JP2020527619A - 難燃性ポリウレタンフォーム - Google Patents
難燃性ポリウレタンフォーム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020527619A JP2020527619A JP2019572739A JP2019572739A JP2020527619A JP 2020527619 A JP2020527619 A JP 2020527619A JP 2019572739 A JP2019572739 A JP 2019572739A JP 2019572739 A JP2019572739 A JP 2019572739A JP 2020527619 A JP2020527619 A JP 2020527619A
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- Prior art keywords
- isocyanate
- reactive
- sulfur
- weight
- flame retardant
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- C08G14/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00
- C08G14/14—Block or graft polymers prepared by polycondensation of aldehydes or ketones on to macromolecular compounds
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Abstract
Description
本文書を通して使用されるように、語句「反応性臭素化難燃剤」は、「イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤」と同等の意味を有する。同様に、「反応性硫黄含有化合物」という語句は、この文書全体で使用される「イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物」と同等の意味を有する。
イソシアネート指数=使用されるイソシアネートの実際の当量×100
反応した水素の理論上の当量
実施例において、使用される物質のいくつかは、それらの商品名で呼ばれている。さらに具体的には以下である:
E−300:3,5−ジメチルチオ−トルエン−2,4−ジアミン及び3,5−ジメチルチオ−トルエン−2,6−ジアミンの混合物(Ethacure(登録商標)300硬化剤、Albemarle Corporation)。
Saytex(登録商標)RB−79:テトラブロモフタル酸無水物とジエチレングリコール及びプロピレングリコールの混合エステル(Saytex(登録商標)RB−79難燃剤、Albemarle Corporation)。
DBAA:2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコール。
BHEDS:ビス(2−ヒドロキシエチル)ジスルフィド。
TCPP:トリス(1−クロロ−2−プロピル)ホスフェート。
EB:2−ブトキシエタノール。
ナノクレイ:0.5〜5重量%のアミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン(Nanomer(登録商標)I.31PS、Sigma−Aldrich)を含むように表面改質されたモンモリロナイトクレイ。
Voranol(登録商標)280:約7.0の官能価、約280のヒドロキシル価、及び約1400の平均分子量(Dow Chemical Company)を有するポリエーテルポリオール。
Terate(登録商標)HT 5349:約2.45の官能価と295−315のヒドロキシル価を有する芳香族ポリエステルポリオール(Invista)。
Stepanpol(登録商標)PS−2412:約2.0の官能価、約240のヒドロキシル価、及び約468の平均分子量を有する変性芳香族ポリエステルポリオール(Stepan Chemical Company)。
Carpol(登録商標)GP−1500:約3の官能価、112のヒドロキシル価、及び約1500の平均分子量を有するグリセリン開始ポリエーテルポリオール;Carpol(登録商標)GP−700:官能基3、ヒドロキシル価240、及び平均分子量約700のグリセリン及びプロピレンオキシドポリエーテルポリオール(全てのCarpol(登録商標)材料はCarpenter Companyの製品である)。
Dabco(登録商標)DC193:シリコーン界面活性剤。Dabco(登録商標)T−120:ジブチルビス(ドデシルチオ)スタンナン;Dabco(登録商標)K−15:オクタン酸カリウム;Dabco(登録商標)TMR−2:2−ヒドロキシプロピルトリメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩;Dabco(登録商標)T:ヒドロキシル基を有するアミン;Dabco(登録商標)PM−300:2−ブトキシエタノール(全てのDabco(登録商標)材料はAir Products and Chemicals、Incの製品である)。
Polycat(登録商標)204:アミン触媒(Air Products and Chemicals、Inc)。
Solstice(登録商標)LBA:trans−1−クロロ−3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペン(Honeywell)。
Genetron(登録商標)245fa:1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロパン(Honeywell)。
Opteon(商標)1100:1,2−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)エテン;Formacel(登録商標)1100(The Chemours Company)とも呼ばれる。
Papi(登録商標)27:重合体MDI(Dow Plastics)。
本実施例の実験では、反応性硫黄含有化合物、反応性臭素化難燃剤、またはその両方をフォームから省いた。成分の量は表1に記載されており、ここでは全ての量は重量%として報告されている;結果を表2にまとめる。
この実施例の施行では、硫黄含有芳香族ジアミン及び反応性臭素化難燃剤がフォームに含まれていた。硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンと反応性臭素化難燃剤を組み合わせて、これらの混合物の特性を試験した;結果を表3にまとめる。本実施例の施行では、フォームは同等の(等モル)臭素含有量で製造された。フォームの作成に使用される成分の量を表4に列挙する;フォームの結果を表5にまとめる。
この実施例の施行では、硫黄含有芳香族ジアミン及び反応性臭素化難燃剤がフォームに含まれていた。この実施例の実験の1つでは、ナノクレイを使用した。RB−79及びTCPPを、Saytex(登録商標)RB−7001難燃剤として追加した;追加のTCPPは、B側混合物に追加した。
この実施例の施行では、ジスルフィド及び反応性臭素化難燃剤がフォームに含まれていた。本実施例の施行では、フォームは同等の(等モル)臭素含有量で製造された。フォームの作成に使用される成分の量を表8に列挙し、ここでは全ての量は、重量%として報告しており;フォームの結果は下の表Aにまとめる。
この実施例の施行では、ジスルフィド、硫黄含有芳香族ジアミン及び反応性臭素化難燃剤(複数可)の種々の組み合わせが本発明のフォームに含まれていた。施行1〜10は比較である。本実施例の施行では、フォームは同等の(等モル)臭素含有量で製造された。フォームの作成に使用される成分の量を、下の表B−1〜B−4に列挙する;フォームの結果を下の表C−1〜C−5にまとめる。
A)少なくとも1つのイソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物、及び少なくとも1つのイソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤を含む成分から構成されるか、またはそれらから形成される難燃性組成物であって、ただし、イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物が硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンであり、イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオールであり、組成物が別の臭素化難燃剤、別の硫黄含有化合物、トリス(1−クロロ−2−プロピル)ホスフェート、及び/または表面改質モンモリロナイトナノクレイである条件である。
硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンが、約0.5重量%〜約10重量%の範囲であり;
臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオールが、約5重量%〜約30重量%の範囲であり;かつ
トリス(1−クロロ−2−プロピル)ホスフェートが、約50重量%〜約90重量%の範囲であり;
かつ必要に応じて、表面改質モンモリロナイトナノクレイが、約0.5重量%〜約5重量%の範囲であり、
ここで、重量%は、組成物の総重量に基づいている、難燃性組成物。
ポリオールが、ポリエーテルポリオール及び/またはポリエステルポリオールであり;
ポリオールは約3〜約7の官能価を有するか、及び/または
発泡剤は、水、1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロパン、トランス−1−クロロ−3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペン、及び/または1,2−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)エテンである。
イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物が、配合物の総重量に基づいて約1重量%〜約20重量%の量で、3,5−ジメチルチオ−トルエン−2,4−ジアミンと3,5−ジメチルチオ−トルエン−2,6−ジアミンとの混合物である硫黄含有芳香族ジアミン、または配合物の総重量に基づいて約1重量%〜約15重量%の量のジスルフィドであり;及び
イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤は、臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオール、2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコール、トリブロモネオペンチルアルコール、ジブロモネオペンチルグリコール及びテトラブロモベンゼンジメタノールからなる群より、配合物の総重量に基づいて、約1重量%〜約25重量%の量で選択される。
イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物は、約2重量%〜約15重量%の範囲の硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンであり、2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコールは、約4重量%〜約20重量%の範囲であるか;または
イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物は、約3重量%〜約12重量%の範囲のジスルフィドであり、かつ2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコールは、約5重量%〜約20重量%の範囲であり、
ここで、重量%は組成物の総重量に基づいている。
Claims (23)
- 少なくとも1つのイソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物及び少なくとも1つのイソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤を含む成分から構成されるか、または形成される難燃性組成物であって、ただし、前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物が、硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンであり、かつ前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオールであり、前記組成物はまた別の臭素化難燃剤、別の硫黄含有化合物、トリス(1−クロロ−2−プロピル)ホスフェート、及び/または表面改質モンモリロナイトナノクレイであるという条件である、前記難燃性組成物。
- 前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が、臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオール、2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコール、トリブロモネオペンチルアルコール、ジブロモネオペンチルグリコール及びテトラブロモベンゼンジメタノールからなる群より選択される、請求項1に記載の難燃性組成物。
- 前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物が硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンまたはジスルフィドである、請求項1に記載の難燃性組成物。
- 前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコールである、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の難燃性組成物。
- 請求項3に記載の難燃性組成物であって、ここで
前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物が、硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンである場合、前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコールまたはトリブロモネオペンチルアルコールであり;
前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物がジスルフィドである場合、前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が、2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコール、トリブロモネオペンチルアルコール、または臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオールである、前記難燃性組成物。 - 前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が、臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオールであり、前記組成物がさらにトリス(1−クロロ−2−プロピル)ホスフェート、及び必要に応じて表面改質モンモリロナイトナノクレイを含む、請求項3に記載の難燃性組成物。
- 前記表面改質モンモリロナイトナノクレイが、存在する場合、0.5〜5重量%のアミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン及び15〜35重量%のオクタデシルアミンで表面改質されたモンモリロナイトクレイ表面である、請求項6に記載の難燃性組成物。
- 前記臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオールが、テトラブロモフタル酸無水物と、ジエチレングリコール及びプロピレングリコールとの混合エステルである、請求項2または6〜7のいずれかに記載の難燃性組成物。
- 請求項5に記載の難燃性組成物であって、
前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物が硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンであり、かつ前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコールである場合、前記硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンは、約10重量%〜約45の範囲であり、かつ2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコールが、約50重量%〜約80重量%の範囲であり;
前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物がジスルフィドであり、かつ前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が、
2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコールであり、前記ジスルフィドが約10重量%〜約55重量%の範囲であり、かつ2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコールが約45重量%〜約90重量%の範囲であり;
トリブロモネオペンチルアルコール、前記ジスルフィドが約25重量%〜約75重量%の範囲であり、かつトリブロモネオペンチルアルコールが約25重量%〜約75重量%の範囲であるか;または
臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオール、前記ジスルフィドが約10重量%〜約60重量%の範囲であり、かつ前記臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオールが約35重量%〜約90重量%の範囲であり;
ここで、重量%は組成物の総重量に基づいている、前記難燃性組成物。 - 前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物がビス(2−ヒドロキシエチル)ジスルフィドである、請求項3〜5または9のいずれかに記載の難燃性組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのポリオール、少なくとも1つの発泡剤、少なくとも1つの触媒、少なくとも1つの界面活性剤、少なくとも1つのイソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物、及び少なくとも1つのイソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤を含む配合物であって、ただし、前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物が硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンであり、かつ前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオールである場合、前記組成物は別の臭素化難燃剤、別の硫黄含有化合物、トリス(1−クロロ−2−プロピル)リン酸塩、及び/または表面改質モンモリロナイトナノクレイを含む、という条件である、前記配合物。
- 前記ポリオールが、ポリエーテルポリオール及び/またはポリエステルポリオールである、請求項11に記載の配合物。
- 前記ポリオールが約3〜約7の官能性を有する、請求項11に記載の配合物。
- 前記発泡剤が、水、1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロパン、トランス−1−クロロ−3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペン、及び/または1,2−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)エテンである、請求項11に記載の配合物。
- 請求項11〜14のいずれかに記載の配合物であって、
前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物は、硫黄含有芳香族ジアミン、及び/もしくはジスルフィドであるか;ならびに/または
前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤は、臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオール、2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコール、トリブロモネオペンチルアルコール、ジブロモネオペンチルグリコール及びテトラブロモベンゼンジメタノールからなる群より選択される、前記配合物。 - 前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコールである、請求項11または15に記載の配合物。
- 前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物が、硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンであり、前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が、臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオールであり、前記配合物がさらに、トリス(1−クロロ−2−プロピル)リン酸塩;及び必要に応じて、0.5〜5重量%のアミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン及び15〜35重量%のオクタデシルアミンで表面改質されたモンモリロナイトクレイを含む、請求項15に記載の配合物。
- 請求項11〜15のいずれかに記載の配合物であって、
前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物が、硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンであり、かつ前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が、2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコールであり;
前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物がジスルフィドであり、かつ前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が、2,3−ジブロモアリルアルコール、トリブロモネオペンチルアルコール、及び/または臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオールである、前記配合物。 - 前記硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンが、3,5−ジメチルチオ−トルエン−2,4−ジアミンと3,5−ジメチルチオ−トルエン−2,6−ジアミンとの混合物であるか、及び/またはジスルフィドがビス(2−ヒドロキシエチル)ジスルフィドである、請求項15〜18のいずれかに記載の配合物。
- ポリイソシアネート及び請求項11〜19のいずれかに記載の配合物を含む構成要素から形成される硬質ポリウレタンフォーム。
- 硬質ポリウレタンフォームの形成のプロセスであって、
A)ポリイソシアネート、及びB)少なくとも1つのポリオール、少なくとも1つの発泡剤、少なくとも1つの触媒、少なくとも1つの界面活性剤、少なくとも1つのイソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物、及び少なくとも1つのイソシアネート−反応性臭素化難燃剤から形成される配合物を接触させて、混合物を形成することを包含し、
ただし、前記イソシアネート反応性硫黄含有化合物が、硫黄含有芳香族ジアミンであり、かつ前記イソシアネート反応性臭素化難燃剤が、臭素化芳香族ジエステルジオールである場合、前記組成物はまた別の臭素化難燃剤、別の硫黄含有化合物、トリス(1−クロロ−2−プロピル)ホスフェート、及び/または表面改質モンモリロナイトナノクレイを含み;そして
前記混合物を硬化させて硬質ポリウレタンフォームを形成するという条件である、プロセス。 - A)及びB)が、前記混合物のイソシアネート指数が約85〜約1000であるような量であり、硬質ポリウレタンフォームが形成される、請求項21に記載のプロセス。
- 請求項21のように形成された硬質ポリウレタンフォーム。
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US62/608,206 | 2017-12-20 | ||
PCT/US2018/039562 WO2019005837A1 (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2018-06-26 | FLAME RETARDED POLYURETHANE FOAM |
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