JP2019516007A - 代替バインダーを含む超硬合金 - Google Patents
代替バインダーを含む超硬合金 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019516007A JP2019516007A JP2018545170A JP2018545170A JP2019516007A JP 2019516007 A JP2019516007 A JP 2019516007A JP 2018545170 A JP2018545170 A JP 2018545170A JP 2018545170 A JP2018545170 A JP 2018545170A JP 2019516007 A JP2019516007 A JP 2019516007A
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- cemented carbide
- cutting tool
- carbide substrate
- entropy alloy
- high entropy
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008821 health effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011172 small scale experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/148—Composition of the cutting inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
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- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/5607—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
- C22C1/053—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor with in situ formation of hard compounds
- C22C1/055—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor with in situ formation of hard compounds using carbon
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- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/005—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides comprising a particular metallic binder
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- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
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- B22F2207/00—Aspects of the compositions, gradients
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- B22F2207/05—Composition gradients of the metallic binder phase in cermets eta-phase
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- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
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- B23B—TURNING; BORING
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- B23B2224/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
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- B23B—TURNING; BORING
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- B23B2224/32—Titanium carbide nitride (TiCN)
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Abstract
Description
−WC、少なくとも一つの立方晶炭化物、並びにTa、Ti、Nb、Cr、Hf、V及びZrの少なくとも一つの窒化物又は炭窒化物を含む硬質の構成成分を形成する粉末を提供する工程、
−高エントロピー合金のバインダー相を形成する粉末を提供する工程、
−ミリング液を提供する工程、
−前記粉末を超硬合金へと粉砕、乾燥、加圧成形及び焼結する工程
を含む。
高エントロピー合金を形成する原材料を構成する原材料粉末(0.76wt%のTiC、0.50wt%のNbC、2.9wt%のTaC、1.52wt%のTi(C,N)、0.02wt%のカーボンブラック及び残りのWC,平均粒径(FSSS)4μm)から、超硬合金を調製した。高エントロピー合金を形成する元素、即ちCo、Cr、Fe及びNiは、0.99wt%のCo、2.02wt%のCr3C2、4.85wt%のFe0.4Ni0.4Co0.2として加えられる。各原材料の量は、乾燥粉末の総重量に基づいている。高エントロピー合金の一部となる各元素の量は、異なる元素間の原子比率が1:1:1:1であるCoCrFeNiのバインダー相を目的として計算される。
高エントロピー合金バインダー相を形成する原材料(0.77wt%のTiC、0.51wt%のNbC、2.95wt%のTaC、1.55wt%のTi(C,N)及び0.08wt%のカーボンブラックと、残りのWC、平均粒径4μm)から、実施例1の記載と同じようにして超硬合金を調製した。高エントロピー合金を形成する元素、即ちCo、Cr、Cu、Fe及びNiは、0.77wt%のCo、1.6wt%のCr3C2、3.85wt%のFe0.4Ni0.4Co0.2、1.68wt%のCuとして加えられる。高エントロピー合金の一部となる各元素の量は、異なる元素間の原子比率が1:1:1:1:1であるCoCrCuFeNiのバインダー相を目的として計算される。
実施例1(試料3)により作製された、ジオメトリCNMG 120408−PMジオメトリを有するインサートを、乾燥条件下での旋削作業において試験した。参照として、本明細書において比較例1と呼ぶ、本発明1と同じジオメトリを有する業務用のGC4325を使用した。両方のインサートに同じコーティングを施した。
Vc 98−150m/分
f 0.7mm/rev
ap 2mm
測定された品質:縁部の沈降(μm)
Claims (14)
- WCとガンマ相とバインダー相とを含む超硬合金基材を含む切削工具であって、前記基材には、ガンマ相が枯渇したバインダー相富化表面ゾーンが設けられており、前記基材の微細構造中にはグラファイト及びイータ相が存在せず、前記バインダー相が高エントロピー合金である、超硬合金基材を含む切削工具。
- 前記高エントロピー合金が4以上の元素を含み、各元素の量が高エントロピー合金の総量の5から35at%である、請求項1に記載の超硬合金基材を含む切削工具。
- 前記高エントロピー合金中の前記元素の少なくとも一つが、Cr、Fe、Ni及びCoから選択される、請求項1又は2に記載の超硬合金基材を含む切削工具。
- 前記高エントロピー合金中の前記元素の少なくとも二つが、Cr、Fe、Ni及びCoから選択される、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の超硬合金基材を含む切削工具。
- 前記高エントロピー合金中の前記元素が、Co、Cr、Cu、W、Fe、Ni、Mo及びMnから選択される、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の超硬合金基材を含む切削工具。
- 前記高エントロピー合金がCo、Cr、Fe及びNiを含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の超硬合金基材を含む切削工具。
- 前記高エントロピー合金がCo、Cu、Cr、Fe及びNiを含む、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の超硬合金基材を含む切削工具。
- 前記表面ゾーンの厚さが2から100μmである、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の超硬合金基材を含む切削工具。
- 前記ガンマ相が、(W,M)C及び/又は(W,M)(C,N)を含み、ここでMはTi、Ta、Nb、Hf、Zr及びVの一又は複数である、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の超硬合金基材を含む切削工具。
- ガンマ相の量が3から25vol%である、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の超硬合金基材を含む切削工具。
- 前記基材にはコーティングが施される、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の超硬合金基材を含む切削工具。
- 超硬合金基材を含む切削工具の作製方法であって、
−WCと、少なくとも一つの立方晶炭化物と、Ta、Ti、Nb、Cr、Hf、V及びZrの少なくとも一つの窒化物又は炭窒化物を含む硬質の構成成分を形成する粉末を提供する工程、
−高エントロピー合金のバインダー相を形成する粉末を提供する工程、
−ミリング液を提供する工程、
−前記粉末を超硬合金基材へと粉砕、乾燥、加圧成形及び焼結する工程
を含む切削工具作製方法。 - 前記超硬合金中の炭素含有量を調節するためにカーボンブラック、W又はW2Cのいずれかを加える、請求項12に記載の切削工具作製方法。
- 前記超硬合金基材上に耐摩耗コーティングを堆積させる、請求項12又は13に記載の切削工具作製方法。
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