JP2017533307A - 硫黄を基礎とする塩からのポリウレタン触媒 - Google Patents
硫黄を基礎とする塩からのポリウレタン触媒 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2017533307A JP2017533307A JP2017519826A JP2017519826A JP2017533307A JP 2017533307 A JP2017533307 A JP 2017533307A JP 2017519826 A JP2017519826 A JP 2017519826A JP 2017519826 A JP2017519826 A JP 2017519826A JP 2017533307 A JP2017533307 A JP 2017533307A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sulfite
- catalyst
- foam
- polyurethane
- catalyst composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- -1 alkali metal salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- BBLSYMNDKUHQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;sulfite Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])=O BBLSYMNDKUHQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- FDALDWWTCHMERF-UHFFFAOYSA-L tetramethylazanium;sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O.C[N+](C)(C)C.C[N+](C)(C)C FDALDWWTCHMERF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 100
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 97
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 97
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- YOUGRGFIHBUKRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(trimethyl)azanium Chemical group C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 YOUGRGFIHBUKRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- MXTMXRYBYWOAGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(diphenyl)azanium Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 MXTMXRYBYWOAGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- OSWMMVUHYHQYCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabenzylazanium Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C[N+](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OSWMMVUHYHQYCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical group CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical group C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OSBSFAARYOCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropylammonium Chemical group CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC OSBSFAARYOCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZNEOHLHCKGUAEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylphenylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNEOHLHCKGUAEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BZVJOYBTLHNRDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethanamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 BZVJOYBTLHNRDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003444 phase transfer catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- QTVBRFLQPSHVBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1-methylpyridin-1-ium;sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O.C[N+]1=CC=CC=C1.C[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 QTVBRFLQPSHVBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- SEZAJRHNEUWPDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-imidazol-3-ium sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O.c1c[nH+]c[nH]1.c1c[nH+]c[nH]1 SEZAJRHNEUWPDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BPYSESLYQSZUTC-UHFFFAOYSA-L benzyl(trimethyl)azanium;sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O.C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1.C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BPYSESLYQSZUTC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])=O GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010261 calcium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- RQASKKKCNLAJJF-UHFFFAOYSA-L dicesium;sulfite Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]S([O-])=O RQASKKKCNLAJJF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QJGSRNYAKXKSDC-UHFFFAOYSA-L tetrabutylazanium;sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC QJGSRNYAKXKSDC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- SZLRDLFFJKBKNO-UHFFFAOYSA-L tetraethylazanium;sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC SZLRDLFFJKBKNO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- LNIYNESXCOYFPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl(dimethyl)azanium Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 LNIYNESXCOYFPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CWGQOESYOSBCSO-UHFFFAOYSA-L hexadecyl(trimethyl)azanium sulfite Chemical compound S(=O)([O-])[O-].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[N+](C)(C)C.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[N+](C)(C)C CWGQOESYOSBCSO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- JESHZQPNPCJVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;sulfite Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])=O JESHZQPNPCJVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical group CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012970 tertiary amine catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 150000005621 tetraalkylammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical group CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 48
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000013518 molded foam Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 23
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 21
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 21
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 21
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 14
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 13
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 10
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- YSAANLSYLSUVHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCOCCO YSAANLSYLSUVHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 7
- CZMILNXHOAKSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenylazanium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[N+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CZMILNXHOAKSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 6
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- GXVUZYLYWKWJIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanamine Chemical compound NCCOCCN GXVUZYLYWKWJIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-n,n-dimethylethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCOCCN(C)C GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101000575029 Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) 50S ribosomal protein L11 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 102100035793 CD83 antigen Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 101000946856 Homo sapiens CD83 antigen Proteins 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 4
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
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- FZUWYUIYVKESIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,9-dimethyldecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCCCC(O)=O FZUWYUIYVKESIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
Description
本発明の分野
本発明の主題は、硫黄を基礎とする塩、その塩を含む触媒、ポリウレタンフォームを製造するための触媒の使用方法、及び得られたフォームに関する。
本発明の背景
本発明の簡単な概要
ポリウレタンフォームの製造
フレキシブルフォーム:フレキシブル成形フォーム
表I ポリウレタン成分
NCO指数=[NCO/(OH+NH)]・100
触媒
有機イソシアナート
ポリオール成分
発泡剤
他の任意成分
実施例1
第三級アミンゲル化触媒あり又はなしで得られたフォームの動力学データの例
実施例2
亜硫酸ナトリウム水溶液を用いた場合に得られたフォームの動力学データの例
TDI成形フォームを製造するための亜硫酸カリウムの水溶液を用いた場合に得られたフォームの動力学データの例
表3:一般的なTDIフレキシブル成形配合物
表4:多様な触媒の組み合わせについてのフォームの動力学データ
実施例4
MDI成形フォームを製造するための、亜硫酸カリウムの水溶液を用いた場合に得られたフォームの動力学データの例
表5:一般的なMDIフレキシブル成形配合物
表6:多様な触媒の組み合わせを用いたMDIを基礎とするフレキシブル成形フォームについてのフォームの動力学データ
実施例4
ゲル化触媒として亜硫酸カリウムを使用した場合のMDI及びTDIを基礎とするフレキシブル成形フォームの動力学データ及びフォームの物理特性
表7:多様な触媒の組み合わせについて型からのTDIフォームの動力学データ
表8:TDIを基礎とする成形フォームの物理特性
表9:多様な触媒の組み合わせのための型からのMDIフォームの動力学データ
表10:MDIを基礎とする成形フォームの物理特性
亜硫酸水素ナトリウムを用いた場合のフォームの動力学データの比較
表11:NaHSO3によって触媒作用は観察されない
吹付用途で一般的に使用される高い水含有率(低密度)の配合物中でのアミン標準触媒の反応性
表12:低密度の、完全水発泡フォーム配合物
実施例7
吹付用途で一般的に使用される高い水含有率(低密度)配合物中でのスルフィット触媒の性能
表13:標準触媒及び亜硫酸カリウム触媒についてのカップの頂部に達する時間
実施例8
吹付用途で一般的に使用される高い水含有率(低密度)の配合物中でのスルフィット触媒の性能
表14:多様な相間移動触媒の存在での亜硫酸カリウム触媒について、カップの頂部に達する時間
実施例9
多様な相間移動触媒と一緒での、吹付用途で使用される高い水含有率(低密度)の配合物中でのスルフィット触媒の性能
実施例10
多様なアミン触媒と一緒での、吹付用途で使用される高い水含有率(低密度)の配合物中でのスルフィット触媒の性能
表15:イソシアナート反応性基あり及びなしの第三級アミンと一緒に使用した亜硫酸カリウム触媒
実施例11
ポリウレタンフォーム中での硫黄含有率の決定
表16:硫黄分析のために使用される低密度完全水発泡フォーム配合物
表17:フレキシブル成形フォーム中の硫黄含有率
表18:高い水含有率の低密度フォーム中の硫黄含有率
フォーム中の硫黄の量は、約0.02〜約0.6質量%、一般に約0.03〜0.5質量%の範囲に及ぶ。
実施例12
亜硫酸塩触媒を用いる場合のアルデヒドエミッションの低減又は解消
アルデヒド試験用のフォームは、1種以上の第三級アルキルアミンを含むウレタン触媒が添加された一般的なポリウレタン配合物を使用するこの分野で公知の方法に従って従来の方法で製造した。本発明によるポリウレタン配合物中で使用されたポリイソシアナートの量は、制限はないが、一般的に当業者に公知の範囲内にある。例示的な量は、「NCO指数」(イソシアナート指数)を参照して示される表中に表される。当業者に公知のように、NCO指数は、イソシアナートの当量数を活性水素の全当量数により除算し、100を乗算したものとして定義される。NCO指数は、次の式により表される。
NCO指数=[NCO/(OH+NH)]・100
ポリウレタンフォームを製造し、次に示す配合物を用いて慣用の方法で試験した:
アルデヒド試験のためのフレキシブル成形配合物
対照の及びスカベンジャーありのアルデヒドエミッションの結果を表19に示す。
Claims (20)
- 少なくとも1種のスルフィット及び少なくとも1種の第三級アミンを含む触媒組成物。
- 前記スルフィットは、i)M2SO3(式中、Mは、Na、K、Li、Csの群から選択されるアルカリ金属である)、ii)MSO3(式中、Mは、Ca、Mg、Sr、Baの群から選択されるアルカリ土類金属である);及びiii)M2SO3(式中、Mは、一般式R1R2R3R4Nの第四級アンモニウムイオンであり、R1、R2、R3、R4は、線状、分枝状の、複素環を含む基を含む又は含まない、C1〜C18アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、アルキルアリール、置換されたアルキル、アルケニル又はアルキルアリールである)の少なくとも1つの構造式を示す、請求項1に記載の触媒組成物。
- 前記スルフィットは、亜硫酸ナトリウム(Na2SO3)、亜硫酸カリウム(K2SO3)、亜硫酸リチウム(Li2SO3)、亜硫酸セシウム(Cs2SO3)、亜硫酸カルシウム(CaSO3)、亜硫酸マグネシウム(MgSO3)、亜硫酸テトラメチルアンモニウム[(Me4N)2SO3]、亜硫酸テトラエチルアンモニウム[(Et4N)2SO3]、亜硫酸テトラブチルアンモニウム[(Bu4N)2SO3]、亜硫酸トリメチルベンジルアンモニウム[(Me3N−CH2−C6H5)2SO3]、亜硫酸セチルトリメチルアンモニウム[(Me3N−(CH2)14−CH3)2SO3]、亜硫酸N−メチル−ピリジニウム[(Me−C5NH5)2SO3]、及びジアルキルイミダゾリウム亜硫酸塩[(R2C3N2H3)2SO3]からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項2に記載の触媒組成物。
- 前記スルフィットは、式(Xn)m(Ym)n[SO3](m.n+n.m/2)を示し、前記式中、Xは、電荷nを示す金属カチオンであり、Yは、電荷mを示すアルキルアンモニウムイオン又はポリアルキルアンモニウムイオンであり、Xは、Li+、Na+、K+、Cs+、Be2+、Mg2+、Ca2+、及びZn2+の群から選択され、nは、1〜4、好ましくは1〜3の整数であり、かつmは、1〜6の整数である、請求項2に記載の触媒組成物。
- Yは、一般式R1R2R3R4Nの少なくとも1種のアンモニウムカチオンを含む、請求項4に記載の触媒組成物。
- Yは、テトラメチルアンモニウム、テトラエチルアンモニウム、テトラプロピルアンモニウム、テトラブチルアンモニウム、ベンジルトリメチルアンモニウム、ジベンジルジメチルアンモニウム、トリベンジルメチルアンモニウム、テトラベンジルアンモニウム、フェニルトリメチルアンモニウム、ジフェニルジメチルアンモニウム、トリフェニルメチルアンモニウム、テトラフェニルアンモニウム、及びジアルキルイミダゾリウム、トリエチレンジアミンを基礎とする第四級アンモニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項5に記載の触媒組成物。
- 前記スルフィットは、一般式[(Xn)m.w][(Ym)n.z][SO3](m.n+n.m/2)を示し、前記式中、Xは、電荷nを示す金属カチオンであり、Yは、電荷mを示すアルキルアンモニウムイオン又はポリアルキルアンモニウムイオンであり、w及びzは、w+z=2で定義される任意の整数であり、かつn及びmは1〜4の範囲にわたる、請求項2に記載の触媒組成物。
- Xカチオンは、Li+、Na+、K+、Cs+、Be2+、Mg2+、Ca2+、及びZn2+であり;かつYカチオンは、一般式R1R2R3R4Nのアンモニウムカチオンである、請求項7に記載の触媒組成物。
- Yは、テトラメチルアンモニウム、テトラエチルアンモニウム、テトラプロピルアンモニウム、テトラブチルアンモニウム、ベンジルトリメチルアンモニウム、ジベンジルジメチルアンモニウム、トリベンジルメチルアンモニウム、テトラベンジルアンモニウム、フェニルトリメチルアンモニウム、ジフェニルジメチルアンモニウム、トリフェニルメチルアンモニウム、テトラフェニルアンモニウム、ジアルキルイミダゾリウム、及びトリエチレンジアミンを基礎とする第四級アンモニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項8に記載の触媒組成物。
- 前記組成物は、実質的に、アミン不含である、請求項1に記載の触媒組成物。
- 前記組成物は、実質的に、Sn、Hg、Pb、Bi、及びZnを基礎とする金属化合物不含である、請求項1に記載の触媒組成物。
- 少なくとも1種のスルフィット触媒、水、少なくとも1種のポリオール、並びに相間移動触媒、少なくとも1種の第三級アミン触媒、及び少なくとも1種の金属触媒から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、組成物。
- 少なくとも1種のスルフィットを含む触媒の存在で、少なくとも1種のポリオールと少なくとも1種のイソシアナートとを接触させることを含む、ポリウレタンの製造方法。
- 前記触媒は、請求項2の触媒組成物を含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリウレタンはフォームを含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 請求項14に記載の方法により製造されたポリウレタンフォーム。
- 前記フォームは、硫黄約0.02〜約0.6質量%を含む、請求項17に記載のポリウレタンフォーム。
- 前記フォームは、VDA-278に従って測定した場合に、アミンエミッションを示さない、請求項17に記載のポリウレタンフォーム。
- 前記フォームは、アルデヒドエミッションを示さない、請求項17に記載のポリウレタンフォーム。
- i)M2SO3(式中、Mは、一般式R1R2R3R4Nの第四級アンモニウムイオンであり、R1、R2、R3、R4は、線状、分枝状の、複素環を含む基を含むか又は含まない、C1〜C18アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、アルキルアリール、置換されたアルキル、アルケニル又はアルキルアリールである)、ii)式(Xn)m(Ym)n[SO3](m.n+n.m/2)(式中、Xは、電荷nを示す金属カチオンであり、Yは、電荷mを示すアルキルアンモニウムイオン又はポリアルキルアンモニウムイオンであり、Xは、Li+、Na+、K+、Cs+、Be2+、Mg2+、Ca2+、及びZn2+の群から選択され、nは、1〜4;好ましくは1〜3の整数であり、かつmは、1〜6の整数である)を示すスルフィット、及びiii)一般式[(Xn)m.w][(Ym)n.z][SO3](m.n+n.m/2)(式中、Xは、電荷nを示す金属カチオンであり、Yは、電荷mを示すアルキルアンモニウムイオン又はポリアルキルアンモニウムイオンであり、w及びzは、w+z=2で定義される任意の整数であり、かつn及びmは1〜4の範囲に及ぶ)を示すスルフィットからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む触媒組成物。
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