JP2018518340A - マルチコートコーティングの製造方法 - Google Patents
マルチコートコーティングの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018518340A JP2018518340A JP2018512483A JP2018512483A JP2018518340A JP 2018518340 A JP2018518340 A JP 2018518340A JP 2018512483 A JP2018512483 A JP 2018512483A JP 2018512483 A JP2018512483 A JP 2018512483A JP 2018518340 A JP2018518340 A JP 2018518340A
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- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane resin
- coat
- substrate
- coating
- dispersion
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
Description
前述の目的は、 基板(S)上にマルチコートコーティング(M)を製造するための方法であって、下記の工程、
(I)基板(S)に水性ベースコート材料(b)を適用することにより、基板上にベースコート(B)を製造する工程であって、前記ベースコート材料は、
(b.1)ベース成分であって
(1)15から100mg KOH/gのヒドロキシル価および10から50mg KOH/gの酸価を有する少なくとも1種のポリウレタン樹脂、
(2)水、及び少なくとも1種のポリウレタン樹脂からなるポリウレタン樹脂部分(fraction)を含む、少なくとも1種の水性分散液であって、前記ポリウレタン樹脂部分は、少なくとも50%のゲル部分を有し、−20℃未満の温度にそのガラス転移点を有し、100℃未満の温度にその融解転移点を有する、少なくとも1種の水性分散液、及び
(3)少なくとも1種の着色および/または効果顔料
を含む、ベース成分、並びに
(b.2)硬化成分であって、
(4)8%から18%のイソシアネート含量を有する少なくとも1種の親水性修飾ポリイソシアネート(4)
を含む、硬化成分
を含む、2成分コーティング組成物である、工程と、
(II)ベースコート(B)に水性クリアコート材料(k)を直接適用することにより、ベースコート(B)上にクリアコート(K)を直接製造する工程であって、前記クリアコート材料は、
(k.1)塗料ベース成分であって、
(2)水、及び少なくとも1種のポリウレタン樹脂からなるポリウレタン樹脂部分を含む、少なくとも1種の水性分散液であって、前記ポリウレタン樹脂部分は、少なくとも50%のゲル部分を有し、−20℃未満の温度にそのガラス転移点を有し、100℃未満の温度にその融解転移点を有する、少なくとも1種の水性分散液
を含む、塗料ベース成分、及び
(k.2)硬化成分であって
(4)8%から18%のイソシアネート含量を有する少なくとも1種の親水性修飾ポリイソシアネート(4)
を含む、硬化成分
を含む、2成分コーティング組成物である、工程と
を含む方法により達成され得ることが判明した。
まず、本発明に関連して使用されるいくつかの用語を説明する。
本発明の方法に関連して、マルチコートコーティング(M)は、基板(S)上に製造される。
本発明の使用のためのベースコート材料は、塗料ベース成分中に少なくとも1種の特定のポリウレタン樹脂(1)を含む。
ベースコート材料の固形分およびベースコート材料中の水の部分の合計パーセンテージは、少なくとも75wt%、好ましくは少なくとも85wt%である。この数字において、従来的に単位「%」のみを有する固形分は、「wt%」で表示される。固形分は、最終的には質量パーセンテージの数字でもあるので、この表現形態は正しいとする。例えば、ベースコート材料が35%の固形分および50wt%の水分含量を有する場合、ベースコート材料の固形分およびベースコート材料中の水の部分の合計パーセンテージは、85wt%となる。
本発明の使用のためのクリアコート材料(k)は、同様に、塗料ベース成分中に少なくとも1種の水性分散液(2)を含む。
クリアコート材料の固形分およびクリアコート材料中の水の部分の合計パーセンテージは、少なくとも75wt%、好ましくは少なくとも85wt%である(この数字の解説に関しては、ベースコート材料(b)の説明における上記を参照されたい)。
ゲル部分:
本発明に関連して、対応する水性分散液のポリウレタン樹脂部分のゲル部分を、質量測定法で決定する。ここで、まず、存在するポリマーを水性分散液の試料(初期質量1.0g)から凍結乾燥により単離した。固化温度、すなわちそれより上では温度がさらに低下された場合に試料の電気抵抗がそれ以上の変化を示さない温度の決定後、完全に凍結した試料を、慣例的には5ミリバールから0.05ミリバールの間の乾燥真空圧範囲、および固化温度より10℃低い乾燥温度での主乾燥に供した。ポリマーの下の加熱表面の温度を25℃まで段階的に増加させることにより、ポリマーの急速な凍結乾燥を達成したが、典型的には12時間の乾燥時間の後、単離されたポリマー(凍結乾燥により決定された固体部分)の量は一定であり、長期の凍結乾燥後でもいかなる変化も行わなかった。その後、周囲圧力を最大真空度(典型的には0.05から0.03ミリバールの間)まで減圧して、ポリマーの下の表面温度30℃で乾燥させると、ポリマーの最適な乾燥が得られた。
ガラス転移温度に基づいて、ガラス転移点を決定する。本発明に関連するガラス転移温度は、DIN51005「Thermal Analysis(TA)−Terms」およびDIN53765「Thermal Analysis−Differential Scanning Calorimetry(DSC)」に基づく方法において実験的に決定する。ドクターブレードを使用して、結合剤の試料を100μmの湿潤フィルム厚でガラス板に塗布し、まず40℃で1時間乾燥させ、次いで110℃で1時間乾燥させる。測定のために、このようにして乾燥されたフィルムの一片をガラス板から除去し、測定スリーブ内に挿入する。次いで、このスリーブをDSC機器内に挿入する。これを開始温度まで冷却し、その後、10K/分の加熱速度で、50ml/分の不活性ガスフラッシング(N2)と共に1回目および2回目の測定運転を行うが、測定運転ごとに開始温度まで再び冷却する。
異なるコーティング材料の塗料ベース成分を、商品として直接入手するか、または各構成物質を連続して組み合わせ、溶解器内でそれらを完全に混合することにより製造した(表1a)。本発明の使用のためのベースコート材料(b)およびクリアコート材料(k)は記号Iを有し、比較系は記号Cを有する。個々のコーティング材料の硬化成分を、表1bに列挙する。報告された数字は、それぞれの場合において、使用された成分の質量部である。
フィルム基板上に堆積したマルチコートコーティングの可撓性および弾性、ならびにストーンチップ耐性の調査を行った。試験は、以下のように行った:
(a)コーティングした基板を、2mm厚のスチールパネルの縁部上で屈曲させた。コーティング系に亀裂/「破損」が観察された屈曲角の測定を行った。
(b)コーティングした基板を、コーティング側を外側にして中央で折り畳み(180°の屈曲)、両端を把持した。手を反対方向に動かすこと(「ねじる」動き)により、負荷試験を行った。その後、コーティングした基板を検査した。
(c)5ユーロセントコインを使用して、コーティングした基板をその衝撃許容度に関して試験した。これは、コインをその端部でフィルム表面上に立てて配置し、一定の圧力で基板に押し付けることにより行った。圧入の最大深度は5mmであった。
(d)DIN EN ISO20567−1に従ってストーンチップを試験した。
本発明のマルチコートコーティングMI1は、金属縁部上での180°の最大可能屈曲でも、全く亀裂/損傷を示さなかった(試験(a))。また、コーティング側を外側にして屈曲させた(180°)後も、変化を決定することは不可能であった。同様に、ねじる動きもコーティングの外観に全く影響を示さなかった(試験(b))。5ユーロセントの衝撃試験の場合、コーティング系MI1は、同様に表面に全く損傷を示さなかった(試験(c))。ストーンチップ試験において損傷は全く見られなかった。
上述のように、さらなるコーティングMI1を製造した。さらに、クリアコート材料を塗布しないコーティングを製造した。したがって、コーティングは、フォーム基板上に直接配置したベースコート材料bI1の1つのフィルムのみを含有する。
(a)耐薬品性の決定において、パッドを使用して、DIN EN ISO2812−3の手順を行った。評価スケールは、0(痕跡なし)から5(剥離)までである。
(b)コーティングした表面の耐摩耗性は、クロックメーターを使用して、GS97034−5(BMW)に従い行った(DIN EN ISO105−X12に従う方法B)(異なる媒体で湿らせた綿摩擦布を使用して、10回往復摩擦)。コーティングした基板上の磨耗の可視な痕跡、および使用した綿摩擦布上の可視な摩擦色落ちの両方について、試料を検査する。評価スケールは、0(完全磨耗)から5(全く磨耗なし)までである。
上記で特定した製造プロセスと同様に、さらなる比較マルチコートコーティングを製造し、マルチコートコーティングMI1と比較した。表5aおよび5bならびに表6は、使用したコーティング材料(および/または塗料ベース成分、表5aおよび5b)の全て、ならびに製造したマルチコートコーティング(表6)を示す。
Claims (15)
- 基板(S)上にマルチコートコーティング(M)を製造するための方法であって、下記の工程、
(I)基板(S)に水性ベースコート材料(b)を塗布することにより、基板上にベースコート(B)を製造する工程であって、前記ベースコート材料は、
(b.1)ベース成分であって
(1)15から100mg KOH/gのヒドロキシル価および10から50mg KOH/gの酸価を有する少なくとも1種のポリウレタン樹脂、
(2)水、及び少なくとも1種のポリウレタン樹脂からなるポリウレタン樹脂部分を含む、少なくとも1種の水性分散液であって、前記ポリウレタン樹脂部分は、少なくとも50%のゲル部分を有し、−20℃未満の温度にそのガラス転移点を有し、100℃未満の温度にその融解転移点を有する、少なくとも1種の水性分散液、及び
(3)少なくとも1種の着色および/または効果顔料
を含む、ベース成分、並びに
(b.2)硬化成分であって、
(4)8%から18%のイソシアネート含量を有する少なくとも1種の親水性修飾ポリイソシアネート(4)
を含む、硬化成分
を含む、2成分コーティング組成物である、工程と、
(II)ベースコート(B)に水性クリアコート材料(k)を直接塗布することにより、ベースコート(B)上にクリアコート(K)を直接製造する工程であって、前記クリアコート材料は、
(k.1)塗料ベース成分であって、
(2)水、及び少なくとも1種のポリウレタン樹脂からなるポリウレタン樹脂部分を含む、少なくとも1種の水性分散液であって、前記ポリウレタン樹脂部分は、少なくとも50%のゲル部分を有し、−20℃未満の温度にそのガラス転移点を有し、100℃未満の温度にその融解転移点を有する、少なくとも1種の水性分散液
を含む、塗料ベース成分、及び
(k.2)硬化成分であって
(4)8%から18%のイソシアネート含量を有する少なくとも1種の親水性修飾ポリイソシアネート(4)
を含む、硬化成分
を含む、2成分コーティング組成物である、工程と
を含む方法。 - 親水性修飾ポリイソシアネート(4)が、ポリエーテル−および/またはポリエステル−修飾ポリイソシアネートの群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 親水性修飾ポリイソシアネート(4)が、ポリオキシエチレン−、ポリオキシプロピレ−ンおよび/または混合ポリオキシエチレン−ポリオキシプロピレン−修飾ポリイソシアネートの群から選択される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリオキシエチレン−、ポリオキシプロピレン−および/または混合ポリオキシエチレン−ポリオキシプロピレン−修飾ポリイソシアネートが、対応して修飾されたイソシアヌレート、好ましくはヘキサメチレン1,6−ジイソシアネートのイソシアヌレートの群から選択される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1種のポリウレタン樹脂(1)が、ポリウレタン樹脂の製造において使用される出発化合物の総量に対して、30から80wt%の間の少なくとも1種のポリエステルジオールを使用して製造され、前記少なくとも1種のポリエステルジオールが、二量体脂肪酸を使用して製造される、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種のポリエステルジオールの製造において使用されるジカルボン酸の少なくとも50wt%、好ましくは55から85wt%が、二量体脂肪酸である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 塗料ベース成分(b.1)中の少なくとも1種の顔料(3)が、顔料ペーストの形態で使用され、前記ペーストが、ペースト樹脂として少なくとも1種のポリウレタン樹脂(1)を含む、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種の顔料ペーストが、1から60wt%の少なくとも1種の顔料(3)、10から60wt%の少なくとも1種のポリウレタン樹脂(1)、および30から80wt%の少なくとも1種の有機溶媒を含み、前述の部分は、ペーストの総量に対するものであり、一緒になって、ペーストの総質量の少なくとも80wt%、好ましくは少なくとも90wt%を構成する、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1種の分散液(2)のポリウレタン樹脂部分が、−100℃から−20℃未満の範囲内の温度にそのガラス転移点を有し、−20℃から90℃未満の範囲内の温度にその融解転移点を有し、1マイクロメートル超の粒径を有する粒子を含む、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ベースコート材料(b)およびクリアコート材料(k)が、少なくとも1種のさらなる水性分散液(5)を含み、水性分散液(5)のポリウレタン樹脂部分が、少なくとも50%のゲル部分を有し、20から500ナノメートルの平均粒径(体積平均)を有する分散粒子の形態で存在する、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 使用される前記基板が、可撓性フォーム基板、より好ましくは可撓性熱可塑性ポリウレタンビーズフォーム基板を含む、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ベースコート(B)が、前記基板上に直接製造される、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ベースコート(B)およびクリアコート(K)が、40から120℃、好ましくは60から100℃の間の温度で共に硬化し、前述のコート以外のさらなるコートが製造されない、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法により製造され、基板上に配置されたマルチコートコーティング。
- 外部の機械的影響に対する基板の安定性、特に耐摩耗性およびストーンチップ耐性を増加させるために、請求項14に記載のマルチコートコーティングを使用する方法。
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JP2021504129A (ja) * | 2017-11-30 | 2021-02-15 | ビーエイエスエフ・ソシエタス・エウロパエアBasf Se | プラスチック基材を前処理する方法 |
JP7030985B2 (ja) | 2017-11-30 | 2022-03-07 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | プラスチック基材を前処理する方法 |
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US10329450B2 (en) | 2019-06-25 |
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TW201708444A (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
US20180187044A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
EP3298059A1 (de) | 2018-03-28 |
EP3298059B1 (de) | 2021-06-09 |
WO2016188656A1 (de) | 2016-12-01 |
AR104710A1 (es) | 2017-08-09 |
CN107646041A (zh) | 2018-01-30 |
JP6732014B2 (ja) | 2020-07-29 |
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RU2680400C1 (ru) | 2019-02-21 |
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