JP2019526665A - 押出による強化ポリアミドの製造方法 - Google Patents
押出による強化ポリアミドの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、押出機内での強化ポリアミド(rP)の製造方法に関する。この方法では、第1の混合物(M1)、第2の混合物(M2)および第3の混合物(M3)を押出機に添加し、その後に少なくとも1種の炭素材料を添加して、押出機内で炭素含有重合性混合物(cpM)を得る。この炭素含有重合性混合物(cpM)を重合させ、その後に揮発分を除去して、強化ポリアミド(rP)を得る。さらに本発明は、本方法により得ることができる強化ポリアミド(rP)に関する。
a)以下の成分を含む第1の混合物(M1)を提供する工程と、
(A)少なくとも1種のラクタム
b)以下の成分を含む第2の混合物(M2)を提供する工程と、
(B)少なくとも1種の触媒
c)以下の成分を含む第3の混合物(M3)を提供する工程と、
(C)少なくとも1種の活性化剤
d)前記第1の混合物(M1)、前記第2の混合物(M2)および前記第3の混合物(M3)を、前記押出機の前記反応ゾーンの前記第1のセクションに添加して、前記押出機内で重合性混合物(pM)を得る工程と、
e)前記押出機の前記反応ゾーンの前記第2のセクションにおいて、前記工程d)で得られた重合性混合物(pM)に少なくとも1種の炭素材料を添加して、前記押出機内で炭素含有重合性混合物(cpM)を得る工程と、
f)前記工程e)で得られた炭素含有重合性混合物(cpM)を、前記押出機の前記反応ゾーンの前記第3のセクションにおいて重合させて、強化された未加工ポリアミド(rrP)を得る工程と、
g)前記押出機の前記揮発分除去ゾーンにおいて、前記工程f)で得られた強化された未加工ポリアミド(rrP)から揮発分を除去して、強化ポリアミド(rP)を得る工程とを含む方法により達成される。
本発明によれば、強化ポリアミド(rP)の製造方法は、押出機内で行われる。
− 押出機のスクリューの直径の4〜12倍の範囲にある長さを有する第1のセクション、
− 押出機のスクリューの直径の4〜12倍の範囲にある長さを有する第2のセクション、および
− 押出機のスクリューの直径の12〜44倍の範囲にある長さを有する第3のセクション
を含むことが好ましい。
− 押出機のスクリューの直径の4〜8倍の範囲にある長さを有する第1のセクション、
− 押出機のスクリューの直径の4〜8倍の範囲にある長さを有する第2のセクション、および
− 押出機のスクリューの直径の16〜36倍の範囲にある長さを有する第3のセクション
を含む。
− 押出機のスクリューの直径の4〜8倍の範囲にある長さを有する第1のセクション、
− 押出機のスクリューの直径の4〜8倍の範囲にある長さを有する第2のセクション、および
− 押出機のスクリューの直径の20〜28倍の範囲にある長さを有する第3のセクション
を含む。
− 1〜3個の範囲にあるバレル要素の長さを有する第1のセクション、
− 1〜3個の範囲にあるバレル要素の長さを有する第2のセクション、および
− 3〜11個の範囲にあるバレル要素の長さを有する第3のセクション
を含む。
− 1〜2個の範囲にあるバレル要素の長さを有する第1のセクション、
− 1〜2個の範囲にあるバレル要素の長さを有する第2のセクション、および
− 4〜9個の範囲にあるバレル要素の長さを有する第3のセクション
を含む。
− 1〜2個の範囲にあるバレル要素の長さを有する第1のセクション、
− 1〜2個の範囲にあるバレル要素の長さを有する第2のセクション、および
− 5〜7個の範囲にあるバレル要素の長さを有する第3のセクション
を含む。
工程a)において、成分(A)である少なくとも1種のラクタムを含む第1の混合物(M1)を提供する。
本発明における成分(A)は、少なくとも1種のラクタムである。
工程b)において、少なくとも1種の触媒である成分(B)を含む第2の混合物(M2)を提供する。
本発明における成分(B)は、少なくとも1種の触媒である。
工程c)において、少なくとも1種の活性化剤である成分(C)を含む第3の混合物(M3)を提供する。
本発明による成分(C)は、少なくとも1種の活性化剤である。
工程d)において、第1の混合物(M1)、第2の混合物(M2)および第3の混合物(M3)を、押出機の反応ゾーンの第1のセクションに添加して、押出機内で重合性混合物(pM)を得る。
工程e)において、押出機の反応ゾーンの第2のセクションにおいて、工程d)で得られた重合性混合物(pM)に少なくとも1種の炭素材料を添加して、押出機内で炭素含有重合性混合物(cpM)を得る。
本発明において、「少なくとも1種の炭素材料」とは、正確に1種の炭素材料あるいは2種以上の炭素材料の混合物のいずれかを意味する。
工程f)において、工程e)で得られた炭素含有重合性混合物(cpM)を、押出機の反応ゾーンの第3のセクションにおいて重合させて、強化された未加工ポリアミド(rrP)を得る。
工程g)において、押出機の揮発分除去ゾーンにおいて、工程f)で得られた強化された未加工ポリアミド(rrP)から揮発分を除去して、強化ポリアミド(rP)を得る。
実施例1
反応ゾーンと揮発分除去ゾーンとからなり、反応ゾーンが8つのバレル要素からなり、揮発分除去ゾーンが7つのバレル要素からなる、同方向回転噛合二軸押出機(ZSK 26 MC Coperion)を使用する。各バレル要素は、スクリュー直径の4倍の長さを有する。スクリュー直径は、26mmである。
反応ゾーンと揮発分除去ゾーンとからなり、反応ゾーンが8つのバレル要素からなり、揮発分除去ゾーンが7つのバレル要素からなる、同方向回転噛合二軸押出機(ZSK 26 MC Coperion)を使用する。各バレル要素は、スクリュー直径の4倍の長さを有する。スクリュー直径は、26mmである。
比較例C3について、ポリアミド6を、ポリアミド6(Ultramid B27、BASF SE)と炭素材料(CNS PC PEG封入フレーク、Applied NanoStructured Solutions,LLC|A Lockheed Martin Company)との重量%の合計に基づいて3重量%の炭素材料と、押出機(ZSK 26 MC Coperion)内にて溶融状態でコンパウンディングして、溶融ブレンドポリアミドを得た。
比較例C4として、ニートポリアミド6(Ultramid B27、BASF SE)を使用した。
反応ゾーンと揮発分除去ゾーンとからなり、反応ゾーンが8つのバレル要素からなり、揮発分除去ゾーンが7つのバレル要素からなる、同方向回転噛合二軸押出機(ZSK 26 MC Coperion)を使用する。各バレル要素は、スクリュー直径の4倍の長さを有する。スクリュー直径は、26mmである。
Claims (15)
- 押出機内での強化ポリアミド(rP)の製造方法であって、前記押出機は、反応ゾーンおよび揮発分除去ゾーンを含み、前記反応ゾーンは、第1のセクション、第2のセクションおよび第3のセクションを含む方法において、
a)以下の成分を含む第1の混合物(M1)を提供する工程と、
(A)少なくとも1種のラクタム
b)以下の成分を含む第2の混合物(M2)を提供する工程と、
(B)少なくとも1種の触媒
c)以下の成分を含む第3の混合物(M3)を提供する工程と、
(C)少なくとも1種の活性化剤
d)前記第1の混合物(M1)、前記第2の混合物(M2)および前記第3の混合物(M3)を、前記押出機の前記反応ゾーンの前記第1のセクションに添加して、前記押出機内で重合性混合物(pM)を得る工程と、
e)前記押出機の前記反応ゾーンの前記第2のセクションにおいて、前記工程d)で得られた重合性混合物(pM)に少なくとも1種の炭素材料を添加して、前記押出機内で炭素含有重合性混合物(cpM)を得る工程と、
f)前記工程e)で得られた炭素含有重合性混合物(cpM)を、前記押出機の前記反応ゾーンの前記第3のセクションにおいて重合させて、強化された未加工ポリアミド(rrP)を得る工程と、
g)前記押出機の前記揮発分除去ゾーンにおいて、前記工程f)で得られた強化された未加工ポリアミド(rrP)から揮発分を除去して、強化ポリアミド(rP)を得る工程とを含む、方法。 - 前記押出機が、スクリューを含み、前記反応ゾーンの長さが、前記押出機のスクリューの直径の16〜60倍の範囲にある、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記押出機が、18〜140mmの範囲の直径を有するスクリューを含む、請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 前記押出機が、スクリューを含み、前記揮発分除去ゾーンの長さが、前記押出機のスクリューの直径の12〜60倍の範囲にある、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記押出機が、単軸押出機、二軸押出機および多軸押出機からなる群から選択される、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 工程d)の間における前記押出機の前記反応ゾーンの前記第1のセクションの温度(Td)が、20〜350℃の範囲にある、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記押出機が、スクリューを含み、前記押出機の前記反応ゾーンの前記第1のセクションが、前記押出機のスクリューの直径の4〜12倍の範囲にある長さを有する、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 工程f)の間における前記押出機の前記反応ゾーンの前記第3のセクションの温度(Tf)が、100〜350℃の範囲にある、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記押出機が、スクリューを含み、前記押出機の前記反応ゾーンの前記第3のセクションが、前記押出機のスクリューの直径の12〜44倍の範囲にある長さを有する、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記第1の混合物(M1)が、ラクトン、ラクチドおよびアルキレンオキシドからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種のモノマーである成分(A1)をさらに含む、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記成分(A)が、ピロリドン、ピペリドン、ε−カプロラクタム、エナントラクタム、カプリロラクタム、カプリン酸ラクタムおよびラウロラクタムからなる群から選択される、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記成分(B)が、アルカリ金属ラクタメート、アルカリ土類金属ラクタメート、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、アルカリ金属水素化物、アルカリ土類金属水素化物、アルカリ金属水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属水酸化物、アルカリ金属アルコラート、アルカリ土類金属アルコラート、アルカリ金属アミド、アルカリ土類金属アミド、アルカリ金属酸化物、アルカリ土類金属酸化物および有機金属化合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1から11までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記成分(C)が、N−置換ラクタム、ジイソシアネート、ポリイソシアネート、アロファネートおよびジアシルハロゲン化物からなる群から選択される、請求項1から12までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種の炭素材料が、グラファイト、カーボンブラック、グラフェン、カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン、カーボンナノバッド、カーボンピーポッドおよびカーボンナノトリからなる群から選択される、請求項1から13までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 請求項1から14までのいずれか1項記載の方法により得ることができる、強化ポリアミド(rP)。
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