴムまたは天然ゴムからなる群より選択される、請求項8〜10のいずれか1項に記載の結合剤組成物。
- 前記結合剤は、フッ化ポリマーである、請求項11に記載の結合剤組成物。
- 前記フッ化ポリマーは、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)である、請求項12に記載の結合剤組成物。
- 前記フッ化ポリマーは、ポリビニリデンフルオリド(PVdF)である、請求項12に記載の結合剤組成物。
- 前記結合剤は、合成ゴムまたは天然ゴムである、請求項11に記載の結合剤組成物。
- 前記合成ゴムまたは前記天然ゴムは、エチレンプロピレンジエンモノマーゴム(EPDM)である、請求項15に記載の結合剤組成物。
- 電極材料における使用のための、請求項8〜16のいずれか1項に記載の結合剤組成物。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれかに規定されるとおりのポリマーおよび電気化学的に活性な物質を含む、電極材料。
- 前記電気化学的に活性な物質は、金属酸化物粒子、リチウム化金属酸化物粒子、金属リン酸塩粒子およびリチウム化金属リン酸塩粒子からなる群より選択される、請求項18に記載の電極材料。
- 前記金属は、鉄(Fe)、チタン(Ti)、マンガン(Mn)、バナジウム(V)、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)およびこれらのうちの少なくとも2つの組み合わせからなる群より選択される遷移金属である、請求項19に記載の電極材料。
- 前記電気化学的に活性な物質は、マンガンを含む酸化物またはリン酸塩である、請求項18〜20のいずれか1項に記載の電極材料。
- 前記電気化学的に活性な物質は、少なくとも1種のドーピング元素(例えば、マグネシウム)をさらに含む、請求項18〜21のいずれか1項に記載の電極材料。
- 導電性材料をさらに含む、請求項18〜22のいずれか1項に記載の電極材料。
- 前記導電性材料は、カーボンブラック、アセチレンブラック、グラファイト、グラフェン、カーボンファイバー、カーボンナノファイバー、カーボンナノチューブ、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項23に記載の電極材料。
- 前記導電性材料は、アセチレンブラックおよびカーボンファイバー(例えば、気相成長カーボンファイバー(VGCF))の組み合わせである、請求項24に記載の電極材料。
- 添加剤としての前記ポリマーを含む結合剤をさらに含む、請求項18〜25のいずれか1項に記載の電極材料。
- 結合剤 対 ポリマーの比は、約6:1〜約2:1の範囲内にある、請求項26に記載の電極材料。
- 前記結合剤は、ポリエーテルタイプのポリマー結合剤、合成ゴムまたは天然ゴム、およびフッ化ポリマーからなる群より選択される、請求項26または27に記載の電極材料。
- 前記結合剤は、フッ化ポリマーである、請求項28に記載の電極材料。
- 前記フッ化ポリマーは、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)である、請求項29に記載の電極材料。
- 前記フッ化ポリマーは、ポリビニリデンフルオリド(PVdF)である、請求項29に記載の電極材料。
- 前記結合剤は、合成ゴムまたは天然ゴムである、請求項28に記載の電極材料。
- 前記合成ゴムまたは前記天然ゴムは、エチレンプロピレンジエンモノマーゴム(EPDM)である、請求項32に記載の電極材料。
- 集電体上に請求項18〜33のいずれか1項に規定されるとおりの電極材料を含む電極。
- 負電極、正電極および電解質を含む電気化学セルであって、ここで前記負電極または前記正電極のうちの少なくとも一方は、請求項18〜33のいずれか1項に規定されるとおりの電極材料を含む、電気化学セル。
- 負電極、正電極および電解質を含む電気化学セルであって、ここで前記正電極および前記負電極のうちの少なくとも一方は、請求項34に規定されるとおりである、電気化学セル。
- 前記電解質は、溶媒中に塩を含む液体電解質である、請求項35または36に記載の電気化学セル。
- 前記電解質は、溶媒および必要に応じて溶媒和ポリマー中に塩を含むゲル電解質である、請求項35または36に記載の電気化学セル。
- 前記電解質は、溶媒和ポリマー中に塩を含む固体ポリマー電解質である、請求項35または36に記載の電気化学セル。
- 前記塩は、リチウム塩である、請求項35〜39のいずれか1項に記載の電気化学セル。
- 請求項35〜40のいずれか1項に規定されるとおりの少なくとも1つの電気化学セルを含むバッテリー。
- 前記バッテリーは、リチウムイオンバッテリーである、請求項41に記載のバッテリー。
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CA2367290A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-16 | 2003-07-16 | Hydro Quebec | Electrolyte polymere a haute stabilite > 4 volts comme electrolyte pour supercondensateur hybride et generateur electrochimique |
US8124277B2 (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2012-02-28 | Unitika Ltd. | Binder for electrode formation, slurry for electrode formation using the binder, electrode using the slurry, rechargeable battery using the electrode, and capacitor using the electrode |
CA2678540A1 (fr) * | 2009-09-15 | 2011-03-15 | Hydro-Quebec | Materiau constitue de particules composites d'oxyde, procede pour sa preparation, et son utilisation comme matiere active d'electrode |
JP5447154B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-28 | 2014-03-19 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | リチウムイオン伝導性固体電解質組成物および全固体二次電池 |
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KR101191626B1 (ko) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-10-17 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 음극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
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- 2019-09-27 CN CN201980063111.8A patent/CN112789751B/zh active Active
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JP2004221014A (ja) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-08-05 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | ブロック共重合体を用いた電池用バインダ樹脂組成物、電極及び電池 |
WO2013065738A2 (ja) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-05-10 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 全固体二次電池 |
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US20220013786A1 (en) | 2022-01-13 |
CN112789751A (zh) | 2021-05-11 |
WO2020061710A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
KR20210062643A (ko) | 2021-05-31 |
EP3857631A4 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
JP2024069434A (ja) | 2024-05-21 |
CN112789751B (zh) | 2024-07-23 |
JP7455819B2 (ja) | 2024-03-26 |
CA3110728A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
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