JP2021524264A - 感染性疾患の治療のための共受容体システム - Google Patents
感染性疾患の治療のための共受容体システム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本特許出願は、2018年7月13日に出願されたPCT/CN2018/095650、および2019年5月16日に出願されたPCT/CN2019/087259の優先権の利益を主張しており、各出願の内容は、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
発明の概要
定義
共受容体システム
キメラ受容体(CR)コンストラクト
キメラ共刺激受容体(CCOR)
CRおよびCCOR抗原結合ドメイン
共受容体(「COR」)
抗HIV抗体
抗体部位
ヒトおよびヒト化された抗体部位
更なる変異体
a.疎水性:ノルロイシン、Met、Ala、Val、Leu、Ile;
b.中性親水性:Cys、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln;
c.酸性:Asp、Glu;
d.塩基性:His、Lys、Arg
e.鎖配向に影響を与える残基:Gly、Pro;
f.芳香性:Trp、Tyr、Phe。
核酸の発現
免疫細胞
改変された免疫細胞の調製
遺伝子修飾
医薬組成物
医薬品添加剤
改変された免疫細胞を用いた治療方法
製造物品およびキット
例示的な実施形態
実施例2.材料および方法
キメラ抗原受容体(CAR)遺伝子またはeTCR遺伝子をpLVXベクター中のEF1プロモーターによって制御した。遺伝子を合成し、GenScriptでベクターにクローニングした。293T細胞を、CARまたはeTCRトランスファープラスミド、第2世代レンチウイルスパッケージングプラスミドおよびVSV−Gエンベロープコードプラスミドでトランスフェクトした。プラスミドを、10%ポリエチレンイミン(PEI)試薬により293T細胞にトランスフェクトした。ウイルス上清をトランスフェクション後48時間および72時間で採取した。上清を0.45μmの滅菌フィルターで濾過し、細胞残屑を除去した。ウイルスをPEG法で濃縮し、アリコートし、−80℃で保存した。
パンT細胞をPBMCからパンT細胞分離キット(Miltenyi Biotech社製)で富化し、T細胞活性化/拡大増殖キット(Miltenyi Biotech社製)で48時間活性化した。活性化されたT細胞を8μg/mlのポリブレンの存在下でレンチウイルスとインキュベートし、室温にて1000gで1時間遠心した。細胞をAIM−V培地+5%ウシ胎児血清(FBS)+300IU/mlの組換えヒトIL−2中で拡大増殖させた。形質導入効率はフローサイトメトリーにより、形質導入後4日目のCAR+またはeTCR+の割合として決定した。
標的細胞をPBS中の2.5μM CFSEで5分間室温にて標識した後、1/10体積のFBSを添加して反応を停止させた。細胞を2回洗浄し、培地に再懸濁した。エフェクター細胞と標的細胞を所望のエフェクター:標的比(E:T比)で24時間共培養した。CFSE標識された標的細胞の死滅をフローサイトメトリーで調べた。
CD4−T細胞を4日間インビトロで精製し、活性化した後、SHIVSF162P3ウイルスに感染させた。この細胞を、感染後12日目に標的細胞として使用した。エフェクター細胞として、UNT細胞、抗CD4 CAR−T細胞、抗CCR5 CAR−T細胞、タンデム抗CD4/抗CCR5細胞を使用した。エフェクター細胞と標的細胞を0.5:1および2:1の比率で72時間共培養した。ウイルス陽性細胞率をp27細胞内染色により検出した。
抗ヒトCD3、CD4、CD8、CCR5およびp27モノクローナル抗体をBiolegend社およびBD Bioscience社から購入した。ヤギ抗ヒトIgG、F(ab')2ポリクローナル抗体をJackson ImmunoResearch社から購入した。細胞をDPBS+2%FBS+1mM EDTAに再懸濁し、フロー染色を行った。データをBD FACSCelestaフローサイトメーターで収集し、Flowjoソフトウェア(TreeStar社製)で解析した。
標的細胞をエフェクター細胞と24時間共培養した。細胞培地を採取し、HTRFアッセイ(Cisbio社製)によりIFNγ濃度を検出した。アッセイを製造元のプロトコルに従って実施した。簡単に言えば、16μlのサンプルを、アッセイプレート中で予め混合された4μlの抗IFNγ抗体と混合した。プレートを室温にて一晩暗所でインキュベートした。シグナルをPheraStarマイクロプレートリーダーにより検出した。
標的T細胞を、同じく強化緑色蛍光タンパク質(EGFP)を発現するHIV偽ウイルスに感染させた。標的細胞とエフェクター細胞を1:1の比で24時間共培養した。細胞を採取し、qPCRのためにゲノムDNAを回収した。統合されたDNAコピー数を、細胞ゲノムDNA中のEGFPコピー数を検出することにより検出した。
NCGマウスにHH皮膚T細胞リンパ腫細胞を皮下注射で移植した。腫瘍の大きさが120mm3に達した時点で、マウスを3つの群に分けて処理を行った。対照のUNT細胞とCAR−T細胞をHBSS緩衝剤に再懸濁した。細胞を尾静脈注射によりマウスに接種した。1群のマウスには対照として400μlのHBSSを投与した。もう1群のマウスには2500万個のUNT細胞を投与し、最後の群のマウスには500万個のCAR+抗CD4 CAR−T細胞を投与した。マウスを観察し、腫瘍の大きさと体重を実験終了まで記録した。腫瘍の大きさが2000mm3に達した時点でマウスを犠牲にした。
新生NCGマウスにヒト造血幹細胞を移植して、マウスをヒト免疫細胞で再構成し、HISマウスと命名した。HISマウスを、抗CD4、抗CCR5またはタンデム抗CD4/抗CCR5 CAR−T細胞で処理した。同時にCD4+/CCR5+細胞の存在を実験中に試験した。
実施例3.CAR−T細胞の評価
キメラ抗原受容体(CAR)発現ベクターの構築
CAR細胞の構築と表現型
CAR−T細胞を、ヒト末梢単核細胞(PBMC)から単離したT細胞から生成した。PBMCからのT細胞をインビトロで富化し、活性化した後、CAR遺伝子をコードするレンチウイルスで形質導入した。CD8+T細胞は、活性化すると細胞毒性因子であるパーフォリンおよびグランザイムBを分泌して標的細胞を殺傷する機能を有している。CD8 T細胞の細胞毒性機能は、感染した細胞を排除し、内在する異常な細胞形質変換を監視するための適応免疫系にとって非常に重要である。また、人為的に改変されたCAR−T細胞の最も重要な機能は、標的細胞の殺傷機能である。改変されたCAR−T細胞の細胞毒性機能を調べるために、CAR−T細胞をパンT細胞と所望の比率で共培養した。その中でCAR−T細胞をエフェクター細胞(E)と命名し、パンT細胞を標的細胞(T)と命名した。エフェクター細胞と区別するために、標的細胞をCFSEで標識した。標的細胞とエフェクター細胞を24時間共培養した後、フローサイトメトリーのために採取した。細胞毒性効果を反映するために、CFSE標識された標的細胞の割合を記録した。CAR−T細胞の陰性対照として、非形質導入T細胞(UNT)を用いた。CAR−T形質導入後1週間で、それらの重要な機能、すなわち標的細胞の殺傷能力を最初のスクリーニング中に試験した。図7は、抗CCR5 CAR−T細胞、抗CD4 CAR−T細胞、抗CXCR4−CAR−T細胞の定量的なスクリーニング結果を示す。14の抗CCR5 CAR−Tの中で、13番目のものが最も標的殺傷効果が高かった。16の抗CD4 CAR−Tの中で、最も効率が良かったのは13番目であった。8の抗CXCR4−CAR−Tの中で、5番目が最も標的殺傷効果が高い。抗CD4 CAR−T No.13は、CD4 CAR−T(配列番号11)と改名し、scFv配列を、以下のすべての抗CD4設計において使用した。抗CCR5 CAR−T No.13を抗CCR5−CAR−T(配列番号12)と改名し、そのscFv配列を複合体設計に使用した。
CAR−Tサイトカインプロファイル解析
実施例4.eTCR T細胞の評価
eTCR−T細胞の表現型
eTCR−T細胞の拡大増殖
eTCR−T細胞毒性
eTCR−Tサイトカインプロファイル解析
実施例5.CXCR5発現T細胞
実施例6 広域中和抗体を発現するT細胞
実施例7
CAR T細胞の機能的応用
実施例8.スプリットCARシステム
Claims (58)
- 改変された免疫細胞であって、
a)キメラ受容体(CR)であって、i)CR標的抗原を特異的に認識するCR抗原結合ドメイン、ii)CR膜貫通ドメイン、およびiii)細胞内CRシグナル伝達ドメインを含むキメラ受容体(CR)、ならびに
b)キメラ共受容体(CCOR)であって、i)CCOR標的抗原を特異的に認識するCCOR抗原結合ドメイン、ii)CCOR膜貫通ドメイン、およびiii)細胞内CCOR共刺激ドメインを含むキメラ共受容体(CCOR)
を含み、
前記CR標的抗原はCCR5もしくはCXCR4であり、前記CCOR標的抗原はCD4であるか、または
前記CR標的抗原はCD4であり、前記CCOR標的抗原はCCR5もしくはCXCR4である、改変された免疫細胞。 - 改変された免疫細胞であって、
キメラ受容体(CR)であって、i)CR標的抗原を特異的に認識するCR抗原結合ドメイン、ii)CR膜貫通ドメイン、およびiii)細胞内CRシグナル伝達ドメインを含むキメラ受容体(CR)
を含み、
前記CR標的抗原は、CCR5、CXCR4およびCD4からなる群から選択される、改変された免疫細胞。 - 前記CCR5、前記CXCR4または前記CD4が、広域中和抗体とタンデム化されている、請求項1または2に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記広域中和抗体が、VRC01、PGT121、3BNC117または10−1074である、請求項3に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 1または複数の共受容体(「1または複数のCOR」)をさらに含む、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 改変された免疫細胞であって、
a)キメラ受容体(CR)をコードする第1の核酸であって、前記CRは、i)CR標的抗原を特異的に認識するCR抗原結合ドメイン、ii)CR膜貫通ドメイン、およびiii)細胞内CRシグナル伝達ドメインを含む、第1の核酸、ならびに
b)キメラ共受容体(CCOR)をコードする第2の核酸であって、前記CCORは、i)CCOR標的抗原を特異的に認識するCCOR抗原結合ドメイン、ii)CCOR膜貫通ドメイン、およびiii)細胞内CCOR共刺激シグナル伝達ドメインを含む、第2の核酸
を含み、
前記CR標的抗原はCCR5もしくはCXCR4であり、前記CCOR標的抗原はCD4であるか、または
前記CR標的抗原はCD4であり、前記CCOR標的抗原はCCR5もしくはCXCR4である、改変された免疫細胞。 - 改変された免疫細胞であって、
キメラ受容体(CR)をコードする核酸であって、前記CRは、i)CR標的抗原を特異的に認識するCR抗原結合ドメイン、ii)CR膜貫通ドメイン、およびiii)細胞内CRシグナル伝達ドメインを含む、核酸
を含み、
前記CR標的抗原は、CCR5、CXCR4およびCD4からなる群から選択される、改変された免疫細胞。 - 前記CCR5、前記CXCR4または前記CD4が、広域中和抗体とタンデム化されている、請求項6または7に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記広域中和抗体が、VRC01、PGT121、3BNC117または10−1074である、請求項8に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 1または複数の共受容体(「1または複数のCOR」)をコードする1または複数の核酸をさらに含む、請求項6から9のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CRがキメラ抗原受容体(「CAR」)である、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CR膜貫通ドメインがCD8αに由来する、請求項11に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記細胞内CRシグナル伝達ドメインがCD3ζに由来する、請求項11に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CRがさらに細胞内CR共刺激シグナル伝達ドメインを含む、請求項11から13のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記細胞内CR共刺激シグナル伝達ドメインが、4−1−BBの細胞質ドメインを含む、請求項14に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CRが細胞内共刺激シグナル伝達ドメインを含まない、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CRがキメラT細胞受容体(「cTCR」)である、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CR膜貫通ドメインが、TCRα、TCRβ、TCRγ、TCRδ、CD3γ、CD3ε、およびCD3δからなる群から選択されるTCRサブユニットの膜貫通ドメインに由来する、請求項17に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CR膜貫通ドメインが、前記CD3εの膜貫通ドメインに由来する、請求項18に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記細胞内CRシグナル伝達ドメインが、TCRα、TCRβ、TCRγ、TCRδ、CD3γ、CD3ε、およびCD3δからなる群から選択されるTCRサブユニットの細胞内シグナル伝達ドメインに由来する、請求項17から19のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記細胞内CRシグナル伝達ドメインが、前記CD3εの細胞内シグナル伝達ドメインに由来する、請求項20に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CR膜貫通ドメインおよび細胞内CRシグナル伝達ドメインが、同一または異なる前記TCRサブユニットに由来する、請求項18から21のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CRがさらにTCRサブユニットの細胞外ドメインの一部を含む、請求項18から22のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CRが、前記CD3εのN末端に融合した前記CR抗原結合ドメインを含む、請求項18から23のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CR標的抗原がCD4である、請求項1から24のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CCOR標的抗原がCD4である、請求項1、請求項1に間接的に従属する請求項5、請求項6、請求項6に間接的に従属する請求項10から25のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CR標的抗原がCCR5またはCXCR4であり、前記CCOR標的抗原がCD4である、請求項1、請求項1に間接的に従属する請求項5、請求項6、請求項6に間接的に従属する請求項10から24および26のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CR標的抗原がCD4であり、前記CCOR標的抗原がCCR5または前記CXCR4である、請求項1、請求項1に間接的に従属する請求項5、請求項6、請求項6に間接的に従属する請求項10から25のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CR抗原結合ドメインまたは前記CCOR抗原結合ドメインが、CD4(CD4−D1)のドメイン1を特異的に認識する、請求項1または6に間接的に従属する請求項25から28のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記1または複数のCORが、CXCR5、α4β7およびCCR9からなる群から選択される、請求項5、請求項10、請求項5または10に間接的に従属する請求項11から29のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記1または複数のCORが、α4β7とCCR9の両方を含む、請求項30に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記改変された免疫細胞が、前記細胞内のCCR5の発現を減少させるか、または排除するように改変されている、請求項1から31のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記改変された免疫細胞が、抗HIV抗体を発現するように改変されている、請求項1から32のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記抗HIV抗体が広域中和抗体である、請求項33に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記広域中和抗体が、VRC01、PGT121、3BNC117または10−1074である、請求項34に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CR抗原結合ドメインがscFvまたはsdAbである、請求項1から35のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記CCOR抗原結合ドメインがscFvまたはsdAbである、請求項1、請求項1に間接的に従属する請求項3から5、請求項6、請求項6に間接的に従属する請求項8から36のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 前記改変された免疫細胞が、細胞毒性T細胞、ヘルパーT細胞、ナチュラルキラー細胞、γδT細胞およびナチュラルキラーT細胞からなる群から選択される、請求項1から37のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞。
- 請求項1から37のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞と、薬学的に許容される担体とを含む、医薬組成物。
- 前記医薬組成物が、請求項1から38のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞の少なくとも2種類の異なるタイプを含む、請求項39に記載の医薬組成物。
- 請求項39または40に記載の医薬組成物の有効量を個体に投与する段階を含む、個体の感染性疾患を治療する方法。
- 前記感染性疾患が、HIVおよびHTLVからなる群から選択されるウイルスによる感染性疾患である、請求項41に記載の方法。
- 前記感染性疾患がHIVである、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 第2の抗感染剤を個体に投与する段階をさらに含む、請求項41から43のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項39または40に記載の医薬組成物の有効量を個体に投与する段階を含む、個体の癌を治療する方法。
- 前記癌がT細胞リンパ腫である、請求項45に記載の方法。
- 第2の抗癌剤を個体に投与する段階をさらに含む、請求項45または46に記載の方法。
- 前記個体がヒトである、請求項41から47のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から38のいずれか一項に記載の改変された免疫細胞を作製する方法であって、
a)免疫細胞の集団を提供する段階と、
b)前記CRをコードする第1の核酸を前記免疫細胞の集団に導入する段階と
を含む、方法。 - c)前記CCORをコードする第2の核酸を前記免疫細胞の集団に導入する段階
をさらに含む、請求項1に従属する請求項49、請求項1に間接的に従属する請求項3から5に従属する請求項49、請求項6に従属する請求項49、請求項6に間接的に従属する請求項8から38に従属する請求項49のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 1または複数のCORをコードする1または複数の核酸を前記免疫細胞の集団に導入する段階をさらに含む、請求項50に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の核酸、前記第2の核酸、および/または前記CORをコードする核酸を、ウイルスベクターを介して前記細胞に導入する、請求項50または51に記載の方法。
- 広域中和抗体(bNAb)またはHIV融合阻害ペプチドをコードする核酸を前記免疫細胞の集団に導入する段階
をさらに含む、請求項49から52のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記細胞のCCR5遺伝子を不活化する段階
をさらに含む、請求項49から53のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記CCR5遺伝子を、CRISPR/Cas9、TALEN、ZFN、siRNA、およびアンチセンスRNAからなる群から選択される方法を用いて不活化する、請求項54に記載の方法。
- 個体の末梢血から前記免疫細胞の集団を得る段階
をさらに含む、請求項49から55のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記免疫細胞の集団が、CD4+細胞についてさらに富化されている、請求項56に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞の集団が、CD8+細胞についてさらに富化されている、請求項56または57に記載の方法。
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WO2021180832A1 (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2021-09-16 | Universiteit Gent | Hybrid car and hybrid tcr cells to treat infectious diseases |
US20210338731A1 (en) * | 2020-05-04 | 2021-11-04 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Non-Signaling HIV Fusion Inhibitors And Methods Of Use Thereof |
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AU2019302603A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
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