JP2018522100A - 硬質ポリウレタンフォームの製造方法 - Google Patents
硬質ポリウレタンフォームの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2018522100A JP2018522100A JP2017565786A JP2017565786A JP2018522100A JP 2018522100 A JP2018522100 A JP 2018522100A JP 2017565786 A JP2017565786 A JP 2017565786A JP 2017565786 A JP2017565786 A JP 2017565786A JP 2018522100 A JP2018522100 A JP 2018522100A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- malonate
- compound
- polyol composition
- atoms
- foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- -1 dicarboxylic acid diester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical group CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2,2-diethylpropanedioate Chemical compound CCC(CC)(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- LIRDIZPKBSSVBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-o-ethyl 1-o-methyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(=O)OC LIRDIZPKBSSVBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- NFKGQHYUYGYHIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCCCC NFKGQHYUYGYHIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl malonate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(=O)OC BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MOJJCFBDUWMVJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipentyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCCCCC MOJJCFBDUWMVJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LWIWFCDNJNZEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCCC LWIWFCDNJNZEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IVFCVJVQSIWCIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-ethyl 3-o-hexyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCC IVFCVJVQSIWCIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZFUBHFRWNCJIKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-ethyl 3-o-pentyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCC ZFUBHFRWNCJIKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OLGXVKQPZBFKBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-ethyl 3-o-propyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCC OLGXVKQPZBFKBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CASQMCXYWWSIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-methyl 3-o-pentyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OC CASQMCXYWWSIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LDEGAYRTQMRINX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-O-hexyl 1-O-propyl propanedioate Chemical compound C(CCCCC)OC(CC(=O)OCCC)=O LDEGAYRTQMRINX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VHCOZNTYMBZXBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-O-pentyl 1-O-propyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCCC VHCOZNTYMBZXBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TWHYGPFXAZAPIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-o-butyl 1-o-methyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OC TWHYGPFXAZAPIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NPUPVIQJOVIZCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-o-butyl 1-o-propyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCCC NPUPVIQJOVIZCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002666 chemical blowing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RPNFNBGRHCUORR-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl 2-butylpropanedioate Chemical compound CCCCC(C(=O)OCC)C(=O)OCC RPNFNBGRHCUORR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MQXAJNXSULJYCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihexyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCCCCCC MQXAJNXSULJYCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)\C=C\Cl LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NLOLSXYRJFEOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=CC(F)(F)F NLOLSXYRJFEOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DMUPYMORYHFFCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC=C(F)C(F)(F)F DMUPYMORYHFFCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MKQIWAHBDBXRQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-butyl 3-O-hexyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCCCC MKQIWAHBDBXRQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SBQHOSTUZNMPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-butyl 3-O-pentyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCCCC SBQHOSTUZNMPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CXBDYQVECUFKRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC CXBDYQVECUFKRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LGIUQPZVYULVIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-methyl 3-o-propyl propanedioate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CC(=O)OC LGIUQPZVYULVIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BIYDKQSRJKVUEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-O-hexyl 1-O-methyl propanedioate Chemical compound C(CC(=O)OC)(=O)OCCCCCC BIYDKQSRJKVUEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclobutane Chemical compound C1CCC1 PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001983 dialkylethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002937 thermal insulation foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NDMMKOCNFSTXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)=C(F)F NDMMKOCNFSTXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000003627 tricarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 63
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 21
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 18
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 11
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 10
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000005677 organic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 0 *C[C@](C(**)=O)(C(O)=O)N Chemical compound *C[C@](C(**)=O)(C(O)=O)N 0.000 description 2
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003857 carboxamides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004872 foam stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
a)少なくとも1種のポリイソシアネートと、
b)ポリオール組成物(PZ)と
の反応を含む、硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法によって達成され、
ここで、前記ポリオール組成物(PZ)は、イソシアネート基に対して反応性の少なくとも2個の水素原子を有する少なくとも1種の化合物、並びに、2〜18個のC原子を有するジカルボン酸のジカルボン酸ジエステル、及び3〜18個のC原子を有するトリカルボン酸のトリカルボン酸トリエステルからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種化合物(I)を含み、反応の間に少なくとも1種の発泡剤を使用する。
R3及びR4は、互いに独立して、1〜18個のC原子を有するアルキル部分である)
のジカルボン酸ジエステルからなる群から選択される。
R3及びR4は、互いに独立して、1〜18個のC原子を有するアルキル部分である)
のジカルボン酸ジエステルからなる群から選択される。
a)少なくとも1種のポリイソシアネートと、
b)ポリオール組成物(PZ)と
の反応を含む、硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法により得ることができる又は得られる硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームも提供し、
ここで、前記ポリオール組成物(PZ)は、イソシアネート基に対して反応性の少なくとも2個の水素原子を有する少なくとも1種の化合物、並びに、2〜18個のC原子を有するジカルボン酸のジカルボン酸ジエステル、及び3〜18個のC原子を有するトリカルボン酸のトリカルボン酸トリエステルからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種化合物(I)を含む。
b)ポリオール組成物(PZ)と
の反応を含む、硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法であって、
前記ポリオール組成物(PZ)は、イソシアネート基に対して反応性の少なくとも2個の水素原子を有する少なくとも1種の化合物、並びに、2〜18個のC原子を有するジカルボン酸のジカルボン酸ジエステル、及び3〜18個のC原子を有するトリカルボン酸のトリカルボン酸トリエステルからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種化合物(I)を含み、
前記反応の間に少なくとも1種の発泡剤を使用する、方法。
R3及びR4は、互いに独立して、1〜18個のC原子を有するアルキル部分である)
のジカルボン酸ジエステルからなる群から選択される、実施態様1又は2に記載の方法。
1.1 接着性の測定:
特に明記しない限り、35℃の鋳型温度でアルミニウム被覆(aluminum-coated)紙により覆われた箱型(box mold)200×200×80mm3を用いて、ポリウレタンフォームの金属表面への接着性を測定した。フォームをアルミニウム被覆の表面に適用する。反応混合物を導入した後、鋳型を閉じ、特に明記しない限り、7分後に試験試料を離型する。その後、ブレードを使用して、鋳型の基底側に向かって試験試料のアルミニウム被覆側で、6cm離れた切口を作る。特に明記しない限り、離型した後3分、すなわち、合計で10分後に、引張り試験機を用いて、接着性を決定した。デフレクタローラ(deflector roller)を介して、鋳型の面に対して垂直に100mm/分の引張り試験速度で被覆紙を剥離し、この目的に必要な平均力を測定した。
ポリオール成分の個々の構成成分を発泡剤と一緒に完全に混合し、その後に超音波浴で導入された気泡を除去し、室温で密封した試験チューブ中に保存した。相安定性は、視覚的に認識できる成分の混濁又は相分離がなく、混合物が室温で保存することができる期間である。
フォームの周囲に親指で圧力を与えることによって、脆性を定性的に決定する。脆いフォームでは、わずかな変形でさえも不可逆的である。
DIN 53421/DIN EN ISO 604に従って圧縮強度を決定する。
フォームブロックを製造してから1日後、前記ブロックの全長にわたって均一に分布した18個の試料をとる。試験試料のおおよその寸法は5×5×4cm3である。正確な体積は、水浴に浸漬することによって決定する。その後、試料を乾燥させ、0.7バールのゲージ圧でオートクレーブ中に10分間置く。それぞれの試験試料の体積を再び決定し、すべての相対体積の減少から平均値を計算する。
室温及び/又は45℃でポリオール成分を6ヶ月保存する。ポリオール成分を混合した直後にフォーム試料を製造し、35℃又は30℃の鋳型温度で接着性を決定した。6ヶ月後に、再びフォーム試料を製造して試験した。
3.1 一般的な製造プロトコル(手動で発泡された試料)
ビーカー中で、実験室攪拌器(Vollrath stirrer)により、1分間1400回転の攪拌速度で、ポリオール成分を上記の量のイソシアネート成分と10秒間完全に混合し、そこで混合物も発泡した。この「ビーカー試験」で決定される変数は、クリーム時間、繊維化時間(fiber time)、フルライズタイム(full rise time)、かさ密度(envelope density)、及び必要であれば脆性である。
上述した原料からポリオール成分を製造する。250g/sの出力レートを有するPU 30/80 IQ high−pressure Puromat (Elastogran GmbH)によって、ポリオール成分を、それぞれの上記の量の上述したイソシアネートと混合する。混合物を、
2000×200×50mm3(lance)
の寸法を有する温度制御鋳型中に導入し、そこで発泡させる。有利には、アルミニウムを有する片面に被覆される紙で、鋳型を覆う。フォームをアルミニウム被覆表面に適用し、その後に鋳型を閉じる。
約1000gの反応混合物を、PE袋(直径約30cm)中に注入する。クリーム時間は、注入の開始から反応混合物の体積膨張の開始までの間の期間として規定する。繊維化時間は、注入の開始から、フォームストリップを用いて反応混合物から繊維を引き出すことが可能になる時点までの間の期間として規定する。フォームを硬化した後(24時間後)、コアの未発泡(free-foamed)のかさ密度を決定するために、60×60×60mm3の寸法を有する5つの試料を、同じ試料の中心から切り取る。それらを計量し、水浴中の浸漬によってそれらの体積を決定する。これらの変数からコアのフリーかさ密度を計算し、平均値を記録する。
最小充填密度は、lance鋳型を充填するのにちょうど十分であるかさ密度として規定する。lance鋳型中で、100%を充填したと推定することで、鋳型の90%〜95%を充填するフォームを製造することにより、それを測定する。最小充填密度及びコアのフリーかさ密度から計算される指数は、流動係数と称する。
4.1 3.1の一般的な製造プロトコルを従って、表1a及び1bに記載のポリオール成分をイソシアネート1(イソシアネート指数は118である)と反応させた。
フォームの収縮試験は、純粋な視覚的評価である。発泡された試料は、比較用の系(最初に対応する試料S−1)と比較する。比較性を確保するために、同日で、比較用の試料S−1を含む全ての試料を製造する。4週間にわたって2〜3日ごとに、試料を目で検査する。最初より大きく、小さく、若しくは最初と同様、又は全く収縮しないとして、試料の収縮を記録する。
Claims (16)
- 硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法であって、
a)少なくとも1種のポリイソシアネートと、
b)ポリオール組成物(PZ)と
の反応を含み、
前記ポリオール組成物(PZ)が、イソシアネート基に対して反応性の少なくとも2個の水素原子を有する少なくとも1種の化合物、及び一般式、
R3及びR4は、互いに独立して、1〜18個のC原子を有するアルキル部分である)
のジカルボン酸ジエステルからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物(I)を含み、
前記反応の間に、少なくとも1種の発泡剤を使用する、方法。 - 前記ポリオール組成物(PZ)が少なくとも1種の発泡剤を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 使用される発泡剤が、水、又は水と別の物理発泡剤若しくは化学発泡剤との混合物を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記別の発泡剤が、少なくとも4個のC原子を有するアルカン及び/又はシクロアルカン、ジアルキルエーテル、エステル、ケトン、アセタール、並びに、アルキル鎖中で1〜3個のC原子を有するテトラアルキルシランからなる群から選択される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記別の発泡剤が、プロパン、n−ブタン、イソ−及びシクロブタン、n−、イソ−及びシクロペンタン、シクロヘキサン、ジメチルエーテル、メチルエチルエーテル、メチルブチルエーテル、ギ酸メチル、アセトン、1,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロペン、1,1,1,2,3−ペンタフルオロプロペン、1,1,1,4,4,4−ヘキサフルオロブテン、並びに、1−クロロ−3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペンからなる群から選択される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物(I)がマロン酸ジエステルからなる群から選択される、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物(I)が、マロン酸ジメチル、マロン酸ジエチル、マロン酸ジプロピル、マロン酸ジブチル、マロン酸ジペンチル、マロン酸ジヘキシル、マロン酸メチルエチル、マロン酸メチルプロピル、マロン酸メチルブチル、マロン酸メチルペンチル、マロン酸メチルヘキシル、マロン酸エチルプロピル、マロン酸エチルブチル、マロン酸エチルペンチル、マロン酸エチルヘキシル、マロン酸プロピルブチル、マロン酸プロピルペンチル、マロン酸プロピルヘキシル、マロン酸ブチルペンチル、マロン酸ブチルヘキシル及びマロン酸ペンチルヘキシルからなる群から選択される、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 使用される前記化合物(I)の量が、前記ポリオール組成物(PZ)の質量に基づいて0.5〜10質量%の範囲にある、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリオール組成物(PZ)が、少なくとも1種の脂肪酸若しくは1種の脂肪酸エステル、又はそれらの混合物を含む、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリオール組成物(PZ)がヒマシ油を含む、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 使用される発泡剤が、前記ポリオール組成物(PZ)の質量に基づいて0.1〜10質量%の範囲の量の水を含む、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法により得ることができ又は得られる硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォーム。
- 断熱材料、好ましくは断熱シート、サンドイッチ要素、温水タンク、煮沸器、冷却器、断熱フォーム、冷蔵庫又は冷凍庫の製造に、請求項12に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームを使用する方法。
- 請求項12に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームを断熱材料として含む、断熱シート、サンドイッチ要素、温水タンク、煮沸器、冷却器、断熱フォーム、冷蔵庫又は冷凍庫。
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CN110396213B (zh) * | 2019-08-22 | 2022-02-25 | 长虹美菱股份有限公司 | 一种冰箱聚氨酯保温层及其制备方法 |
CN110483828A (zh) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-22 | 海信容声(广东)冰箱有限公司 | 一种发泡剂组合物、聚氨酯发泡组合物、聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法和应用 |
WO2023186714A1 (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2023-10-05 | Basf Se | A panel construction, a process for preparing the same and use thereof as an automotive part |
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EP3310835A1 (de) | 2018-04-25 |
WO2016202912A1 (de) | 2016-12-22 |
US20180186924A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
EP4116351A1 (de) | 2023-01-11 |
EA201890076A1 (ru) | 2018-07-31 |
PT3310835T (pt) | 2022-09-20 |
MX2017016695A (es) | 2018-03-15 |
JP2022116023A (ja) | 2022-08-09 |
DK3310835T3 (da) | 2022-12-05 |
EA034763B1 (ru) | 2020-03-18 |
CN107922575B (zh) | 2021-08-17 |
MX2023000319A (es) | 2023-02-09 |
CN107922575A (zh) | 2018-04-17 |
IL256353B2 (en) | 2023-09-01 |
CA2988878C (en) | 2023-09-26 |
ES2932186T3 (es) | 2023-01-16 |
IL256353A (en) | 2018-02-28 |
IL256353B1 (en) | 2023-05-01 |
EP3310835B1 (de) | 2022-09-07 |
CA2988878A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 |
KR20180020228A (ko) | 2018-02-27 |
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