JP2019041468A - 電源システム及び電気自動車 - Google Patents
電源システム及び電気自動車 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H02J1/001—Hot plugging or unplugging of load or power modules to or from power distribution networks
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- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
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- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
- H02J1/084—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
- H02J1/086—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing alternative feeding paths between load or loads and source or sources when the main path fails
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
- H02J7/0032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits disconnection of loads if battery is not under charge, e.g. in vehicle if engine is not running
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Abstract
Description
蓄電素子からモータへの電力供給経路に断線や地絡等の異常が生じた場合であっても車両の走行を継続することが可能な電源システム及び電気自動車を提供することを目的とする。
第1の蓄電素子と第2の蓄電素子とを有する複数の前記蓄電素子を備え、前記第1電力供給経路の通電により、前記第1の蓄電素子の電力が前記第1のモータに供給され、前記第2電力供給経路の通電により、前記第2の蓄電素子の電力が前記第2のモータに供給される。
このようにすれば、第1の蓄電素子と第2の蓄電素子との一方の不具合により一方の電力供給経路に異常が生じたときには、一方の電力供給経路から一方のモータへの電力供給が遮断され、他方の電力供給経路から他方のモータへの電力供給が行われることにより、他方のモータの駆動を継続することができる。これにより、第1の蓄電素子と第2の蓄電素子との一方に不具合が生じた場合であっても車両の走行を継続することが可能になるため、蓄電素子が一つの場合と比較して、確実に車両の走行を継続することが可能になる。
このようにすれば、第1電力供給経路及び第2電力供給経路に異常が生じていないときには、分離リレーがオン状態とされて接続導電路が通電するため、第1の蓄電素子及び第2の蓄電素子の双方の電力を使用して、第1のモータ及び第2のモータの駆動が可能になる。また、第1電力供給経路及び第2電力供給経路の少なくとも一方に異常が生じたときには、分離リレーがオフ状態とされて接続導電路の通電が遮断されるため、一方の電力供給経路の異常が正常な他方の電力供給経路に及ばず、正常な電力供給経路によりモータに電力が供給されるため、車両の駆動を継続することができる。
本実施形態の電源システム20は、例えば電気自動車である車両10に搭載され、2個(複数)の高圧バッテリ21A,21Bからの電力により、車両10の前輪11A及び後輪11Bが駆動するものである。
システム制御ECU26は、図4に示すように、通常時には、分離リレー32、第1のリレー22A及び第2のリレー22Bに制御信号SCを出力し、分離リレー32、第1のリレー22A及び第2のリレー22Bの全てをオン状態とする(S1)。これにより、第1電力供給経路30A、第2電力供給経路30B及び接続導電路31は全ての通電可能な状態となるため、操作部36の設定により、四輪駆動、前輪駆動(後輪アシスト)、後輪駆動(前輪アシスト)のいずれかにより車両10が走行可能な状態とされている(図3参照)。
車両10に搭載される電源システム20であって、高圧バッテリ21A,21B(蓄電素子)と、高圧バッテリ21A,21Bから電力の供給を受けて車両10の前輪11A側を駆動する第1のモータ25Aと、高圧バッテリ21A,21Bと第1のモータ25Aとの間の第1電力供給経路30Aに配され、第1電力供給経路30Aの通電をオンオフする第1のリレー22Aと、高圧バッテリ21A,21Bから電力の供給を受けて車両10の後輪11B側を駆動する第2のモータ25Bと、高圧バッテリ21A,21Bと第1のモータ25Aとの間の第2電力供給経路30Bに配され、第2電力供給経路30Bの通電をオンオフする第2のリレー22Bと、第1電力供給経路30A及び第2電力供給経路30Bの異常を検出する検出部27と、第1のリレー22A及び第2のリレー22Bのオンオフを制御する制御部28と、を備え、制御部28は、検出部27により第1電力供給経路30A及び第2電力供給経路30Bの異常が検出されていないときには、第1のリレー22A及び第2のリレー22Bをオン状態として第1電力供給経路30A及び第2電力供給経路30Bの通電を可能とし、検出部27により第1電力供給経路30Aの異常が検出されたときには、第1のリレー22Aをオフ状態として第1電力供給経路30Aの通電を遮断し、検出部27により第2電力供給経路30Bの異常が検出されたときには、第2のリレー22Bをオフ状態として第2電力供給経路30Bの通電を遮断する。
このようにすれば、第1高圧バッテリ21Aと第2高圧バッテリ21Bとの一方の不具合により一方の電力供給経路30A,30Bに異常が生じたときには、一方の電力供給経路30A(30B)から一方のモータ25A(25B)への電力供給が遮断され、他方の電力供給経路30B(30A)から他方のモータ25B(25A)への電力供給が行われることにより、他方のモータ25B(25A)の駆動を継続することができる。これにより、第1高圧バッテリ21Aと第2高圧バッテリ21Bとの一方に不具合が生じた場合であっても車両10の走行を継続することが可能になるため、高圧バッテリが一つの場合と比較して、確実に車両10の走行を継続することが可能になる。
このようにすれば、第1電力供給経路30A及び第2電力供給経路30Bに異常が生じていないときには、分離リレー32がオン状態とされて接続導電路31が通電可能な状態となるため、第1高圧バッテリ21A及び第2高圧バッテリ21Bの双方の電力を使用して、第1のモータ25A及び第2のモータ25Bの駆動が可能になる。また、第1電力供給経路30A及び第2電力供給経路30Bの少なくとも一方に異常が生じたときには、分離リレー32がオフ状態とされて接続導電路31の通電が遮断されるため、一方の電力供給経路30A(30B)の異常が正常な他方の電力供給経路30B(30B)に及ばず、正常な電力供給経路30B(30A)によりモータ25B(25A)に電力が供給されるため、車両10の駆動を継続することができる。
本明細書に記載された技術は上記記述及び図面によって説明した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、例えば次のような実施形態も本明細書に記載された技術の技術的範囲に含まれる。
(1)2個の高圧バッテリ21A,21Bを設ける構成としたが、これに限られない。例えば、三個以上の高圧バッテリを設けて、三個以上の高圧バッテリからモータ25A,25Bに電力を供給してもよい。また、高圧バッテリは複数に限られず、1個の高圧バッテリを第1電力供給経路及び第2電力供給経路の双方に給電可能に接続して、1個の高圧バッテリにより第1のモータ25Aと第2のモータ25Bの双方に電力を供給してもよい。
(4)上記実施形態では、車両10は、電気自動車としたが、これに限られない。例えばハイブリッド自動車としてもよい。
11A: 前輪
11B: 後輪
20: 電源システム
21A: 第1高圧バッテリ(第1の蓄電素子)
21B: 第2高圧バッテリ(第2の蓄電素子)
22A: 第1のリレー
22B: 第2のリレー
23A,23B: 電力変換部
25A: 第1のモータ
25B: 第2のモータ
26: システム制御ECU
27: 検出部
28: 制御部
29A,29B: 蓄電制御ECU
30A: 第1電力供給経路
30B: 第2電力供給経路
31: 接続導電路
32: 分離リレー
33: 12V系バッテリ
34: 12V系負荷
Claims (4)
- 車両に搭載される電源システムであって、
蓄電素子と、
前記蓄電素子から電力の供給を受けて前記車両の前輪側を駆動する第1のモータと、
前記蓄電素子と前記第1のモータとの間の第1電力供給経路に配され、前記第1電力供給経路の通電をオンオフする第1のリレーと、
前記蓄電素子から電力の供給を受けて前記車両の後輪側を駆動する第2のモータと、
前記蓄電素子と前記第1のモータとの間の第2電力供給経路に配され、前記第2電力供給経路の通電をオンオフする第2のリレーと、
前記第1電力供給経路及び前記第2電力供給経路の異常を検出する検出部と、
前記第1のリレー及び前記第2のリレーのオンオフを制御する制御部と、を備え、
前記制御部は、前記検出部により前記第1電力供給経路及び前記第2電力供給経路の異常が検出されていないときには、前記第1のリレー及び前記第2のリレーをオン状態として前記第1電力供給経路及び前記第2電力供給経路の通電を可能とし、前記検出部により前記第1電力供給経路の異常が検出されたときには、前記第1のリレーをオフ状態として前記第1電力供給経路の通電を遮断し、前記検出部により前記第2電力供給経路の異常が検出されたときには、前記第2のリレーをオフ状態として前記第2電力供給経路の通電を遮断する、電源システム。 - 第1の蓄電素子と第2の蓄電素子とを有する複数の前記蓄電素子を備え、
前記第1電力供給経路の通電により、前記第1の蓄電素子の電力が前記第1のモータに供給され、前記第2電力供給経路の通電により、前記第2の蓄電素子の電力が前記第2のモータに供給される、請求項1に記載の電源システム。 - 前記第1電力供給経路と前記第2電力供給経路との間を接続する接続導電路と、前記接続導電路に配され、前記接続導電路の通電をオンオフする分離リレーと、を備え、
前記制御部は、前記検出部が前記第1電力供給経路及び前記第2電力供給経路に異常が生じていないことを検出したときには、前記分離リレーをオン状態とすることにより前記接続導電路を通電させるとともに、前記検出部が前記第1電力供給経路及び前記第2電力供給経路の少なくとも一方に異常が生じたことを検出したときには、前記分離リレーをオフ状態とすることにより前記接続導電路の通電を遮断する請求項2に記載の電源システム。 - 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の電源システムを備え、
前記第1のモータ及び前記第2のモータにより前記前輪側及び前記後輪側を駆動して走行可能な電気自動車。
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