JP2020527100A - ウォッシュコート懸濁液の非接触レベリング - Google Patents
ウォッシュコート懸濁液の非接触レベリング Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020527100A JP2020527100A JP2019571664A JP2019571664A JP2020527100A JP 2020527100 A JP2020527100 A JP 2020527100A JP 2019571664 A JP2019571664 A JP 2019571664A JP 2019571664 A JP2019571664 A JP 2019571664A JP 2020527100 A JP2020527100 A JP 2020527100A
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/22—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
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Abstract
Description
円形の基材形状を有する触媒基材については、ガス/空気ノズル又は音発生器の以下の実施形態が好ましく使用される。
−l=dであり連続スロット又は個々の孔を有し、基材の上をx方向に移動することができる移動可能なフラットノズル(図2A)
−基材に対応する直径を有し、複数の個々の空気開口部を有する、固定して取り付けられた空気ブラシ(図3)
−長さl=d又はl=d/2であり連続スロット又は複数の個々の孔を有する回転可能なフラットノズル及び(図1A〜D)
楕円形の基材形状を有する触媒基材については、ガス/空気ノズル又は音発生器の以下の実施形態が好ましく使用される。
−l=dであり連続スロット又は個々の孔を有し、基材の上をx方向に移動することができる移動可能なフラットノズル(図2A)
−複数の個々のガス/空気開口部を有する基材に対応する幾何学的形状を有する、固定して取り付けられたガス/空気ブラシ(図3)
−長さl=dmaxであり連続スロット又は複数の個々の孔を有する回転可能な平坦ノズル(dmaxは、楕円形基材の長径に対応する)
−基材モノリスを直立位置にロックするためのユニットと、
−ある量のウォッシュコート懸濁液を直立基材モノリスに塗布するためのユニットと、
−空気又はガスによって伝達される圧力の形でウォッシュコート懸濁液の表面に剪断力を生成するためのユニットとを含むことが必要である。
150/sの剪断速度と370mPa*sの粘度を有し、固形分が42%の構造的に粘性なウォッシュコート50gをトレーに配置する。ウォッシュコートの降伏値により、注ぎ中に不規則な表面が形成される。表面を平滑化するために、周波数20kHz及び4kWの電力を有する超音波発生器が使用される。音の発生及び周囲空気への伝達は、3.8cm2の端面を有する環状ソノトロードを介して行われる。超音波発生器のスイッチを入れた後、ソノトロードとウォッシュコートの表面との間の距離は、1〜2cmの距離になるまで連続的に低減され、超音波振動によって生成される空気の音圧により、表面が平滑化される。平滑化に必要な音圧は、超音波電力自体を制御することによって調整することもできる。
実施例1のウォッシュコートはトレー内に配置される。使用されるウォッシュコートの顕著な降伏値(約100Pa)のため、トレーへの充填中に不規則な表面が形成される。スロット幅1mm、スロット長6cmのフラットノズルが、ウォッシュコートの表面の上方に取り付けられる。ナイフノズルは、圧縮空気供給部に接続され、6バールの空気圧で作動する。ノズルをセラミック懸濁液の表面に、表面から10cmの距離に下げることによって、ウォッシュコートの降伏値を上回り、液体表面は、生成された空気流の圧力によってレベリングされる。表面全体は、ノズルの直線運動によって平滑化することができる。スロット幅、ウォッシュコートの表面からのノズル距離、及び空気圧のパラメータを好適に選択することにより、当業者であれば、生成された層流の性能を選択することができ、その結果、液体表面にかけられる圧力は、各場合に使用されるウォッシュコートの降伏値に標的化された方法で調整することができる。
−基材モノリスを直立位置にロックするためのユニットと、
−ある量のウォッシュコート懸濁液を直立基材モノリスに塗布するためのユニットと、
−空気又はガスによって伝達される圧力の形でウォッシュコート懸濁液の表面に剪断力を生成するためのユニットとを含むことが必要である。
Claims (12)
- フロースルー型又はウォールフロー型の基材モノリスをウォッシュコート懸濁液を用いてコーティングするための方法であって、
前記ウォッシュコート懸濁液は、第1の工程で直立基材モノリスの一端に上方から塗布され、
ガスによって伝達される圧力の形の剪断力は、後続の工程において前記ウォッシュコート懸濁液の表面に作用することにより、前記表面を非接触でレベリングすることが可能であり、
前記ウォッシュコート懸濁液は、その後、前記基材モノリスに吸い込まれかつ/又は押し込まれる、
ことを含む方法。 - 剪断力が、連続ガス流、脈動ガス流、又はこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されることによって生成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ガスが前記ウォッシュコート懸濁液に作用する圧力は、作用の持続時間中に連続的に又は段階的に低減される、請求項1及び/又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- ガス又は音の結果として作用する圧力は、前記ウォッシュコート懸濁液の降伏値よりも大きい、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧力は、音波(又は圧力波)発生器からの脈動ガス/空気流によって生成される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧力は、周波数約18,000Hz〜約90,000Hzの超音波によって生成される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記圧力は、超音波によって約0.1秒〜約60秒の間生成される、請求項5及び/又は請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧力は、空気ノズルからのガス/空気流によって生成される請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ウォッシュコート懸濁液は、0.01〜100Pa*sの粘度を有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記基材モノリス上の前記ウォッシュコート懸濁液は、0.5〜15cmの厚さを有する、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- フロースルー型又はウォールフロー型の基材モノリスをウォッシュコート懸濁液を用いてコーティングするための装置であって、
前記基材モノリスを直立位置にロックするためのユニットと、
ある量のウォッシュコート懸濁液を上方から前記直立基材モノリスに塗布するためのユニットと、
空気又はガスによって伝達される圧力の形で前記ウォッシュコート懸濁液の表面に剪断力を生成するためのユニットと
を含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の装置。 - ウォッシュコート懸濁液が前記圧力の作用中に前記基材モノリスの外側を流れ落ちることができないように、前記基材モノリスの周囲にカラーを形成するユニットを有する、請求項11に記載の装置。
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