JP2020519738A - リラクサ強誘電体フルオロポリマーの製造方法 - Google Patents
リラクサ強誘電体フルオロポリマーの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020519738A JP2020519738A JP2019562585A JP2019562585A JP2020519738A JP 2020519738 A JP2020519738 A JP 2020519738A JP 2019562585 A JP2019562585 A JP 2019562585A JP 2019562585 A JP2019562585 A JP 2019562585A JP 2020519738 A JP2020519738 A JP 2020519738A
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Images
Classifications
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/18—Monomers containing fluorine
- C08F214/22—Vinylidene fluoride
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/005—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08L27/16—Homopolymers or copolymers or vinylidene fluoride
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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Abstract
Description
〇 M1は弗化ビニリデン;
〇 M2は式(I):CX1X2=CX3X4(ここで、X1、X2、X3及びX4の各々は独立してH,Cl及びFから選ばれ、そしてX1、X2、X3及びX4の少なくとも1つはFである)で表わされるモノマー;
〇 M3は、式(II):CY1Y2=CY3CF3(ここで、Y1、Y2及びY3の各々は独立してH,Cl、F、Br、I及び1〜3個の炭素原子を含むアルキル基から選ばれ、該アルキル基は場合によっては部分的に又は完全にハロゲン化されていてもよい)で表わされるモノマーである;
−該基材を延伸する。
HFP及び1234zeが更に好ましい。
HFPが最も好ましい。
−M1とM2の初期混合物(M3なし)を、水を収容した撹拌オートクレーブに装填する;
−該オートクレーブを重合温度に近い所定の温度に加熱する;
−好ましくは少なくとも80バールである圧力を該オートクレーブに達成させそしてM1及びM2の水中懸濁液を形成するために、水を混ぜたラジカル重合開始剤を該オートクレーブに注入する;
−M1、M2及びM3の第2の混合物を該オートクレーブに注入する;
−重合反応が始まるとすぐに、圧力を本質的に一定のレベル、好ましくは少なくとも80バールのレベル、に維持するために、該第2の混合物を該オートクレーブ反応器に連続的に注入する。
−保磁場が60MV/m未満、更に好ましくは40MV/m未満(周波数10Hz,強度150MV/mを有する印加電界にて);
−電界周波数に依存して変わるキュリー転移温度;
−電界周波数1kHzにてキュリー転移温度が80℃未満、好ましくは70℃未満、又は60℃未満、そして更に好ましくは10〜60℃;
−25℃で、且つ電界周波数1kHzにて、誘電率が少なくとも10、好ましくは少なくとも13;
−キュリー転移温度にて、且つ電界周波数1kHzにて、誘電率が少なくとも20、好ましくは少なくとも25、そして更に好ましくは少なくとも30。
統計的P(VDF−TrFE−HFP)ランダムターポリマーを懸濁重合により合成した。
VDF(520g,8.13モル),TrFE(358g,4.37モル)及びHFP(163g,1.09モル)を、脱イオン水(1784g)及びヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース安定剤を含む3L反応器に室温で移した。該反応器を48℃まで加熱し、次にラジカル開始剤を加えた。該反応器内部の圧力を、脱イオン水の注入により80バールと100バールの間に維持した。更に670gの水を導入後、反応器を17℃に早急に冷却して重合を停止させた。脱ガス後、粗製生成物を濾過し、そして得られた細かい白色粉末を脱イオン水で洗った。最終生成物を換気したオーブン中、60℃で24時間乾燥した(収率=68%)。58/38/4の最終VDF/TrFE/HFPモル組成物が19F核磁気共鳴(NMR)分光分析により決定された。ジメチルホルムアミド中のSEC結果に基づき、ターポリマーのMnは153.2kg.mol−1であり、多分散指数は3.0であった。
フィルムを、種々のフルオロポリマーを熱間圧縮することにより得た。2枚のカプロンフィルムに挟まれた粉末サンプルを、開いた熱盤の間で190℃にて10分間加熱した。該フィルム中に気泡が捕らえられるのを避けるために、脱ガス工程を圧縮と解放の繰り返しにより3サイクル行った。次に、4000psiの圧力を急速に加えた。5分間保持した後、該サンプルを液体窒素中に入れて急冷して、大きい結晶の形成を防止した。得られたフィルムを、一軸伸張機を用いて室温で(約20℃)で12〜600mm/分で400%延伸率まで延伸した。該フィルムを、65℃で末端を固定した後加工熱アニールステップに付した。
Claims (17)
- 下記を含む、フルオロポリマー物体の製造方法:
−モノマーM1,M2及びM3から誘導される単位を含むフルオロポリマーから作られた基材を提供する、ここで:
〇 M1は弗化ビニリデン;
〇 M2は式(I):CX1X2=CX3X4(ここで、X1、X2、X3及びX4の各々は独立してH,Cl及びFから選ばれ、そしてX1、X2、X3及びX4の少なくとも1つはFである)で表わされるモノマー;
〇 M3は、式(II):CY1Y2=CY3CF3(ここで、Y1、Y2及びY3の各々は独立してH,Cl、F、Br、I及び1〜3個の炭素原子を含むアルキル基から選ばれ、該アルキル基は場合によっては部分的に又は完全にハロゲン化されていてもよい)で表わされるモノマーである;
−該基材を延伸する。 - 上記フルオロポリマー物体がフルオロポリマーフィルム又はフルオロポリマー繊維である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 上記基材を、該基材のフルオロポリマーのガラス転移温度よりも高い温度、好ましくは該基材のフルオロポリマーのキュリー転移温度よりも高い温度で延伸する、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 上記基材を20〜120℃、好ましくは30〜110℃、更に好ましくは40〜100℃の温度で延伸する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記基材を少なくとも150%、好ましくは少なくとも200%、又は少なくとも300%、又は少なくとも400%延伸する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記基材を一方向に延伸する;又は少なくとも2方向に延伸する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- M2がトリフルオロエチレン、テトラフルオロエチレン、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及び1,1−クロロフルオロエチレンから選ばれ、そして好ましくはトリフルオロエチレンである、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- Y1、Y2及びY3の各々が独立してH,Cl、F、Br及びIから選ばれ、そして更に好ましくはそれぞれ独立してH,Cl及びFから選ばれる、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- M3がヘキサフルオロプロペン、3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペン、1,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン、2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン、1−クロロ−3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペン及び2−クロロ−3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペンから選ばれる、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記フルオロポリマー中のM1モノマーから誘導される単位の割合が、M1モノマーとM2モノマーとから誘導される単位の合計の15〜55モル%、好ましくは25〜45モル%である、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記フルオロポリマーが、15モル%未満、好ましくは10モル%未満のM3モノマーから誘導される単位を含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記基材の提供が、上記フルオロポリマーを基材に造形すること、好ましくは該フルオロポリマーを該基材に押出すか熱間圧縮することにより造形することを含む、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記基材の提供が、モノマーM1、M2及びM3を重合してフルオロポリマーを製造する予備ステップをも含む、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜13記載のいずれか一つの方法から得られたフルオロポリマー物体。
- 請求項14記載のフルオロポリマー物体を含む電子装置。
- 請求項14記載のフルオロポリマー物体が上記装置内で層として存在する、請求項15に記載の電子装置。
- 上記電子装置が、電界効果トランジスター、変換器、触覚装置及び電気機械マイクロシステムから選ばれる請求項15又は16に記載の電子装置。
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