JP2017513861A - 末梢性ニューロパチー及び運動ニューロン疾患の治療方法 - Google Patents
末梢性ニューロパチー及び運動ニューロン疾患の治療方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
冠詞「a」及び「an」は、本明細書では1つ又は1つ超(すなわち少なくとも1つ)の、冠詞の文法上の対象物を指すために使用される。例として「an element」は、1つのエレメント又は1つ超のエレメントを意味する。
本発明は、対象の末梢神経系(PNS)及び/又は中枢神経系(CNS)に分子を送達する戦略に関する。例えばGFPタンパク質等のマーカーを使用することで、本明細書で開示される方法により、組織を画像化し、それにより組織を可視化する可能性がもたらされる。或いは、組織へ治療分子を送達することで、PNS及び/又はCNSの疾患又は障害を治療することができる。
- 一般的に「全身投与」と呼ばれる、静脈内(IV、静脈への)又は動脈内(動脈への)、
- 骨髄が静脈系へ直接流出するため間接的静脈アクセスとなる、骨内注入(骨髄への)、
- 筋肉内(IM)、
- 脳実質への脳内、
- 脊柱管への髄腔内、
- 皮膚の下への皮下(sc)
が含まれる。
a)(輸入又は輸出)血管の管腔内に、溶液中のウイルスベクターを挿入する工程、
b)組織内の血管の透過性を増大させる工程、
c)血管の外側の組織へウイルスベクターを送達する工程
について教示するWO 2005/060746で一般的に開示されている。
- 脚:表在静脈(すなわち大伏在及び小伏在);深部静脈(すなわち大腿、腋窩、前脛骨静脈又は後脛骨静脈);動脈(すなわち大腿、深部大腿、腋窩、前脛骨動脈又は後脛骨動脈)経由、
- 腕:表在静脈(すなわち指、中手、橈側皮、尺側皮、前腕正中皮静脈);深部静脈(すなわち指、中手、橈骨、尺骨、上腕静脈);動脈(上腕、橈骨及び尺骨動脈及び分枝)経由
で注射可能である。
- 生物的機能性タンパク質又はその活性断片。当技術分野で理解されるように、活性断片は、全長配列の生物的機能を維持している、全長配列の部分又は複数の部分である、
- 前記タンパク質又は断片をコードする単離された核酸配列、すなわちヌードの又は発現ベクターに含有される導入遺伝子。より一般的には、これは本明細書で開示されるペプチドに対し実質的な相同性を有するペプチドをコードする単離された核酸であってよい。好ましくは、本発明のペプチドをコードする単離された核酸のヌクレオチド配列は、前記タンパク質又は断片をコードする単離された核酸のヌクレオチド配列に対し「実質的に同一である」、つまり、約60%同一であり、より好ましくは約70%同一であり、更により好ましくは約80%同一であり、より好ましくは約90%同一であり、更により好ましくは約95%同一であり、更により好ましくは約99%同一である、
- 天然のタンパク質における不完全性を修正することができる単離された核酸配列、例えばエキソンのスキッピング/インクルージョンを誘導するか、遺伝子発現をサイレンシングするアンチセンスRNA(siRNA、shRNA)、マイクロRNA(miRNA)、その他のRNA及びDNA断片。
- ポリアデニル化シグナル、例えば、有利には目的の配列の3'における、目的の遺伝子のポリA、SV40又はβヘモグロビン(HBB2)のポリA、
- 転写物安定化のための配列、例えばヘモグロビン(HBB2)のイントロン1、
- エンハンサー配列、
- miRNA標的配列
である。
- シャルコー・マリー・トゥースニューロパチー:PMP22、GJB1、MPZ、LITAF、EGR2、NEFL、GAN1、KIF1B、MFN2、TRPV4、GDAP1、DYNC1H1、RSAM1、GNB4、HSPB1、HSPB3、HSPB8、GARS、YARS、AARS、HARS、KARS、MTMR2、MTMR13、RAB7、SPTLC1、SPTLC2、DNM2、PDK3、SH3TC2、NDRG1、PRX、HK1、FGD4、FIG4、CTDP1、LMNA、MED25、PRPS1、FBLN5、INF2、BSCL2、DCTN1、SLC5A7、SETX、REEP1、IGHMPB2、ATP7A、
- 運動ニューロン疾患:SMN1、SOD1、TARDBP、FUS、C9ORF72、SETX、VAPB、ANG、FIG4、OPTN、VCP、alsin、spatacsin、UBQLN2、SIGMAR1、DCTN1
がある。
本発明は、以下の実験例を参照することにより更に詳細に記載される。これらの例は例示のためだけに示され、別に指定されない限り、限定なものであると意図されるものではない。
動物
XLMTMイヌについては、以前に記載されている(Beggsら、2010、Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107(33):14697〜702頁)。罹患したオスを、記載の通りにポリメラーゼ連鎖反応ベースのジェノタイピングにより特定した。
デスミンプロモーターにより調節されるイヌミオチューブラリンcDNAを含む、組換えアデノ随伴ウイルスベクター、rAAV2/8-pDesmin-MTM1canine(rAAV8-MTM1と呼ぶ)をバキュロウイルス/Sf9系で作り出した。2つのバキュロウイルスバッチを作り出し、1つはrep及びcapAAV遺伝子を発現し、2つ目はヒトデスミンプロモーター(pDesmin)の下流にイヌMTM1cDNA(XM850116、NCBI)を有していた。昆虫Sf9細胞をバキュロウイルスで二重感染させた後、rAAV-MTM1ベクター粒子を作り出し、AVBアフィニティークロマトグラフィーカラム(GE Healthcare社、AVB Sepharose high performance)を使用して全細胞培養物より精製した。vg/mLでの濃度を、上記のようにDNase抵抗性粒子より決定した。rAAVベクターに対し、無菌及び純度試験(Yuasaら、2007、Gene Ther 14(17):1249〜60頁)を含む、その他の通常の品質管理アッセイを行った。
麻酔下のXLMTMイヌにおいて、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)中で希釈したベクターrAAV8-MTM1(2.5x1013vg/kg)を、記載の通りに止血帯に対し、加圧下で(300torr)遠位伏在静脈に注入した(Petrovら、2011、Methods Mol Biol 709:277〜86頁;Arrudaら、2010、Blood 115(23):4678〜88頁)。一時的に止血帯を鼠径部のレベルに配置し、超音波によって大腿脈拍がもう検出されなくなるまで、標的の四肢への血液流入を一時的に遮断するように調節した。四肢の血液を排除するように遠位から近位方向に伸張性のラップをきつく装着した後に、止血帯を締めた。ベクターを、後肢の総体積(水体積置換により決定)の20%のPBS中に懸濁させ、足の背側の末梢伏在静脈の遠位分枝中に配置した14ゲージのカテーテルを介して投与した。止血帯を、合計15分間(注入前10分間及び注入中5分間)締めた。一方の後肢にはベクターを注入したが、対側の後肢には注入しなかった。
二倍体ゲノム(dg)あたりのベクターゲノム(vg)数を、7900HTサーマルサイクラー(Applied Biosystem社、France)を使用するTaqmanリアルタイムPCRにより、総DNA80ngから定量した。イヌβグルクロニダーゼ遺伝子を標準化に使用した。ベクターゲノム(MTM1)増幅に使用したプライマーは、
5'-ATAAGTTTTGGACATAAGTTTGC-3'(フォワード;配列番号1)、
5'-CATTTGCCATACACAATCAA-3'(リバース;配列番号2)、及び
5'-CGACGCTGACCGGTCTCCT-3'(プローブ;配列番号3)
であった。
βグルクロニダーゼ増幅に使用したプライマー及びプローブは、
5'-ACGCTGATTGCTCACACCAA-3'(フォワード;配列番号4)、
5'-CCCCAGGTCTGCTTCATAGTTG-3'(リバース;配列番号5)、及び
5'-CCCGGCCCGTGACCTTTGTGA-3'(プローブ;配列番号6)(Applied Biosystem社)
であった。
AAV8ベクターの局部領域的注入により、末梢神経における形質導入の増大が引き起こされる
9週齢のXLMTMイヌの左の後肢の上部に止血帯を配置し、rAAV8-Des-cMTM1ベクター(2.5x1013vg/kg)を、伏在静脈を介して加圧下で注射した。
- 注入された後肢の坐骨神経では16コピー、
- 注入されなかった後肢の対側の坐骨神経では1.8コピー
であることが明らかになった。
並行実験において、2頭のイヌに、同量のrAAV8-Des-cMTM1ベクター(2.5x1013vg/kg)を、伏在静脈における注射により全身投与した。坐骨神経において、ベクターコピーが1.8〜5しか検出されなかった。
Claims (16)
- 対象の末梢神経系(PNS)及び/又は中枢神経系(CNS)への、診断又は治療分子の送達における使用のための前記分子を含む組成物であって、
アデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)ベクターを含み、
血管透過性を増大させる条件下で血管内経路により投与される組成物。 - 加圧下で血管内経路により投与される、請求項1に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- 静脈内注射により投与される、請求項1又は2に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- 対象の四肢の血管に投与される、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- 分子が、化学分子、タンパク質、抗体、核酸配列からなる群から選択される、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- 治療分子が末梢神経系(PNS)及び/又は中枢神経系(CNS)の疾患の治療用である、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- 疾患が末梢性ニューロパチー又は運動ニューロン疾患である、請求項6に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- 疾患が、シャルコー・マリー・トゥース(CMT)ニューロパチー、脊髄性筋萎縮症(SMA)、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)、脱髄型CMT(AD-CMT1及びCMT4型)、軸索型CMT(AD-CMT2及びAR-CMT2型)、中間型CMT(DI-CMT型)、X連鎖性CMT(D-CMTX及びR-CMTX型)、CMT「プラス」、dHMN(AD-HMN、R-HMN、X-HMN型)からなる群において選択される、請求項6又は7に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- AAVベクターが核酸配列を含有する、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- 核酸配列が、PNS及び/又はCNSの疾患に関与する治療タンパク質又はその活性断片をコードする、請求項9に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- 核酸配列が、PMP22、GJB1、MPZ、LITAF、EGR2、NEFL、GAN1、KIF1B、MFN2、TRPV4、GDAP1、DYNC1H1、RSAM1、GNB4、HSPB1、HSPB3、HSPB8、GARS、YARS、AARS、HARS、KARS、MTMR2、MTMR13、RAB7、SPTLC1、SPTLC2、DNM2、PDK3、SH3TC2、NDRG1、PRX、HK1、FGD4、FIG4、CTDP1、LMNA、MED25、PRPS1、FBLN5、INF2、BSCL2、DCTN1、SLC5A7、SETX、REEP1、IGHMPB2、ATP7A、SMN1、SOD1、TARDBP、FUS、C9ORF72、SETX、VAPB、ANG、FIG4、OPTN、VCP、alsin、spatacsin、UBQLN2、SIGMAR1、DCTN1、ミオチューブラリン(MTM1)ファミリー、特にMTMR2及びMTMR13からなる群において選択されるタンパク質をコードする、請求項10に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- ウイルスベクターが、AAV1、AAV2、AAV3、AAV4、AAV5、AAV6、AAV7、AAV8、AAV9、AAV10、AAV11、AAV12又は操作された人工のAAVセロタイプからなる群から選択されるセロタイプを有する天然AAVベクターである、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- AAVベクターがAAV8ベクターである、請求項12に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- 対象が哺乳類、有利にはイヌ又はヒトである、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- 組成物の1回の投与を含む、請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載のその使用のための組成物。
- 請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の組成物、及び血管透過性を増大させるのに特化した少なくとも1つの材料、有利には止血帯系を含むキット。
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