JP2019510482A - ヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞からの機能的ベータ細胞の産生 - Google Patents
ヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞からの機能的ベータ細胞の産生 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
1.ヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法であって、(1)幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞を、基礎培地中にヒストンメチルトランスフェラーゼEZH2阻害剤、トランスフォーミング増殖因子ベータ(TGF)-ベータシグナル伝達経路阻害剤、ヘパリン及びニコチンアミドを含む培地で培養して、INS+及びNKX6.1+の二重陽性未成熟ベータ細胞を得る工程と、(2)工程(1)で得られたベータ細胞を12%のKOSR及びGABAで培養して、機能的成熟ベータ細胞を得る工程と、を含む、方法。
しかし、例えば、Yuら(2007)、Takahashiら(2007)及びYuら(2009)に開示されているように、OCT4、SOX2、NANOG及びLIN28など、特定の転写因子で成体細胞を処理することにより、多能性細胞へと再プログラム化される分化した成体細胞を含む、任意のヒト多能性幹細胞を、本発明において使用することができることが、更に想定される。
AA:アクチビンA
BC:ベータ細胞
bFGF:塩基性線維芽細胞増殖因子(FGF2)
D'Am:D'Amourプロトコル(Kroonら、2008)
DAPT:N-[(3,5-ジフルオロフェニル)アセチル]-L-アラニル-2-フェニル]グリシン-1,1-ジメチルエチルエステル
DE:胚体内胚葉
DZNep:3-デアザネプラノシンA
EP:内分泌前駆細胞
FC:フローサイトメトリー
GABA:ガンマ-アミノ酪酸
GSIS:グルコース刺激インスリン分泌
hESC:ヒト胚性幹細胞
hIPSC:ヒト人工多能性幹細胞
hPSC:ヒト多能性幹細胞
KOSR:ノックアウト血清代替物
PE:膵臓内胚葉
RNA:リボ核酸
PCR:ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応
PS:原始線条
内分泌前駆細胞の調製
hESC(SA121)を、30ng/mLのbFGF(Peprotech社#100-18B)及び10ng/mLのノギン(Peprotech社#120-10C)を補充したDEF培地(Cellectis社)で培養した。
BC工程1中にINS+/NKX6.1+共発現を誘導する因子のスクリーニング
完全に機能的な成熟ベータ細胞の産生に向けた第1の工程として、最大数の未成熟INS+/NKX6.1+細胞を産生するための因子をスクリーニングした(BC工程1のスクリーニング)。BC工程1のスクリーニングは、EP期に、RPMI1640+2%のB27+10mMニコチンアミド上に添加された、いくつかの文献に基づく化合物を補充したキナーゼ阻害剤、エピジェネティックレギュレーター、レドックス及び生物活性脂質のライブラリー(合計650種の対象化合物)を使用して、開始した。
BC工程1からのグルコース感知性インスリン分泌ベータ細胞の産生
完全に機能的な成熟ベータ細胞の重要な機能的特徴は、グルコース刺激インスリン分泌(GSIS)を行う能力である。BC工程1の未成熟INS+/NKX6.1+細胞から機能的ベータ細胞を誘導することができるBC工程2の因子をスクリーニングした。
インビトロで動的ヒトインスリン分泌をアッセイするための灌流アッセイ
成熟ベータ細胞は、グルコース上昇に対する迅速な応答によって機能的に定義される。BC工程2の終わりにベータ細胞によるヒトインスリンの分泌を、灌流系内の20mMグルコース±1μMエキセンディン-4、又は±抗糖尿病性スルホニルウレア化合物トルブタミドに対する反復応答として測定した。
遺伝子発現分析は幹細胞由来ベータ細胞とヒト膵島材料との高レベルの類似性を示した
BC工程2の7日目の分化した細胞クラスター又はヒト膵島を収集し、Qiagen社製のRNeasyキット(カタログ番号/ID:74134)を使用してRNAを精製した。品質はRNA 6000 Nano Kit及び2100 Bianalyser機器(Agilent社)を使用して評価した。100ngのRNAを、Nanostring Technology社からの指示に従ってnCounterアッセイに供した。図9は、hiPSC及び2つの異なるhESC株から産生したヒト膵島及びベータ細胞由来のベータ細胞関連遺伝子の発現プロファイルを示す。遺伝子発現分析は、幹細胞由来ベータ細胞がヒト膵島と分子的に近似していることを示した。
移植後に機能する工程2からの幹細胞由来ベータ細胞
インビボで機能性を評価するために、BC工程2の3〜10日目の幹細胞由来ベータ細胞を、ストレプトゾトシン誘発糖尿病マウスモデルに移植した。要するに、複数の低用量(5×70mg/kg)ストレプトゾトシン(STZ)を使用して免疫無防備状態のscid-ベージュマウス(Taconic社)において糖尿病を誘発させ、マウスは、STZ投与前に4h絶食させている。マウスを、血糖、体重及びHbA1cに関して、以下の週にわたってモニターする。血糖値が一貫して16mMを超えると、糖尿病と考えられる。
Claims (14)
- ヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法であって、(1)幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞を、基礎培地中にヒストンメチルトランスフェラーゼEZH2阻害剤、TGF-ベータシグナル伝達経路阻害剤、ヘパリン及びニコチンアミドを含む培地で培養して、INS+及びNKX6.1+二重陽性未成熟ベータ細胞を得る工程と、(2)工程(1)で得られたベータ細胞を12%のKOSR及びGABAで培養して、機能的成熟ベータ細胞を得る工程とを含む、方法。
- ヒストンメチルトランスフェラーゼEZH2阻害剤が3-デアザネプラノシンA(DZNep)である、請求項1に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- TGF-ベータシグナル伝達経路阻害剤がAlk5iIIである、請求項1に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- 工程(1)を、ガンマ-セクレターゼ阻害剤、cAMP上昇剤、甲状腺ホルモンシグナル伝達経路活性化因子及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、1つ又は複数の追加の薬剤と組み合わせて含む、請求項1に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- ガンマ-セクレターゼ阻害剤がDAPTである、請求項4に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- cAMP上昇剤がdbcAMPである、請求項4に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- 甲状腺ホルモンシグナル伝達経路活性化因子がT3である、請求項4に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- 前記追加の薬剤がT3と組み合わせたDAPTである、請求項4に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- 前記追加の薬剤がdbcAMPと組み合わせたDAPTである、請求項4に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- 12%のKOSR+GABAを1つ又は複数の追加の薬剤と組み合わせて、工程(1)で得られたベータ細胞を培養して、機能的成熟ベータ細胞を得る工程を含む、請求項1に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- 追加の薬剤が、Alk5iIIである、請求項10に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- 追加の薬剤が、T3である、請求項10に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- 追加の薬剤Alk5iIIがT3と組み合わせられている、請求項10に記載のヒト多能性幹細胞由来内分泌前駆細胞から機能的成熟ベータ細胞を産生する方法。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得ることができる、機能的成熟ベータ細胞。
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