JP2022094665A - 車両用駆動装置 - Google Patents
車両用駆動装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022094665A JP2022094665A JP2020207675A JP2020207675A JP2022094665A JP 2022094665 A JP2022094665 A JP 2022094665A JP 2020207675 A JP2020207675 A JP 2020207675A JP 2020207675 A JP2020207675 A JP 2020207675A JP 2022094665 A JP2022094665 A JP 2022094665A
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Abstract
Description
車両の前輪及び後輪を駆動するための車両用駆動装置であって、
前記前輪及び前記後輪のうち、一方を第1車輪とし、他方を第2車輪として、
前記車両が備える内燃機関に駆動連結される入力部材、前記第1車輪に駆動連結される第1出力部材、第1回転電機、及び分配用差動歯車機構を備え、前記第1車輪を駆動する第1駆動ユニットと、
前記第2車輪に駆動連結される第2出力部材、及び第2回転電機を備え、前記第2車輪を駆動する第2駆動ユニットと、
前記第1駆動ユニット、前記第2駆動ユニット、及び前記内燃機関を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記第1回転電機及び前記第2回転電機は、蓄電装置との間で電力の授受を行うように、当該蓄電装置と電気的に接続され、
前記分配用差動歯車機構は、前記入力部材に駆動連結された第1回転要素と、前記第1出力部材に駆動連結された第2回転要素と、前記第1回転電機に駆動連結された第3回転要素と、を備え、
前記第1駆動ユニットは、動作モードとして、第1モードと、第2モードと、を備え、 前記第1モードでは、前記内燃機関と前記第1出力部材との間での動力伝達が遮断された状態で、前記第1回転電機の駆動力を前記第1出力部材に伝達する状態となり、
前記第2モードでは、前記内燃機関から前記第1回転要素に伝達される駆動力の反力を前記第1回転電機から前記第3回転要素に伝達することで、前記内燃機関の駆動力を前記第2回転要素を介して前記第1出力部材に伝達する状態となり、
前記制御装置は、
前記車両の速度が規定の第1閾値未満の場合において、
前記車両に要求される駆動力である要求駆動力が規定の第2閾値未満であって、前記蓄電装置の充電量が規定の第3閾値以上である場合には、前記第1駆動ユニットの前記動作モードを前記第1モードとすると共に、前記第2回転電機の駆動力を前記第2出力部材に伝達する状態として、前記第1駆動ユニット及び前記第2駆動ユニットの双方により前記要求駆動力を出力するように制御する第1制御を実行し、
前記要求駆動力が前記第2閾値以上である場合、又は、前記蓄電装置の充電量が前記第3閾値未満である場合には、前記第1駆動ユニットの前記動作モードを前記第2モードとすると共に、前記第2回転電機の駆動力を前記第2出力部材に伝達する状態として、前記第1駆動ユニット及び前記第2駆動ユニットの双方により前記要求駆動力を出力するように制御する第2制御を実行する点にある。
変速機TMは、互いに平行に配置された第1軸部材A1及び第2軸部材A2と、第1軸部材A1に配置された第1ギヤG1及び第2ギヤG2と、第2軸部材A2に配置されて第1ギヤG1に噛み合う第3ギヤG3と、第2軸部材A2に配置されて第2ギヤG2に噛み合う第4ギヤG4と、第3係合装置CL3と、を備え、
第3係合装置CL3は、第1ギヤG1と第3ギヤG3との間で伝達される駆動力が第2軸部材A2に伝達される状態と、第2ギヤG2と第4ギヤG4との間で伝達される駆動力が第2軸部材A2に伝達される状態と、を選択的に切り替える噛合い式係合装置である。
第1駆動ユニット100Aは、入力部材Iと第1回転要素E1との間の動力伝達を断接する第1係合装置CL1と、第1回転要素E1、第2回転要素E2、及び第3回転要素E3の3つの回転要素のうちから選択される2つの間の動力伝達を断接する第2係合装置CL2と、を更に備え、
第1モード(ここでは、第1EVモード及び第2EVモード)では、第1係合装置CL1が解放状態、第2係合装置CL2が係合状態とされ、
第2モード(ここでは、eTCモード)では、第1係合装置CL1が係合状態、第2係合装置CL2が解放状態とされる。
また、本構成によれば、第1係合装置CL1及び第2係合装置CL2のそれぞれの係合の状態を制御することで、適切に第1駆動ユニット100Aの動作モードを切り替えることができる。
第3モードでは、分配用差動歯車機構SPの第1回転要素E1、第2回転要素E2、及び第3回転要素E3が一体的に回転し、少なくとも内燃機関EGの駆動力を第1出力部材O1に伝達する状態となり、
第1駆動ユニット100Aは、入力部材Iと第1回転要素E1との間の動力伝達を断接する第1係合装置CL1と、第1回転要素E1、第2回転要素E2、及び第3回転要素E3の3つの回転要素のうちから選択される2つの間の動力伝達を断接する第2係合装置CL2と、を更に備え、
第3モードでは、第1係合装置CL1及び第2係合装置CL2の双方が係合状態とされ、
第1駆動ユニット100Aは、分配用差動歯車機構SPと第1出力部材O1との間の動力伝達経路に配置されて、複数の変速段を切り替え可能に構成された変速機TMを更に備え、
複数の変速段の少なくとも1つの変速比が1未満である。
車速Vが規定の第1閾値TH1未満の場合において、
要求駆動力Tが規定の第2閾値TH2未満であって、蓄電装置BTの充電量(SOC)が規定の第3閾値TH3以上である場合には、第1駆動ユニット100Aの動作モードを第1モード(ここでは、第1EVモード又は第2EVモード)とすると共に、第2回転電機MG2の駆動力を第2出力部材O2に伝達する状態として、第1駆動ユニット100A及び第2駆動ユニット100Bの双方により要求駆動力Tを出力するように制御する第1制御を実行し、
要求駆動力Tが第2閾値TH2以上である場合、又は、蓄電装置BTの充電量(SOC)が第3閾値TH3未満である場合には、第1駆動ユニット100Aの動作モードを第2モード(ここでは、eTCモード)とすると共に、第2回転電機MG2の駆動力を第2出力部材O2に伝達する状態として、第1駆動ユニット100A及び第2駆動ユニット100Bの双方により要求駆動力Tを出力するように制御する第2制御を実行する。
第1駆動ユニット100Aは、動作モードとして、第3モード(ここでは、第1HVモード及び第2HVモード)を更に備え、
第3モードでは、分配用差動歯車機構SPの第1回転要素E1、第2回転要素E2、及び第3回転要素E3が一体的に回転し、少なくとも内燃機関EGの駆動力を第1出力部材O1に伝達する状態となり、
制御装置10は、
第2制御を実行中において、
要求駆動力Tが規定の第4閾値TH4以上であって充電量(SOC)が規定の第5閾値TH5以上である場合、又は、要求駆動力Tが第4閾値TH4未満であって充電量(SOC)が第5閾値TH5未満である場合には、車速Vが第1車速V1を超えた場合に、第1駆動ユニット100Aの動作モードを第2モードから第3モードに移行し、
要求駆動力Tが第4閾値TH4以上であって充電量(SOC)が第5閾値TH5未満である場合には、車速Vが第1車速V1よりも高い値に設定された第2車速V2を超えた場合に、第1駆動ユニット100Aの動作モードを第2モードから第3モードに移行する。
即ち、分配用差動歯車機構SPの第1回転要素E1、第2回転要素E2、及び第3回転要素E3の回転速度の順は記載の順であり、
第1駆動ユニット100Aは、動作モードとして、第3モード(ここでは、第1HVモード及び第2HVモード)を更に備え、
第3モードでは、分配用差動歯車機構SPの第1回転要素E1、第2回転要素E2、及び第3回転要素E3が一体的に回転し、少なくとも内燃機関EGの駆動力を第1出力部材O1に伝達する状態となり、
制御装置10は、第2制御を実行中に、車速Vが第1車速V1を超えた場合には、第1駆動ユニット100Aの動作モードを第2モードから第3モードに移行する。
また、車速Vが比較的高くなった場合には、第1駆動ユニット100Aの動作モードを第2モードから第3モードに移行する。これにより、車速Vが比較的高くなった場合には、少なくとも内燃機関EGの駆動力を用いて車両を効率良く走行させることができる。
第3モードでは、分配用差動歯車機構SPの第1回転要素E1、第2回転要素E2、及び第3回転要素E3が一体的に回転し、少なくとも内燃機関EGの駆動力を第1出力部材O1に伝達する状態となり、
制御装置10は、第1駆動ユニット100Aの動作モードを第2モード(ここでは、eTCモード)から第3モード(ここでは、第1HVモード)に移行するモード移行を行う場合に、当該モード移行による第1駆動ユニット100Aの駆動力変動を補うように第2駆動ユニット100Bの駆動力を制御する。
制御装置10は、
変速機TMが変速段の切り替え動作を行う前に、第1駆動ユニット100Aにおいて第1出力部材O1に出力する駆動力を減少させると共に第2駆動ユニット100Bにおいて第2出力部材O2に出力する駆動力を増加させ、
変速機TMが変速段の切り替え動作を完了した後に、第1駆動ユニット100Aにおいて第1出力部材O1に出力する駆動力を増加させると共に第2駆動ユニット100Bにおいて第2出力部材O2に出力する駆動力を減少させる。
また、本構成によれば、変速機TMが変速段の切り替え動作を行う前に、第2駆動ユニット100Bの駆動力を増加させ、変速機TMが変速段の切り替え動作を完了した後に、第2駆動ユニット100Bの駆動力を減少させる。これにより、変速段の切り替え動作中に、第2駆動ユニット100Bの駆動力により、第1駆動ユニット100Aの駆動力変動を補うことができる。
(1)上記の実施形態では、第1係合装置CL1が係合状態であって第2係合装置CL2が解放状態で実現される車両用駆動装置100の動作モード(第1モード)が、上述した電気式トルクコンバータモード(eTCモード)である構成を例として説明したが、そのような構成に限定されない。例えば、分配用差動歯車機構SPが、第1係合装置CL1が係合状態であって第2係合装置CL2が解放状態で、いわゆるスプリットハイブリッドモードを実現するように構成されていても良い。ここで、スプリットハイブリッドモードとは、内燃機関EGの駆動力を第1回転電機MG1の側と第1出力部材O1の側(変速機TMの側)とに分配し、第1回転電機MG1の駆動力を反力として、内燃機関EGの駆動力に対して減衰した駆動力を第1出力部材O1の側に伝達するモードである。この場合、分配用差動歯車機構SPの各回転要素の回転速度の順は、第2回転要素E2、第1回転要素E1、第3回転要素E3の順とすると良い。例えば、分配用差動歯車機構SPをシングルピニオン型の遊星歯車機構により構成する場合、サンギヤを第3回転要素E3として第1ロータRT1に駆動連結し、キャリヤを第1回転要素E1として入力部材Iに駆動連結し、リングギヤを第2回転要素E2として分配用差動歯車機構SPの出力要素とすることができる。このモードでは、第1回転電機MG1は正回転しつつ負トルクを出力して発電し、分配用差動歯車機構SPは、当該第1回転電機MG1の駆動力を反力として、内燃機関EGの駆動力を第2回転要素E2から出力する。そして、当該第2回転要素E2の回転は、変速機TMを介して第1出力部材O1に伝達される。
Claims (8)
- 車両の前輪及び後輪を駆動するための車両用駆動装置であって、
前記前輪及び前記後輪のうち、一方を第1車輪とし、他方を第2車輪として、
前記車両が備える内燃機関に駆動連結される入力部材、前記第1車輪に駆動連結される第1出力部材、第1回転電機、及び分配用差動歯車機構を備え、前記第1車輪を駆動する第1駆動ユニットと、
前記第2車輪に駆動連結される第2出力部材、及び第2回転電機を備え、前記第2車輪を駆動する第2駆動ユニットと、
前記第1駆動ユニット、前記第2駆動ユニット、及び前記内燃機関を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記第1回転電機及び前記第2回転電機は、蓄電装置との間で電力の授受を行うように、当該蓄電装置と電気的に接続され、
前記分配用差動歯車機構は、前記入力部材に駆動連結された第1回転要素と、前記第1出力部材に駆動連結された第2回転要素と、前記第1回転電機に駆動連結された第3回転要素と、を備え、
前記第1駆動ユニットは、動作モードとして、第1モードと、第2モードと、を備え、 前記第1モードでは、前記内燃機関と前記第1出力部材との間での動力伝達が遮断された状態で、前記第1回転電機の駆動力を前記第1出力部材に伝達する状態となり、
前記第2モードでは、前記内燃機関から前記第1回転要素に伝達される駆動力の反力を前記第1回転電機から前記第3回転要素に伝達することで、前記内燃機関の駆動力を前記第2回転要素を介して前記第1出力部材に伝達する状態となり、
前記制御装置は、
前記車両の速度が規定の第1閾値未満の場合において、
前記車両に要求される駆動力である要求駆動力が規定の第2閾値未満であって、前記蓄電装置の充電量が規定の第3閾値以上である場合には、前記第1駆動ユニットの前記動作モードを前記第1モードとすると共に、前記第2回転電機の駆動力を前記第2出力部材に伝達する状態として、前記第1駆動ユニット及び前記第2駆動ユニットの双方により前記要求駆動力を出力するように制御する第1制御を実行し、
前記要求駆動力が前記第2閾値以上である場合、又は、前記蓄電装置の充電量が前記第3閾値未満である場合には、前記第1駆動ユニットの前記動作モードを前記第2モードとすると共に、前記第2回転電機の駆動力を前記第2出力部材に伝達する状態として、前記第1駆動ユニット及び前記第2駆動ユニットの双方により前記要求駆動力を出力するように制御する第2制御を実行する、車両用駆動装置。 - 前記第1駆動ユニットは、前記動作モードとして、第3モードを更に備え、
前記第3モードでは、前記分配用差動歯車機構の前記第1回転要素、前記第2回転要素、及び前記第3回転要素が一体的に回転し、少なくとも前記内燃機関の駆動力を前記第1出力部材に伝達する状態となり、
前記制御装置は、前記第1駆動ユニットの前記動作モードを前記第2モードから前記第3モードに移行するモード移行を行う場合に、当該モード移行による前記第1駆動ユニットの駆動力変動を補うように前記第2駆動ユニットの駆動力を制御する、請求項1に記載の車両用駆動装置。 - 前記第1駆動ユニットは、前記分配用差動歯車機構と前記第1出力部材との間の動力伝達経路に配置されて、複数の変速段を切り替え可能に構成された変速機を更に備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記変速機が前記変速段の切り替え動作を行う前に、前記第1駆動ユニットにおいて前記第1出力部材に出力する駆動力を減少させると共に前記第2駆動ユニットにおいて前記第2出力部材に出力する駆動力を増加させ、
前記変速機が前記変速段の切り替え動作を完了した後に、前記第1駆動ユニットにおいて前記第1出力部材に出力する駆動力を増加させると共に前記第2駆動ユニットにおいて前記第2出力部材に出力する駆動力を減少させる、請求項1又は2に記載の車両用駆動装置。 - 前記分配用差動歯車機構の前記第1回転要素、前記第2回転要素、及び前記第3回転要素の回転速度の順は記載の順であり、
前記第1駆動ユニットは、前記入力部材と前記第1回転要素との間の動力伝達を断接する第1係合装置と、前記第1回転要素、前記第2回転要素、及び前記第3回転要素の3つの回転要素のうちから選択される2つの間の動力伝達を断接する第2係合装置と、を更に備え、
前記第1モードでは、前記第1係合装置が解放状態、前記第2係合装置が係合状態とされ、
前記第2モードでは、前記第1係合装置が係合状態、前記第2係合装置が解放状態とされる、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の車両用駆動装置。 - 前記分配用差動歯車機構の前記第1回転要素、前記第2回転要素、及び前記第3回転要素の回転速度の順は記載の順であり、
前記第1駆動ユニットは、前記動作モードとして、第3モードを更に備え、
前記第3モードでは、前記分配用差動歯車機構の前記第1回転要素、前記第2回転要素、及び前記第3回転要素が一体的に回転し、少なくとも前記内燃機関の駆動力を前記第1出力部材に伝達する状態となり、
前記第1駆動ユニットの前記動作モードが前記第3モードである場合に、前記内燃機関の回転速度が当該内燃機関の自律回転可能速度の下限となる前記車両の速度を第1車速として、
前記制御装置は、前記第2制御を実行中に、前記車両の速度が前記第1車速を超えた場合には、前記第1駆動ユニットの前記動作モードを前記第2モードから前記第3モードに移行する、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用駆動装置。 - 前記分配用差動歯車機構の前記第1回転要素、前記第2回転要素、及び前記第3回転要素の回転速度の順は記載の順であり、
前記第1駆動ユニットは、前記動作モードとして、第3モードを更に備え、
前記第3モードでは、前記分配用差動歯車機構の前記第1回転要素、前記第2回転要素、及び前記第3回転要素が一体的に回転し、少なくとも前記内燃機関の駆動力を前記第1出力部材に伝達する状態となり、
前記第1駆動ユニットの前記動作モードが前記第3モードである場合に、前記内燃機関の回転速度が当該内燃機関の自律回転可能速度の下限となる前記車両の速度を第1車速として、
前記制御装置は、
前記第2制御を実行中において、
前記要求駆動力が規定の第4閾値以上であって前記充電量が規定の第5閾値以上である場合、又は、前記要求駆動力が前記第4閾値未満であって前記充電量が前記第5閾値未満である場合には、前記車両の速度が前記第1車速を超えた場合に、前記第1駆動ユニットの前記動作モードを前記第2モードから前記第3モードに移行し、
前記要求駆動力が前記第4閾値以上であって前記充電量が前記第5閾値未満である場合には、前記車両の速度が前記第1車速よりも高い車速に設定された第2車速を超えた場合に、前記第1駆動ユニットの前記動作モードを前記第2モードから前記第3モードに移行する、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の車両用駆動装置。 - 前記第1駆動ユニットは、前記分配用差動歯車機構と前記第1出力部材との間の動力伝達経路に配置されて、複数の変速段を切り替え可能に構成された変速機を更に備え、
前記変速機は、互いに平行に配置された第1軸部材及び第2軸部材と、前記第1軸部材に配置された第1ギヤ及び第2ギヤと、前記第2軸部材に配置されて前記第1ギヤに噛み合う第3ギヤと、前記第2軸部材に配置されて前記第2ギヤに噛み合う第4ギヤと、第3係合装置と、を備え、
前記第3係合装置は、前記第1ギヤと前記第3ギヤとの間で伝達される駆動力が前記第2軸部材に伝達される状態と、前記第2ギヤと前記第4ギヤとの間で伝達される駆動力が前記第2軸部材に伝達される状態と、を選択的に切り替える噛合い式係合装置である、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の車両用駆動装置。 - 前記第1駆動ユニットは、前記動作モードとして、第3モードを更に備え、
前記第3モードでは、前記分配用差動歯車機構の前記第1回転要素、前記第2回転要素、及び前記第3回転要素が一体的に回転し、少なくとも前記内燃機関の駆動力を前記第1出力部材に伝達する状態となり、
前記第1駆動ユニットは、前記入力部材と前記第1回転要素との間の動力伝達を断接する第1係合装置と、前記第1回転要素、前記第2回転要素、及び前記第3回転要素の3つの回転要素のうちから選択される2つの間の動力伝達を断接する第2係合装置と、を更に備え、
前記第3モードでは、前記第1係合装置及び前記第2係合装置の双方が係合状態とされ、
前記第1駆動ユニットは、前記分配用差動歯車機構と前記第1出力部材との間の動力伝達経路に配置されて、複数の変速段を切り替え可能に構成された変速機を更に備え、
複数の前記変速段の少なくとも1つの変速比が1未満である、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の車両用駆動装置。
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