JP2020536363A - 弾性で伸縮性のゲルポリマー電解質 - Google Patents
弾性で伸縮性のゲルポリマー電解質 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020536363A JP2020536363A JP2020519421A JP2020519421A JP2020536363A JP 2020536363 A JP2020536363 A JP 2020536363A JP 2020519421 A JP2020519421 A JP 2020519421A JP 2020519421 A JP2020519421 A JP 2020519421A JP 2020536363 A JP2020536363 A JP 2020536363A
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- Prior art keywords
- coated
- polyol
- active material
- polyurethane
- coated electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
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- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical group C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 aromatic isocyanate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
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- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethyldiethylenetriamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)C UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N=C=O)=CC=CC2=C1N=C=O SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
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- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N methyl (2s)-2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@H](N=C=O)CCCCN=C=O AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000005059 1,4-Cyclohexyldiisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCN=C=O OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICLCCFKUSALICQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-4-(4-isocyanato-3-methylphenyl)-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound C1=C(N=C=O)C(C)=CC(C=2C=C(C)C(N=C=O)=CC=2)=C1 ICLCCFKUSALICQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRQLZCFSWYQHPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dichloro-2-cyclohexyl-1,2-thiazol-3-one Chemical compound O=C1C(Cl)=C(Cl)SN1C1CCCCC1 JRQLZCFSWYQHPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910015014 LiNiCoAlO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013210 LiNiMnCoO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
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- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710203175 Prothoracicotropic hormone Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008275 binding mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001631 carbomer Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001688 coating polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000840 electrochemical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009474 hot melt extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium iron(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Fe+2].[Li+] CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;manganese;nickel;oxocobalt Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Ni].[Co]=O VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)nickel Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Ni]=O VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003217 poly(methylsilsesquioxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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Abstract
Description
42.92gのポリ(テトラヒドロフラン)(「PTHF」)を4〜6時間、29インチHgの真空下で80℃で乾燥させた。そのPTHFをデシケーター内で20〜24℃に冷却した。N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド(DMAc)中のN,N,N’,N”,N”−ペンタメチルジエチレントリアミン(PMDTA)の原液を、(1)乾燥したガラスバイアル中で0.44gのPMDTAを8.36gのDMAcに加え、(2)その溶液を穏やかに振とうし、(3)その溶液を窒素下で保存して調製した。
アノードをコーティングと試験のために調製した。アノード活物質として、大阪チタニウムテクノロジーズ社(日本、兵庫県尼崎市)から市販されている12.2gのSiOxを用いた。導電剤として、Timcal Graphite&Carbon(Bodio,Switzerland)から市販されている1.53gの導電性カーボン、C−NERGY(商標)Super C65を使用した。バインダー組成物としてAshland LLC(Wilmington,DE,USA)から市販されている1.52gのSoteras(商標)MSiを使用した。
直径20mm、高さ3.2mmのハーフコインセル(CR−2032ハーフコインセル)は、リチウム金属ディスクカソード、ポリオレフィンセパレーター、およびエチレンカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート(EC:DEC:DMC、重量で1:1:1)と10重量%のフルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)の混合物中の1mol/LのLiPF6の電解質と組み合わせた上記で調製したアノードを用いて作製した。リチウム塩として、ヘキサフルオロリン酸リチウム(LiPF6)を使用した。そのハーフコインセルを、様々なレートでサイクルおよびレート容量試験、およびハーフコインセルのインピーダンスを決定する試験に供した。
形成サイクルでは、そのセルを、0.05Cの電流レートを使用して0.01V〜1.5Vの間でサイクルし、これは安定したSEIの形成に役立った。上記で調製したハーフコインセルの放電容量を、0.3Cの電流レートを使用して、20〜24℃で評価し、そのコーティングしたアノードのフィルム厚さは、約15μm〜約70μmであった。アノードは、充電と放電の間に10分の休止時間を置いて、Li/Li+に対して0.01V〜1.5Vの電圧範囲で評価した。定電圧(CV)モードと定電流(CC)モードは、充電状態(すなわち、SiOxへのLi挿入)と放電状態(SiOxからのLi抽出)の場合にそれぞれ使用した。その結果は、200サイクルから得た図1に示す。ポリウレタンGPEコーティングは、ポリウレタンGPEコーティングなしで調製したアノードよりも高い比容量と良好な保持を有することがわかる。
サンプルA−3およびB−3から調製したハーフコインセルのレート容量を、20〜24℃で0.01V〜1.5Vの範囲の電圧ウインドウで、0.05C、0.2C、0.5C、1C、およびレートあたり4サイクルで0.05Cのレートで、CC/CCモードを使用してセルを充電および放電することで評価した。コーティングしたアノードの厚さは15μm〜70μmであった。アノードの面負荷は1.8mg SiOx/cm2であった。結果を図2に示し、これは、ポリウレタンGPEコーティングで調製したアノードが、ポリウレタンGPEコーティングなしで調製したアノードよりも高い比容量を有することを示している。
サンプルA−4およびD−3から調製した上記の2032ハーフコインセルのインピーダンスをインピーダンスについて試験した。電池のインピーダンスデータは、Solartron Analytical(Leicester,UK)のSolartron(登録商標)1260を使用して測定した。結果を図3に示す。
ポリ(テトラヒドロフラン)(PTHF、Mw=2900)、メチレンジフェニルジイソシアネート(MDI)、エチレンジアミン(EDA)、ジメチルアセトアミド(DMAc、無水)、およびペンタメチルジエチレントリアミンは、Sigma−Aldrichから購入し、精製せずにそのまま使用した。
アノードを、コーティングとしてではなくバインダー組成物としてポリウレタンを使用して調製した。3.80gのAshland(商標)981カルボマー(Ashland LLC,Wilmington,DEから市販されているアクリル酸の架橋ポリマー)を120.01グラムのNMPに溶解してバインダー溶液を形成した。50.00gのバインダー溶液と2.50gのC−NERGY(商標)Super C65を添加し、200mlのThinky Mixerカップで混合した。20.00gのNMPおよび20,00gのSiOxをそのカップに加えて、スラリーを形成した。サンプルC−1フィルムをDMAcに溶解して、20重量%のポリウレタン溶液を形成した。5.00gのポリウレタン溶液と5.00gのNMPをそのカップに加えた。形成したスラリーをキャップ付きの4オンスのガラス瓶に移し、一晩保存した。アノード活物質と導電性カーボンとカーボマーとポリウレタンの質量比は、約80:10:6:4であった。以上の手順で3つのサンプルE、F、Gを調製した。
Claims (42)
- リチウムイオン電池の調製に使用するコーティングされた電極であって、
(1)フィルムと;(2)集電体とを含む電極であって、前記フィルムが、(i)電極活物質、(ii)バインダー組成物、および(iii)導電剤、を含む、電極;および
ポリウレタンゲルポリマー電解質を含むポリマーコーティング組成物を含み、
前記ポリマーコーティング組成物が、前記電極の外面を実質的に覆っている、コーティングされた電極。 - 前記ポリウレタンゲルポリマー電解質が、(i)イソシアネートと(ii)ポリオールとの反応によって形成されるポリウレタンを含む、請求項1に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記イソシアネートが、芳香族ジイソシアネートである、請求項2に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記イソシアネートが、4,4’−メチレンビス(フェニルイソシアネート)である、請求項3に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記ポリオールが、ポリエーテルポリオールである、請求項2〜4のいずれか一項に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記ポリオールが、ポリ(テトラヒドロフラン)である、請求項5に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記ポリオールと前記イソシアネートのモル比が、約1.0:1.2〜約1.0:2.0である、請求項2〜6のいずれか一項に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記ポリオールと前記イソシアネートのモル比が、約1.0:1.5である、請求項7に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記ポリオールが、約1,000〜約3,500ダルトンの数平均分子量を有する、請求項2〜8のいずれか一項に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記ポリオールが、約1,570ダルトンの数平均分子量を有する、請求項9に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記反応が、エチレンジアミンを実質的に含まない、請求項2〜10のいずれか一項に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記反応が、失活剤によってクエンチされる、請求項2〜11のいずれか一項に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記失活剤が、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノールおよびブタノールからなる群より選択される、請求項12に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記ポリマーコーティング組成物が、前記電極上に溶液コーティングされる、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記電極活物質が、アノード活物質である、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記アノード活物質が、(A)炭素質材料、(B)シリコン基合金、(C)炭素質材料とAl、Ag、Bi、In、Ge、Mg、Pb、Si、Sn、Ti、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される金属とを含む錯化合物、(D)リチウム複合金属酸化物、(E)リチウム含有窒化物、および(F)項目(A)〜(E)を含む成分の組み合わせ、からなる群より選択される、請求項15に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記アノード活物質が、グラファイトと酸化ケイ素を含み、前記グラファイトと前記酸化ケイ素の重量比が、約99:1〜約1:99である、請求項16に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記バインダー組成物が、ポリウレタンを実質的に含まない、請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記導電剤が、導電性カーボンである、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- 前記集電体が、アルミニウム、炭素、銅、ステンレス鋼、ニッケル、亜鉛、銀、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載のコーティングされた電極。
- リチウムイオン電池の調製に使用するためのコーティングされた電極を製造する方法であって、
(1)電極活物質、(2)バインダー組成物、および(3)導電剤を組み合わせて、スラリーを形成すること;
前記スラリーを集電体に塗布して、前記集電体上にスラリー層を含む、コーティングされた集電体を形成すること;
前記コーティングされた集電体の前記スラリー層を乾燥させて、前記集電体上にフィルムを形成すること(前記電極は、前記フィルムと前記集電体とを含む);
溶媒中のポリマーコーティング組成物を前記電極に塗布して、前記ポリマーコーティング組成物によって実質的に覆われた外面を有するコーティングされた電極を形成すること;および
前記ポリマーコーティング組成物から前記溶媒を蒸発させて、前記電極上にポリウレタンゲルポリマー電解質コーティングを形成すること、
を含む、方法。 - 前記電極活物質と前記導電剤と前記バインダー組成物の質量比が、約8:1:1である、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマーコーティング組成物が、約0.1mg/cm2〜約0.9mg/cm2の質量負荷を有する、請求項21または22に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリウレタンゲルポリマー電解質が、(i)イソシアネートと(ii)ポリオールとを含む反応によって形成されるポリウレタンを含む、請求項21〜23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリウレタンが、前記ポリマーコーティング組成物中に約1重量%〜約25重量%で存在する、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記イソシアネートが、芳香族ジイソシアネートである、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記芳香族イソシアネートが、4,4’−メチレンビス(フェニルイソシアネート)である、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリオールが、ポリエーテルポリオールである、請求項24〜27のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリエーテルオールが、ポリ(テトラヒドロフラン)である、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリオールと前記イソシアネートのモル比が、約1.0:1.2〜約1.0:2.0である、請求項24〜29のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリオールと前記イソシアネートのモル比が、約1.0:1.5である、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリオールが、約1,000〜約3,500ダルトンの数平均分子量を有する、請求項24〜31のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリオールが、約1,570ダルトンの数平均分子量を有する、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記反応が、エチレンジアミンを実質的に含まない、請求項24〜33のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマーコーティング組成物が、前記電極上に溶液コーティングされる、請求項21〜34のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電極活物質が、アノード活物質である、請求項21〜35のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記アノード活物質が、(A)炭素質材料、(B)シリコン基合金、(C)炭素質材料とAl、Ag、Bi、In、Ge、Mg、Pb、Si、Sn、Ti、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される金属とを含む錯化合物、(D)リチウム複合金属酸化物、(E)リチウム含有窒化物、および(F)項目(A)〜(E)を含む成分の組み合わせ、からなる群より選択される、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 前記アノード活物質が、グラファイトと酸化ケイ素を含み、前記グラファイトと前記酸化ケイ素の重量比が、約99:1〜約1:99である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記バインダー組成物が、ポリウレタンを実質的に含まない、請求項21〜38のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記導電剤が、導電性カーボン、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンブラック、カーボンファイバー、グラファイト、グラフェン、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項21〜39のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記集電体が、アルミニウム、炭素、銅、ステンレス鋼、ニッケル、亜鉛、銀、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項21〜40のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒が、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド(DMAc)、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)、テトラメチルシラン(TMS)およびジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)からなる群より選択される、請求項21〜41のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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