JP2019515970A - 変性ポリエチレン樹脂及びそれを作製する方法 - Google Patents
変性ポリエチレン樹脂及びそれを作製する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019515970A JP2019515970A JP2018547334A JP2018547334A JP2019515970A JP 2019515970 A JP2019515970 A JP 2019515970A JP 2018547334 A JP2018547334 A JP 2018547334A JP 2018547334 A JP2018547334 A JP 2018547334A JP 2019515970 A JP2019515970 A JP 2019515970A
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- polyethylene resin
- free radical
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- radical generator
- film
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/26—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/14—Peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
- C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
-
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Abstract
Description
本明細書の実施形態において、0.900g/cm3〜0.970g/cm3の範囲の密度、0.01g/10分〜30g/10分の範囲のメルトインデックス、及び1,000個の全炭素当たり少なくとも0.20個のビニル基を有する第1のポリエチレン樹脂。
上述のように、マスターバッチは、フリーラジカル発生剤及び第2のポリエチレン樹脂を含む。本明細書における実施形態において、フリーラジカル発生剤は220℃で200秒未満の半減期及び−250kJ/モルより高い(すなわち、より負である)分解エネルギーを有する。いくつかの実施形態において、フリーラジカル発生剤は、220℃で175秒、150秒、または125秒未満の半減期を有する。他の実施形態において、フリーラジカル発生剤は、220℃で60〜200秒、60〜175秒、60〜150秒、60〜125秒、または60〜120秒の半減期を有する。
式中、R1〜R6は、独立して、水素、または不活性置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルキル、C3−C20シクロアルキル、C6−C20アリール、C7−C20アラルキル、またはC7−C20アルカリールである。R1〜R6に含まれる不活性置換の代表は、ヒドロキシル、C1−C20アルコキシ、直鎖状または分岐のC1−C20アルキル、C6−C20アリールオキシ、ハロゲン、エステル、カルボキシル、ニトリル、及びアミドである。いくつかの実施形態において、R1〜R6は、各々独立して、例えばC1−C10アルキル、またはC1−C4アルキルを含む、低級アルキルである。
第2のポリエチレン樹脂は、0.900g/cm3〜0.970g/cm3の範囲の密度、及び0.01g/10分〜100g/10分の範囲のメルトインデックスを有する。0.900g/cm3〜0.970g/cm3の範囲の密度、及び0.01g/10分〜100g/10分の範囲のメルトインデックスの全ての個別の値及びその部分範囲が、本明細書に含まれ、開示される。
密度
密度は、ASTM D792,Method Bによって測定する。
メルトインデックスまたはI2は、190℃、2.16kgで、ASTM D1238によって測定する。
溶融強度は、190℃で、30mmの長さ及び2mmの径のフラットな入射角(180度)を備えるGoettfert Rheotester 2000毛細管レオメーターによって溶融を供給して、Goettfert Rheotens 71.97(Goettfert Inc.;Rock Hill,S.C.)を用いて測定する。与えられたダイの径における38.2s−1の壁せん断速度に対応する0.265mm/sの一定のピストン速度で押出す前に、ペレットをバレル(L=300mm、径=12mm)に供給し、圧縮して10分間溶融させた。押出物は、ダイの下100mmに位置するRheotensの車輪を通過し、2.4mm/s2の加速速度で車輪によって下方に引っ張られる。車輪にかけられる力(in cN)を、車輪の速度(mm/s)の関数として記録する。溶融強度は、ストランドの切断前のプラトーの力(cN)として報告される。
樹脂を、空気中で25,000lbs未満で5分間、350°F(一貫性のために℃)で「3mm厚×25mm」円形プラークに圧縮成形する。サンプルをプレスより回収し、カウンター上に放置して冷却する。
サンプル調製
Norell 1001−7 10mmのNMRチューブ中の0.001M Cr(AcAc)3を含む3.25gの50/50重量比のテトラクロレエタン−d2 /パークロロエチレンに約130mgのサンプルを添加することでサンプルを調製した。チューブに挿入したピペットを介して溶媒を通じて窒素を約5分間バブリングすることによってサンプルをパージし、ふたを閉め、テフロン(登録商標)テープで密閉し、次いで、サンプルの溶解を促進するための室温で一晩浸漬した。均質性を確かにするためにサンプルを加熱し、115℃でボルテックスした。
1H NMRを、Bruker Dual DUL high−temperature CryoProbeを備えるBruker AVANCE 400MHz spectrometerにおいて、120℃のサンプル温度で実施した。スペクトルを得るために、全ポリマー陽子を定量するためのコントロールスペクトルであるスペクトルを取得する実験、及び強いポリマー骨格のピークを抑制し、末端基の定量のための高感度スペクトルを可能にする二重プリサチュレーション実験の、2つの実験を実施した。コントロールは、ZGパルス、4回スキャン、AQ 1.64秒、D1(緩和の遅延)14秒で実施した。二重プリサチュレーション実験は、修正したパルスシーケンス、100回スキャン、DS 4、AQ 1.64秒、D1(プリサチュレーション時間)1秒、D13(緩和の遅延)13秒で実施した。4.95〜5.15ppmの間の領域は、ビニル含量を測定するために積分した。
酸化防止剤IRGANOX(商標)1010、IRGANOX(商標)1076、IRGAFOS(商標)168、及びトリス(ノニルフェニル)ホスファイト(「TNPP」)は、逆相液体クロマトグラフィー(Zorbax Eclipse XDB−C8、5−μm粒子、Zorbax Eclipse XDB−C8、3.5μm粒子、4.6×50mmカラムに接続した4.6×12.5mmガードカラム、及び波長210nmにおけるUV吸光度検出を備えたAgilent 1260)によって測定された。各々のポリマー樹脂サンプル(1g)を25mlの温o−キシレン中に溶解し、50mlメタノール(IRGANOX(商標)1010、IRGANOX(商標)1076、IRGAFOS(商標)168)、または50mlイソプロパノール(TNPP)のいずれかでのポリマーの再沈殿が後に続いた。上清のアリコートを2mlのガラスオートサンプラーバイアルへとろ過し(0.2μmPTFEシリンジフィルター)、バイアルに、テフロン(登録商標)で裏打ちされたクリンプキャップでふたをした。二重での分析のためにバイアルをLCオートサンプラー中に置き、平均濃度を報告した。定量は、ピーク面積に基づいた外部標準化手順を用いて実施した。
C20H42(エイコサン)中10%(w/w)溶液としての種々のフリーラジカル発生剤(FRG)の熱分解を、等温条件下及び温度走査モードの両方において、SensysEvo DSC instrument(Setaram,France)によって調査した。FRGの熱分解の速度則(速度論的パラメータ)を得るために、C20H42(エイコサン)中のFRGの10%(w/w)溶液を、5種類の異なる走査速度、すなわち、それぞれ1℃/分、2.5℃/分、5℃/分、10℃/分及び20℃/分において75℃から350℃の温度間隔中での温度走査モードで測定した。約60mgのサンプル(エイコサン中のFRGの10%(w/w))を、170mLのAlパンに載せ、75℃(パラフィンの融点より高い)で窒素雰囲気下(20cc/分)にあるDSC装置に置いた。熱平衡の後、温度を上述の温度プログラムによって走査し、サーモグラムを記録した。120℃から320℃の温度間隔で発熱ピークを記録した。放出される熱量、−ΔHr(J/g)は、各試験片のDSC曲線から決定され、それは反応の進行/温度による変換の測定を可能にする。分解速度則を記載する速度論的パラメータは、(AKTS Thermokinetic Software,AKTS AG,Switzerlandを用いる)等転化率法とSestak−Berggren自己触媒モデルによる最適なフィッティングパラメータの両方によって測定された。活性化エネルギー、Ea(kJ/モル)、及び分解の進行αの関数としての見かけ上の頻度因子、ln A(α)・f(α)(s−1(−))は、Friedman微分等転化率法とOzawa積分等転化率法を用いて測定される。Sestak−Berggren方程式の一般的な形式は以下:
上述の方程式中の活性化エネルギー、Ea、頻度因子、A、ならびに 反応次数、m及びnは、最適なフィッティング法によって決定される。次いで、Ea、A、m、及びnのパラメータは、AKTS Thermokinetic Softwareを用いて任意の温度におけるFRGの半減期を計算するのに使用できる。
示差走査熱量測定(DSC)を用いて、分解エネルギー及びピーク分解温度を測定した。RCS(冷蔵冷却システム)を備えたTA Instruments Q2000 DSCを用いて、この分析を実施した。0.5〜2mgのサンプルをガラスキャピラリーチューブに入れ、秤量し、「コールドフィンガー」装置を用いて冷却しながら窒素下でフレームシールした。次いで、その熱的性質を決定するために分析を行った。
Claims (15)
- ポリエチレン樹脂の溶融強度及び/または低せん断粘度を増加させる方法であって、
a)0.900g/cm3〜0.970g/cm3の範囲の密度、0.01g/10分〜30g/10分の範囲のメルトインデックス、及び1,000個の全炭素当たり少なくとも0.20個のビニル基を有する第1のポリエチレン樹脂を提供することと、
b)フリーラジカル発生剤及び第2のポリエチレン樹脂を含むマスターバッチ組成物を提供することであって、前記フリーラジカル発生剤が220℃で200秒未満の半減期及び−250kJ/モルより高い分解エネルギーを有し、前記第2のポリエチレン樹脂が0.900g/cm3〜0.970g/cm3の範囲の密度、0.01g/10分〜100g/10分の範囲のメルトインデックスを有する、提供することと、
c)前記第1のポリエチレン樹脂を前記マスターバッチ組成物と反応させて、変性ポリエチレン樹脂を形成することと、を含む、方法。 - 前記フリーラジカル発生剤の量が、前記樹脂の全量に対して30ppm未満である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記フリーラジカル発生剤が、220℃で60秒〜120秒の半減期を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記マスターバッチ組成物が、1,000ppm未満の一次酸化防止剤を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のポリエチレン樹脂が、2,000ppm未満の一次酸化防止剤を含む、請求項1に記載の方法
- 前記第1のポリエチレン樹脂が250ppm未満の一次酸化防止剤を含み、前記第2のポリエチレン樹脂が250ppm未満の一次酸化防止剤を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記フリーラジカル発生剤の分子量が200〜1,000ダルトンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記フリーラジカル発生剤が環状ペルオキシドである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のポリエチレン樹脂を前記フリーラジカル発生剤と反応させることが、押出機中で起こる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の変性ポリエチレン樹脂から形成される組成物。
- 請求項1〜7に記載の変性ポリエチレン樹脂から形成されるフィルム。
- 前記フィルムがブローフィルムである、請求項9に記載のフィルム。
- 前記フィルムがキャストフィルムである、請求項9に記載のフィルム。
- 前記フィルムが多層フィルムである、請求項9に記載のフィルム。
- 前記フィルムが単層フィルムである、請求項9に記載のフィルム。
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EP3436518A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
US10844210B2 (en) | 2020-11-24 |
US20190100644A1 (en) | 2019-04-04 |
MY185924A (en) | 2021-06-14 |
CN108779301A (zh) | 2018-11-09 |
JP6932713B2 (ja) | 2021-09-08 |
AR108043A1 (es) | 2018-07-11 |
MX2018011809A (es) | 2019-01-24 |
WO2017172273A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
EP3436518B1 (en) | 2024-01-03 |
CA3019324A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
BR112018069347B1 (pt) | 2022-11-29 |
BR112018069347A2 (pt) | 2019-01-22 |
CA3019324C (en) | 2024-02-13 |
CN108779301B (zh) | 2021-06-18 |
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