JP2018190987A - 静電チャック装置 - Google Patents
静電チャック装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2018190987A JP2018190987A JP2018117970A JP2018117970A JP2018190987A JP 2018190987 A JP2018190987 A JP 2018190987A JP 2018117970 A JP2018117970 A JP 2018117970A JP 2018117970 A JP2018117970 A JP 2018117970A JP 2018190987 A JP2018190987 A JP 2018190987A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- electrostatic chuck
- sintered body
- particles
- temperature
- chuck device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/6831—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using electrostatic chucks
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Abstract
Description
また、第三の態様は、高温加熱時においてもウエハの取り外しが容易な静電チャック装置を容易に製造することが可能な、静電チャック装置の製造方法を提供することを併せて目的とする。
すなわち、基体が高温になった際に、体積固有抵抗値が低下すると、静電吸着用電極への電圧印加を停止した後であっても、分極が解消しにくい。その為、クーロン力が残存しやすいことが、要因の一つであると考えられる。
炭化ケイ素粒子および酸化アルミニウム粒子を含むセラミックス粒子の焼結体を形成材料とし、一主面が板状試料を載置する載置面である基体と、前記基体において、前記載置面とは反対側の面または前記基体の内部に設けられた静電吸着用電極と、を備え、
前記焼結体の体積固有抵抗値は、24℃から300℃までの全範囲において0.5×1015Ωcm以上であり、前記焼結体の前記体積固有抵抗値の測定温度に対する前記焼結体の体積固有抵抗値の関係を示すグラフは、24℃から300℃までの範囲において極大値を有し、
前記焼結体におけるアルミニウム及びケイ素以外の金属不純物含有量が100ppm以下である静電チャック装置を提供する。
炭化ケイ素粒子および酸化アルミニウム粒子を含むセラミックス粒子の焼結体を形成材料とし、一主面が板状試料を載置する載置面である基体と、前記基体において、前記載置面とは反対側の面または前記基体の内部に設けられた静電吸着用電極と、を備え、
前記焼結体の180℃の絶縁破壊強度は、前記焼結体の24℃の絶縁破壊強度の0.85倍以上であり、
前記焼結体におけるアルミニウム及びケイ素以外の金属不純物含有量が100ppm以下である静電チャック装置を提供する。
一主面が板状試料を載置する載置面である基体を備えた静電チャック装置の製造方法であって、
酸化アルミニウム粒子と炭化ケイ素粒子とを、それぞれ高速で噴射してお互いに衝突させながら混合しスラリーを得る工程と、
前記混合する工程で得られたスラリーから分散媒を除去した後、成形する工程と、
得られた成形体を、非酸化性雰囲気下、25MPa以上の圧力で押し固めながら1600℃以上に加熱して加圧焼結する工程と、
得られたセラミックス焼結体を研削して前記基体を形成する工程と、
を有する、
炭化ケイ素粒子および酸化アルミニウム粒子を含むセラミックス粒子の焼結体を形成材料とし、一主面が板状試料を載置する載置面である基体と、
前記基体において、前記載置面とは反対側または前記基体の内部に設けられた静電吸着用電極と、を備えた静電チャック装置の製造方法を提供する。
この方法によれば第一と第二の態様の装置を好ましく製造することが可能である。
図1は、本発明の好ましい例である、本実施形態の静電チャック装置を示す断面図である。静電チャック装置1は、一主面(上面)側を載置面とした平面視円板状の静電チャック部2と、この静電チャック部2の下方に設けられて、静電チャック部2を所望の温度に調整する、厚みのある、平面視円板状の温度調節用ベース部3と、を備えている。また、静電チャック部2と温度調節用ベース部3とは、静電チャック部2と温度調節用ベース部3の間に設けられた接着剤層8を介して接着されている。
以下、順に説明する。
静電チャック部2は、上面を半導体ウエハ等の板状試料Wを載置する載置面11aとした載置板11と、この載置板11と一体化され前記載置板11の底部側を支持する支持板12と、これら載置板11と支持板12との間に設けられた静電吸着用電極13、および静電吸着用電極13の周囲を絶縁する絶縁材層14と、を有する。載置板11および支持板12は、本発明における「基体」に該当する。
温度調節用ベース部3は、静電チャック部2を所望の温度に調整するためのもので、厚みのある円板状の部材である。この温度調節用ベース部3としては、例えば、その内部に冷媒を循環させる流路3Aが形成された液冷ベース等が好適である。
フォーカスリング10は、温度調節用ベース部3の周縁部に載置される、平面視円環状の部材である。フォーカスリング10は、任意に選択される材料から形成され、例えば、載置面に載置されるウエハと同等の電気伝導性を有する材料を形成材料とすることが好ましい。このようなフォーカスリング10を配置することにより、ウエハの周縁部においては、プラズマに対する電気的な環境をウエハと略一致させることができ、ウエハの中央部と周縁部とでプラズマ処理の差や偏りを生じにくくすることができる。
静電吸着用電極13には、静電吸着用電極13に直流電圧を印加するための給電用端子15が接続されている。給電用端子15は、温度調節用ベース部3、接着剤層8、及び支持板12を厚み方向に貫通する貫通孔16の内部に挿入されている。給電用端子15の外周側には、絶縁性を有する碍子15aが設けられ、この碍子15aにより、金属製の温度調節用ベース部3に対し給電用端子15が絶縁されている。
静電チャック装置1は、以上のような構成となっている。
次に、本発明の第一〜三の態様の基体(載置板11および支持板12)の好ましい例や特徴について、更に詳述する。
載置板11および支持板12は、炭化ケイ素粒子および酸化アルミニウム粒子を含むセラミックス粒子の焼結体を形成材料として形成されている。
本発明において、炭化ケイ素粒子および酸化アルミニウム粒子の割合は任意に選択可能であるが、質量比で99:1〜80:20が好ましく、97:3〜85:15がより好ましく、92:8〜87:13がより好ましい。酸化アルミニウム粒子の平均粒子径は任意に選択可能であるが0.2μm以下が好ましい。炭化ケイ素粒子の平均粒子径は任意に選択可能であるが、0.6μm以下が好ましい。
なお焼結体に含まれるSiC以外の物質としては、任意に選択でき、Y2O3などが挙げられる。
第一の態様において、焼結体は、体積固有抵抗値が、24℃から300℃までの全範囲において0.5×1015Ωcm以上である。
なお図2で比較のための酸化アルミニウム焼結体(Al2O3)の不純物は795ppmである。
すなわち、焼結体においては、例えば、酸化アルミニウム粒子の金属不純物含有量を低減して高純度にすることにより、酸化アルミニウム粒子の電気伝導性(イオン伝導性)が低減し、炭化ケイ素粒子の電気伝導性(電子伝導性)の影響が強くなる。その結果、測定温度に対する酸化アルミニウム粒子の電気伝導性(イオン伝導性)の挙動と、炭化ケイ素粒子の電気伝導性(電子伝導性)の挙動とのバランスにより、焼結体の測定温度と体積固有抵抗値との関係を示すグラフが上に凸となり極大値を示すと考えられる。
なお焼結体の金属不純物含有量が多い場合、図2で示すような明確な極大値は現れない。
第二の態様において、焼結体の180℃の絶縁破壊強度は、焼結体の24℃の絶縁破壊強度の0.85倍以上である。
本発明の静電チャック装置の製造方法は、酸化アルミニウム粒子と炭化ケイ素粒子とを、それぞれ高速で噴射してお互いに衝突させながら混合しスラリーを得る工程と、混合する工程で得られたスラリーから分散媒を除去した後、成形する工程と、得られる成形体を、非酸化性雰囲気下、25MPa以上の圧力で押し固めながら1600℃以上に加熱して加圧焼結する工程と、得られるセラミックス焼結体を研削して基体(載置板11および支持板12)を形成する工程と、を有する。
本発明の静電チャック装置の製造方法では、用いる酸化アルミニウム粒子は、不純物が少ない、すなわり、酸化アルミニウムの含有量が99.99%以上であることが好ましい。このような高純度の酸化アルミニウム粒子は、ミョウバン法を用いることにより調整可能である。ミョウバン法とは、例えば、アンモニウム塩と炭酸水素アンモニウムからアンモニウムドーソナイトを合成し、焼成することで酸化アルミニウム粒子を得る方法である。ミョウバン法を用いて調整した酸化アルミニウム粒子は、例えばバイヤー法を用いて調整した酸化アルミニウム粒子と比べると、金属不純物であるナトリウム原子の含有量を大幅に低減することが可能である。また、所望の純度の酸化アルミニウム粒子が得られるのであれば、種々の方法を採用可能である。
酸化アルミニウム粒子と炭化ケイ素粒子の粒子や比率は任意に選択でき、上述した粒径を好ましく使用することができる。炭化ケイ素粒子は、炭化ケイ素の含有量が99.9%以上であることが好ましい。
加圧焼成する工程においては、まず、好ましくは成形体をモールド等にセットする。その後、上述の成形体を、真空雰囲気(第1の非酸化性雰囲気)において、1600℃よりも低い温度、且つ好ましくは常圧で(プレスすることなく)、加熱(予備加熱)する(成形体の加熱工程C)。このような操作によれば、予備加熱時の温度を適宜設定することにより、混合粒子に含まれるアルカリ金属等の金属不純物が蒸発し、金属不純物を容易に除去できる。そのため、このような操作によれば、混合粒子の純度を向上しやすくなり、基体の体積抵抗値を制御しやすくなる。
予備加熱時間も任意に選択できる。なお必要に応じて、予備加熱において、加圧焼成に使用される圧力より小さな圧力で、プレスを行っても良い。
以下に本発明を実施例により説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
出発原料として、平均粒子径が0.03μmであり熱プラズマCVDで合成されたβ−SiC型の炭化ケイ素(β−SiC)粒子と、平均粒子径が0.1μmであり金属不純物含有量が95ppmの酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)粒子とを用いた。
スクリーン印刷機:MODEL MEC−2400型、ミタニマイクロニクス株式会社製
抵抗率測定装置:西山製作所製
絶縁計:デジタル絶縁計(型式DSM−8103、日置電機株式会社)
温度:室温(24℃)、50℃、100℃、150℃、200℃、250℃、300℃
雰囲気:窒素(純度99.99995%、流量200ml/分)
印加電圧:0.5kV、1kV
スクリーン印刷機を用いて、銀ペースト(NP−4635、株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテッド製)を焼結体の上面及び下面に印刷し、大気中100℃で12時間乾燥させた後、大気中450℃で1時間焼き付け、主電極、ガード電極、対極を形成した。図3は、本実施例で体積固有抵抗値を測定する際の焼結体の様子を示す模式図である。図において、符号100は焼結体、符号110は主電極、符号120はガード電極、符号130は対極を示す。
ρv=S/t×Rv=S/t×V/I …(1)
(S:電極の有効面積(cm2)、t:焼結体の厚み(cm)、Rv:体積抵抗、V:直流電圧(V)、I:電流(A))
出発原料として、平均粒子径が0.03μmであり熱プラズマCVDで合成されたβ−SiC型の炭化ケイ素(β−SiC)粒子と、平均粒子径が0.1μmである酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)粒子とを用いた。β−SiC粒子の金属不純物量は、50ppmであった。また、Al2O3粒子の金属不純物量は、150ppmであった。
焼結体の表面を研削して、厚みが0.5mmとしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、実施例3の試験片を得た。
焼結体の表面を研削して、厚みが0.3mmとしたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、実施例4の試験片を得た。
Al2O3粒子として、金属不純物含有量が800ppm、平均粒子径が0.5μmのものを用いた。成形体に使用される粒子の総量は実施例1や2と同じとした。また、夾雑物を除去した成形体を、室温から焼結温度に至るまで真空雰囲気に曝すことなく、アルゴン雰囲気下で熱処理(焼結)を行ったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、比較例1の焼結体を得た。
出発原料として、平均粒子径が1.0μmであり金属不純物含有量が1500ppmのAl2O3粒子と酸化マグネシウム(MgO)粒子とを用いた。
MgO粒子とAl2O3粒子との全体量に対し、MgO粒子が0.04質量%となるようにAl2O3粒子が99.96質量%となるように、秤量した。MgO粒子4g及びAl2O3粒子9996gを、分散剤が入った蒸留水に投入して16時間混合した。
得られた混合溶液をスプレードライ装置にて噴霧乾燥させ、MgOとAl2O3との混合粒子とした。
本実施例2〜4においては、得られた試験片の絶縁破壊強度を、絶縁破壊試験装置(HAT−300−100RHO、ヤマヨ試験機社製を使用)にて測定した測定値を用いて求めた。
(測定条件)
サンプル周囲媒質:23℃…トランス油、100℃、180℃…シリコーン油
試験環境温度:23℃±2℃
試験環境湿度:50%RH±5%RH
図4は、実施例1の結果を示すグラフ、図5は、比較例1の結果を示すグラフ、図6は参考例1の結果を示すグラフである。図4〜6においては、横軸が測定温度の逆数(単位:K−1)、縦軸が体積固有抵抗値(単位:Ω・cm)を示している。
また、高温加熱時においてもウエハの取り外しが容易な静電チャック装置を容易に製造することが可能な静電チャック装置の製造方法を提供する。
歩留まり良くプラズマ処理の歩留まりを改善可能な静電チャック装置を提供する。
2 静電チャック部
3 温度調節用ベース部
3A 流路
3b 貫通孔
4 接着層
5 ヒータエレメント
6 接着層
7 絶縁板
8 接着剤層
10フォーカスリング
11…載置板(基体)
11a…載置面
11b 突起部
12…支持板(基体)
13…静電吸着用電極
14 絶縁材層
15 給電用端子
15a 碍子
16 貫通孔
17 給電用端子
18 碍子
19 溝
20 温度センサー
21 設置孔
22 温度計測部
23 励起部
24 蛍光検出器
25 制御部
28 ピン挿通孔
29 筒状の碍子
100 焼結体
110 主電極
120 ガード電極
130 対極
W…板状試料
Claims (3)
- 炭化ケイ素粒子および酸化アルミニウム粒子を含むセラミックス粒子の焼結体を形成材料とし、一主面が板状試料を載置する載置面である基体と、
前記基体において前記載置面とは反対側の面、または前記基体の内部に設けられた静電吸着用電極と、を備え、
前記焼結体の180℃の絶縁破壊強度は、前記焼結体の24℃の絶縁破壊強度の0.85倍以上であり、
前記焼結体におけるアルミニウム及びケイ素以外の金属不純物含有量が100ppm以下である静電チャック装置。 - 焼結体に含まれるSiCが、β−SiCであり、かつ、マトリックス材料である酸化アルミニウムの結晶粒に取り囲まれる状態で分散しており、焼結体において、β−SiCの体積比率は、全体の4体積%以上15体積%以下である、
請求項1に記載の静電チャック装置。 - 焼結体において、アルミニウム及びケイ素以外の金属不純物含有量が50ppm以下である、請求項1または2に記載の静電チャック装置。
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