JP2018519418A - 二酸化炭素の電気化学的有効利用のためのプロトン供与体ユニットを有する電解システム及び還元方法 - Google Patents
二酸化炭素の電気化学的有効利用のためのプロトン供与体ユニットを有する電解システム及び還元方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 252
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005501 phase interface Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hcl hcl Chemical compound Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M dihydrogenphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006181 electrochemical material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KLMCZVJOEAUDNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N francium atom Chemical compound [Fr] KLMCZVJOEAUDNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005588 protonation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFWRGKJLLYDFBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ag].[Ag] VFWRGKJLLYDFBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
- C25B3/20—Processes
- C25B3/25—Reduction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/22—Inorganic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】図6
Description
陰極:
2CO2+4e−+2H2O→2CO+4OH−
2CO2+12e−+8H2O→C2H4+12OH−
CO2+8e−+6H2O→CH4+8OH−
陽極:
2H2O→O2+4H++4e−
或いは、塩化物含有電解質が存在するときは
2Cl−→Cl2+2e−
炭酸(H2CO3)又は炭酸塩(CO3 2−)として、例えば苛性カリ洗浄液の系に生じるような炭酸カリウム又は炭酸水素カリウムとして、二酸化炭素は化学的に結合されて存在する。二酸化炭素は、しかし、ガス状で又は物理的に溶解した状態でも存在し得る。物理的な溶解プロセスも、ヘンリーの法則の仮定のもとに、同様に温度、濃度及び圧力に依存する溶液の平衡が成立するまで進行する。
χ1・Hij=P (式2)
この式において、χ1は物質量であり0.01より小さい。Pは、圧力を表わし、2バールより小さい。Hijは、ヘンリー定数である。
AR:陽極室
K:陰極
KR:陰極室
KS:陰極液間隙
M1:膜
M2:プロトン透過性膜
PR:プロトン貯留槽
PSK:プロトン供与体陰極
Claims (15)
- 陽極室(AR)内の陽極(A)、陰極室(KR)内の陰極(K)及び少なくとも1つの膜(M1)を備えた電解セル(6〜9)を含有し、前記陰極室(KR)が二酸化炭素(CO2)のための第1の供給口を有し、供給された二酸化炭素(CO2)が前記陰極(K)と接触するように構成されている二酸化炭素の有効利用のための電解システムであって、前記電解システムがプロトン供与体ユニットを含有し、前記陰極室(KR)がプロトン(H+)のための第2の供給口を介して前記プロトン供与体ユニットに接続され、前記陰極室(KR)に供給されたプロトン(H+)が前記陰極(K)と接触するように構成されていることを特徴とする電解システム。
- 前記プロトン供与体ユニットが、プロトン貯留槽(PR)と、プロトン(H+)のための陰極室(KR)への第2の供給口として機能するプロトン透過性膜(M2)とを、含有する請求項1に記載の電解システム。
- 前記プロトン貯留槽(PR)が特にブレンステッド酸(HX)を有する酸貯留槽である請求項1又は2に記載の電解システム。
- 前記プロトン透過性膜(M2)がスルホン化ポリテトラフルオロエチレンを含有する請求項2又は3に記載の電解システム。
- 前記陰極室(KR)が陰極液/二酸化炭素混合物を含有し、前記陰極液が炭酸アニオン(CO3 2−)及び/又は炭酸水素アニオン(HCO3 −)及び/又は炭酸(H2CO3)を含有する請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の電解システム。
- 前記陽極室(AR)がプロトン貯留槽(PR)として機能する請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の電解システム。
- 第1及び第2の膜(M1、M2)を有し、前記第1の膜(M1)が前記陽極(A)と前記陰極(K)との間に配置され、前記第2の膜(M2)が前記陰極(K)と前記プロトン貯留槽(P)の間に配置され、少なくとも前記第2の膜(M2)がプロトン透過性である請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の電解システム。
- 前記陰極室(KR)が、前記陰極(K)に沿って延びており前記陰極面に垂直方向の寸法が最大5mmである陰極液間隙(KS)として形成されている請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の電解システム。
- 前記陰極室(KR)が前記陰極(K)と前記膜(M1、M2)とを分離する陰極間隙(KS)として形成され、前記陰極及び前記膜(M1)が最大5mmの間隔で配置される請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の電解システム。
- 前記陰極室(KR)が、前記陰極(K)の両側に配置され膜(M1、M2)によってそれぞれ境界付けられた2つの陰極液間隙(KS)を有し、前記陰極(K)及び膜(M1、M2)が、それぞれ、最大5mmの間隔で配置されている請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の電解システム。
- プロトン供与体ユニット及びその中に組み込まれたプロトン透過性陰極(KP)を含有するプロトン供与体陰極(PSK)を有する請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の電解システム。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の電解システムによる二酸化炭素の有効利用のための還元方法であって、
陰極液/二酸化炭素混合物が陰極室(KR)に導入されて陰極(K)と接触させられ、前記陰極室(KR)内で追加のプロトン(H+)が提供されることにより陰極液/二酸化炭素混合物の局所的なpH値の低下が行なわれる還元方法。 - 前記陰極液/二酸化炭素混合物の局所的なpH値の低下が前記陰極液/二酸化炭素混合物から前記陰極(K)への液相/固相界面で行なわれ、前記追加的なプロトン(H+)が前記プロトン透過性の膜(M)又は前記プロトン透過性の陰極(K)を介して前記陰極液/二酸化炭素混合物から前記陰極(K)への前記液相/固相界面に提供される請求項12に記載の還元方法。
- 前記プロトン(H+)がプロトン貯留槽(PR)、特にブレンステッド酸(HX)、例えば硫酸(H2SO4)、燐酸(H3PO4)又は硝酸(HNO3)、塩酸(HCl)又は酢酸や蟻酸などの有機酸、を含有する酸貯留槽から獲得される請求項12又は13に記載の還元方法。
- 前記陰極液が炭酸アニオン(CO3 2−)及び/又は炭酸水素アニオン(HCO3 −)を含有する請求項12〜14のいずれか1項に記載の還元方法。
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