JP2016513663A - 神経刺激性ステロイドおよびその使用方法 - Google Patents
神経刺激性ステロイドおよびその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2013年3月13日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/779,735号に基づいて、米国特許法§119(e)の下で優先権を主張し、参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる。
R1は、置換または非置換の脂肪族であり;
R2は、水素、ハロゲン、置換または非置換のC1〜6アルキル、置換または非置換のシクロプロピルまたは−ORA2であり、RA2は、水素であるか、または置換または非置換のアルキルであり;
R3aは、水素または−ORA3であり、RA3は、水素であるか、または置換または非置換のアルキルであり、R3bは、水素であるか;またはR3aおよびR3bが接続してオキソ(=O)基を形成し;
R4は、水素、置換または非置換のアルキルまたはハロゲンであり;
Xは、−C(RX)2−または−O−であり、RXは、水素またはフッ素であるか、または1個のRX基とR5bが接続して二重結合を形成し;
それぞれの場合のR5aおよびR5bは、独立して、水素またはフッ素であり;
R6aは、置換および非置換のアルキル基、置換および非置換のアルケニル基、置換および非置換のアルキニル基、置換および非置換のカルボシクリル基、置換および非置換のヘテロシクリル基、置換および非置換のアリール基および置換および非置換のヘテロアリール基からなる群から選択される水素ではない基であり、水素ではない基は、場合により、フッ素で置換されており;
R6bは、水素であるか、または場合によりフッ素で置換された、置換または非置換のアルキル基であり;
さらに、但し、
(1)RX、R5aおよびR5bの少なくとも1つはフッ素であるか;または
(2)R6aおよびR6bの少なくとも1つは、フッ素で置換された、水素ではない基であるか;または
(3)R6aは、2〜10個の炭素原子を含む、水素ではない基である]
およびその医薬的に許容され得る塩が提供される。
化学的な定義
具体的な官能基および化学用語の定義を以下にさらに詳細に記載する。化学元素を、Periodic Table of the Elements、CAS version、Handbook of Chemistry and Physics、75th Ed.の内側のカバーに従って特定し、具体的な官能基は、一般的に、ここに記載されるように定義される。さらに、有機化学の一般的な原理および具体的な官能性部分および反応性は、Thomas Sorrell、Organic Chemistry、University Science Books、Sausalito、1999;Smith and March March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry、5th Edition、John Wiley & Sons,Inc.、New York、2001;Larock、Comprehensive Organic Transformations、VCH Publishers,Inc.、New York、1989;およびCarruthers、Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis、3rd Edition、Cambridge University Press、Cambridge、1987に記載される。
式中、R56およびR57の1つは、水素であってもよく、R56およびR57の少なくとも1つは、それぞれ独立して、C1〜C8アルキル、C1〜C8ハロアルキル、4〜10員環のヘテロシクリル、アルカノイル、C1〜C8アルコキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アルキルアミノ、アリールアミノ、ヘテロアリールアミノ、NR58COR59、NR58SOR59 NR58SO2R59、COOアルキル、COOアリール、CONR58R59、CONR58OR59、NR58R59、SO2NR58R59、S−アルキル、SOアルキル、SO2アルキル、Sアリール、SOアリール、SO2アリールから選択されるか;またはR56およびR57が合わさって、場合により、N、OまたはSの群から選択される1個またはそれを超えるヘテロ原子を含む、5〜8個の原子の環状環(飽和または不飽和)を形成してもよい。R60およびR61は、独立して、水素、C1〜C8アルキル、C1〜C4ハロアルキル、C3〜C10シクロアルキル、4〜10員環のヘテロシクリル、C6〜C10アリール、置換C6〜C10アリール、5〜10員環のヘテロアリールまたは置換5〜10員環のヘテロアリールである。
または、炭素原子上の2個のジェミナル水素が、=O、=S、=NN(Rbb)2、=NNRbbC(=O)Raa、=NNRbbC(=O)ORaa、=NNRbbS(=O)2Raa、=NRbbまたは=NORccの基と置き換わっており;
それぞれの場合のRaaは、独立して、C1〜10アルキル、C1〜10ペルハロアルキル、C2〜10アルケニル、C2〜10アルキニル、C3〜10カルボシクリル、3〜14員環のヘテロシクリル、C6〜14アリールおよび5〜14員環のヘテロアリールから選択されるか、または2個のRaa基が接続し、3〜14員環のヘテロシクリルまたは5〜14員環のヘテロアリール環を形成し、それぞれのアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールは、独立して、0、1、2、3、4または5個のRdd基で置換されており;
それぞれの場合のRbbは、独立して、水素、−OH、−ORaa、−N(Rcc)2、−CN、−C(=O)Raa、−C(=O)N(Rcc)2、−CO2Raa、−SO2Raa、−C(=NRcc)ORaa、−C(=NRcc)N(Rcc)2、−SO2N(Rcc)2、−SO2Rcc、−SO2ORcc、−SORaa、−C(=S)N(Rcc)2、−C(=O)SRcc、−C(=S)SRcc、−P(=O)2Raa、−P(=O)(Raa)2、−P(=O)2N(Rcc)2、−P(=O)(NRcc)2、C1〜10アルキル、C1〜10ペルハロアルキル、C2〜10アルケニル、C2〜10アルキニル、C3〜10カルボシクリル、3〜14員環のヘテロシクリル、C6〜14アリールおよび5〜14員環のヘテロアリールから選択されるか、または2個のRbb基が接続して3〜14員環のヘテロシクリルまたは5〜14員環のヘテロアリール環を形成し、それぞれのアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールは、独立して、0、1、2、3、4または5個のRdd基で置換されており;
それぞれの場合のRccは、独立して、水素、C1〜10アルキル、C1〜10ペルハロアルキル、C2〜10アルケニル、C2〜10アルキニル、C3〜10カルボシクリル、3〜14員環のヘテロシクリル、C6〜14アリールおよび5〜14員環のヘテロアリールから選択されるか、または2個のRcc基が接続して3〜14員環のヘテロシクリルまたは5〜14員環のヘテロアリール環を形成し、それぞれのアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールは、独立して、0、1、2、3、4または5個のRdd基で置換されており;
それぞれの場合のRddは、独立して、ハロゲン、−CN、−NO2、−N3、−SO2H、−SO3H、−OH、−ORee、−ON(Rff)2、−N(Rff)2、−N(Rff)3 +X−、−N(ORee)Rff、−SH、−SRee、−SSRee、−C(=O)Ree、−CO2H、−CO2Ree、−OC(=O)Ree、−OCO2Ree、−C(=O)N(Rff)2、−OC(=O)N(Rff)2、−NRffC(=O)Ree、−NRffCO2Ree、−NRffC(=O)N(Rff)2、−C(=NRff)ORee、−OC(=NRff)Ree、−OC(=NRff)ORee、−C(=NRff)N(Rff)2、−OC(=NRff)N(Rff)2、−NRffC(=NRff)N(Rff)2、−NRffSO2Ree、−SO2N(Rff)2、−SO2Ree、−SO2ORee、−OSO2Ree、−S(=O)Ree、−Si(Ree)3、−OSi(Ree)3、−C(=S)N(Rff)2、−C(=O)SRee、−C(=S)SRee、−SC(=S)SRee、−P(=O)2Ree、−P(=O)(Ree)2、−OP(=O)(Ree)2、−OP(=O)(ORee)2、C1〜6アルキル、C1〜6ペルハロアルキル、C2〜6アルケニル、C2〜6アルキニル、C3〜10カルボシクリル、3〜10員環のヘテロシクリル、C6〜10アリール、5〜10員環のヘテロアリールから選択され、それぞれのアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールは、独立して、0、1、2、3、4または5個のRgg基で置換されているか、または2個のジェミナルRdd置換基が接続して=Oまたは=Sを形成してもよく;
それぞれの場合のReeは、独立して、C1〜6アルキル、C1〜6ペルハロアルキル、C2〜6アルケニル、C2〜6アルキニル、C3〜10カルボシクリル、C6〜10アリール、3〜10員環のヘテロシクリルおよび3〜10員環のヘテロアリールから選択され、それぞれのアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールは、独立して、0、1、2、3、4または5個のRgg基で置換され;
それぞれの場合のRffは、独立して、水素、C1〜6アルキル、C1〜6ペルハロアルキル、C2〜6アルケニル、C2〜6アルキニル、C3〜10カルボシクリル、3〜10員環のヘテロシクリル、C6〜10アリールおよび5〜10員環のヘテロアリールから選択されるか、または2個のRff基が接続して3〜14員環のヘテロシクリルまたは5〜14員環のヘテロアリール環を形成し、それぞれのアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールは、独立して、0、1、2、3、4または5個のRgg基で置換され;
それぞれの場合のRggは、独立して、ハロゲン、−CN、−NO2、−N3、−SO2H、−SO3H、−OH、−OC1〜6アルキル、−ON(C1〜6アルキル)2、−N(C1〜6アルキル)2、−N(C1〜6アルキル)3 +X−、−NH(C1〜6アルキル)2 +X−、−NH2(C1〜6アルキル)+X−、−NH3 +X−、−N(OC1〜6アルキル)(C1〜6アルキル)、−N(OH)(C1〜6アルキル)、−NH(OH)、−SH、−SC1〜6アルキル、−SS(C1〜6アルキル)、−C(=O)(C1〜6アルキル)、−CO2H、−CO2(C1〜6アルキル)、−OC(=O)(C1〜6アルキル)、−OCO2(C1〜6アルキル)、−C(=O)NH2、−C(=O)N(C1〜6アルキル)2、−OC(=O)NH(C1〜6アルキル)、−NHC(=O)(C1〜6アルキル)、−N(C1〜6アルキル)C(=O)(C1〜6アルキル)、−NHCO2(C1〜6アルキル)、−NHC(=O)N(C1〜6アルキル)2、−NHC(=O)NH(C1〜6アルキル)、−NHC(=O)NH2、−C(=NH)O(C1〜6アルキル)、−OC(=NH)(C1〜6アルキル)、−OC(=NH)OC1〜6アルキル、−C(=NH)N(C1〜6アルキル)2、−C(=NH)NH(C1〜6アルキル)、−C(=NH)NH2、−OC(=NH)N(C1〜6アルキル)2、−OC(NH)NH(C1〜6アルキル)、−OC(NH)NH2、−NHC(NH)N(C1〜6アルキル)2、−NHC(=NH)NH2、−NHSO2(C1〜6アルキル)、−SO2N(C1〜6アルキル)2、−SO2NH(C1〜6アルキル)、−SO2NH2、−SO2C1〜6アルキル、−SO2OC1〜6アルキル、−OSO2C1〜6アルキル、−SOC1〜6アルキル、−Si(C1〜6アルキル)3、−OSi(C1〜6アルキル)3 −C(=S)N(C1〜6アルキル)2、C(=S)NH(C1〜6アルキル)、C(=S)NH2、−C(=O)S(C1〜6アルキル)、−C(=S)SC1〜6アルキル、−SC(=S)SC1〜6アルキル、−P(=O)2(C1〜6アルキル)、−P(=O)(C1〜6アルキル)2、−OP(=O)(C1〜6アルキル)2、−OP(=O)(OC1〜6アルキル)2、C1〜6アルキル、C1〜6ペルハロアルキル、C2〜6アルケニル、C2〜6アルキニル、C3〜10カルボシクリル、C6〜10アリール、3〜10員環のヘテロシクリル、5〜10員環のヘテロアリールであるか;または2個のジェミナルRgg置換基が接続して=Oまたは=Sを形成してもよく;X−は、対イオンである。
用語「医薬的に許容され得る塩」は、妥当な医学的判断の範囲内にあり、過度の毒性、刺激、アレルギー応答などがなく、合理的な利益/リスク比を有し、ヒトおよびより下等の動物の組織と接触させて使用するのに適した塩を指す。医薬的に許容され得る塩は、当該技術分野でよく知られている。例えば、Bergeらは、J.Pharmaceutical Sciences(1977)66:1−19に、医薬的に許容され得る塩を詳細に記載する。本発明の化合物の医薬的に許容され得る塩は、適切な無機および有機の酸および塩基から誘導されるものを含む。医薬的に許容され得る非毒性の酸付加塩の例は、無機酸(例えば、塩酸、臭化水素酸、リン酸、硫酸および過塩素酸)または有機酸(例えば、酢酸、シュウ酸、マレイン酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、コハク酸またはマロン酸)とのアミノ基の塩、またはイオン交換のような当該技術分野で使用される他の方法を用いることによって得られる塩である。他の医薬的に許容され得る塩としては、アジピン酸塩、アルギン酸塩、アスコルビン酸塩、アスパラギン酸塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸塩、安息香酸塩、硫酸水素塩、ホウ酸塩、ブタン酸塩、カンファー酸塩、カンファースルホン酸塩、クエン酸塩、シクロペンタンプロピオン酸塩、ジグルコン酸塩、ドデシル硫酸塩、エタンスルホン酸塩、ギ酸塩、フマル酸塩、グルコヘプトン酸塩、グリセロリン酸塩、グルコン酸塩、ヘミ硫酸塩、ヘプタン酸塩、ヘキサン酸塩、ヨウ化水素酸塩、2−ヒドロキシ−エタンスルホン酸塩、ラクトビオン酸塩、乳酸塩、ラウリン酸塩、ラウリル硫酸塩、リンゴ酸塩、マレイン酸塩、マロン酸塩、メタンスルホン酸塩、2−ナフタレンスルホン酸塩、ニコチン酸塩、硝酸塩、オレイン酸塩、シュウ酸塩、パルミチン酸塩、パモ酸塩、ペクチン酸塩、過硫酸塩、3−フェニルプロピオン酸塩、リン酸塩、ピクリン酸塩、ピバル酸塩、プロピオン酸塩、ステアリン酸塩、コハク酸塩、硫酸塩、酒石酸塩、チオシアン酸塩、p−トルエンスルホン酸塩、ウンデカン酸塩、バレル酸塩などが挙げられる。適切な塩基から誘導される医薬的に許容され得る塩としては、アルカリ金属塩、アルカリ土類金属塩、アンモニウム塩およびN+(C1〜4アルキル)4塩が挙げられる。代表的なアルカリ金属塩またはアルカリ土類金属塩としては、ナトリウム、リチウム、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウムなどが挙げられる。さらに医薬的に許容され得る塩としては、適切な場合、対イオン(例えば、ハロゲン化物、水酸化物、カルボキシレート、サルフェート、ホスフェート、硝酸、低級アルキルスルホネートおよびアリールスルホネート)から作られる、非毒性アンモニウム、四級アンモニウムおよびアミンカチオンが挙げられる。
本発明の本願発明者らは、NMDA調整のためのOrg−1類似体の探求の真っ最中に、本明細書に参考として組み込まれるPCT/US2012/054261に記載されるものの一部から、比較的優れた特性を有するNMDAモジュレーターを与えるいくつかの具体的な要素の組み合わせを発見した。例えば、表1に示されるように、C5にβ−水素を有する化合物は、NMDA受容体の増強作用がないことに起因して、C5にα−水素またはC5〜C6に二重結合を有する化合物と比較して、望ましくない。C21でのメチルの除去によっても、NMDA受容体の増強作用の顕著な消失が生じる。C3での二置換は、これらの化合物の代謝安定性を高めると予想され、従って、本発明の好ましい特徴である。C17側鎖でのフッ素化は、1μM程度の濃度の化合物で試験される場合、NMDA受容体の効能を高め、最大増強作用を制限することが示されている。C17側鎖にある二級または三級の末端アルコールは、1μM程度の濃度の化合物で試験される場合、NMDA受容体の効能を高め、最大増強作用を制限することが示されており、従って、本発明の好ましい特徴であり、末端に2〜3個の炭素を含むより嵩高い基、またはフッ素置換基を含む基が好ましい。このような特性は、NMDA受容体のより大きな最大増強作用を達成する化合物に対し、グルタメートによって引き起こされる神経毒性を誘発する危険性を制限すると予想される。本発明の化合物は、優れたNMDAモジュレーターを与えるこれらの特定の特徴の種々の組み合わせを包含する。
一態様では、式(I)の化合物:
R1は、置換または非置換の脂肪族であり;
R2は、水素、ハロゲン、置換または非置換のC1〜6アルキル、置換または非置換のシクロプロピルまたは−ORA2であり、RA2は、水素であるか、または置換または非置換のアルキルであり;
R3aは、水素または−ORA3であり、RA3は、水素であるか、または置換または非置換のアルキルであり、R3bは、水素であるか;またはR3aおよびR3bが接続してオキソ(=O)基を形成し;
R4は、水素、置換または非置換のアルキルまたはハロゲンであり;
Xは、−C(RX)2−または−O−であり、RXは、水素またはフッ素であるか、または1個のRX基とR5bが接続して二重結合を形成し;
それぞれの場合のR5aおよびR5bは、独立して、水素またはフッ素であり;
R6aは、置換および非置換のアルキル基、置換および非置換のアルケニル基、置換および非置換のアルキニル基、置換および非置換のカルボシクリル基、置換および非置換のヘテロシクリル基、置換および非置換のアリール基および置換および非置換のヘテロアリール基からなる群から選択される水素ではない基であり、水素ではない基は、場合により、フッ素で置換されており;
R6bは、水素であるか、または場合によりフッ素で置換された、置換または非置換のアルキル基であり;
さらに、但し、
(1)RX、R5aおよびR5bの少なくとも1つはフッ素であるか;または
(2)R6aおよびR6bの少なくとも1つは、フッ素で置換された、水素ではない基であるか;または
(3)R6aは、2〜10個の炭素原子を含む、水素ではない基である]
およびその医薬的に許容され得る塩が本明細書で提供される。
本明細書で一般的に定義されるように、R1は、置換または非置換の脂肪族、すなわち、置換または非置換のアルキル、置換または非置換のアルケニル、置換または非置換のアルキニルまたは置換または非置換のカルボシクリルである。
本明細書に一般的に定義されるように、R2は、水素、ハロゲン、置換または非置換のC1〜6アルキル、置換または非置換のシクロプロピルまたは−ORA2であり、RA2は、水素であるか、または置換または非置換のアルキルである。特定の実施形態では、R2は、水素である。特定の実施形態では、R2は、ハロゲン、例えば、フルオロ、クロロ、ブロモまたはヨードである。特定の実施形態では、R2は、フルオロまたはクロロである。特定の実施形態では、R2は、置換または非置換のC1〜6アルキル、例えば、置換または非置換のC1〜2アルキル、置換または非置換のC2〜3アルキル、置換または非置換のC3〜4アルキル、置換または非置換のC4〜5アルキルまたは置換または非置換のC5〜6アルキルである。特定の実施形態では、R2は、−CH3、−CH2CH3、−CH2CH2CH3、またはシクロプロピルである。特定の実施形態では、R2は、−ORA2である。特定の実施形態では、RA2は、水素である。特定の実施形態では、RA2は、置換または非置換のアルキル、例えば、置換または非置換のC1〜6アルキル、置換または非置換のC1〜2アルキル、置換または非置換のC2〜3アルキル、置換または非置換のC3〜4アルキル、置換または非置換のC4〜5アルキルまたは置換または非置換のC5〜6アルキルである。特定の実施形態では、RA2は、水素、−CH3、−CH2CH3または−CH2CH2CH3であり、すなわち、式−OH、−OCH3、−OCH2CH3または−OCH2CH2CH3のR2基を与えるものである。特定の実施形態では、R2は、α配座の水素ではない置換基である。特定の実施形態では、R2は、β配座の水素ではない置換基である。
本明細書に一般的に定義されるように、Xは、−C(RX)2−または−O−であり、RXは、水素またはフッ素であるか、または1個のRX基とR5bが接続して二重結合を形成し;それぞれのR5aおよびR5bは、独立して、水素またはフッ素であり;R6aは、置換および非置換のアルキル、置換および非置換のアルケニル、置換および非置換のアルキニル、置換および非置換のカルボシクリル、置換および非置換のヘテロシクリル、置換および非置換のアリールおよび置換および非置換のヘテロアリール基からなる群から選択される、水素ではない基であり、水素ではない基は、場合により、フッ素で置換されており;R6bは、水素であるか、または場合によりフッ素で置換された置換または非置換のアルキル基であり;但し、(1)RX、R5aおよびR5bの少なくとも1つはフッ素であるか;または(2)R6aおよびR6bの少なくとも1つが、フッ素で置換された、水素ではない基であるか;または(3)R6aは、2〜10個の炭素原子を含む、水素ではない基である。
特定の実施形態の種々の組み合わせが、さらに本明細書で想定される。
別の態様では、本発明は、医薬的に許容され得る担体と、有効な量の式(I)の化合物とを含む、医薬組成物を提供する。
式(I)の化合物およびその医薬的に許容され得る塩は、本明細書に記載されるように、一般的に、NMDA機能を調整するように設計され、従って、被検体におけるCNSに関連する状態の処置および予防のための神経刺激性ステロイドとして作用する。調整は、本明細書で使用される場合、NMDA受容体機能の阻害または増強を指す。特定の実施形態では、式(I)の化合物またはその医薬的に許容され得る塩は、NMDAのネガティブなアロステリックモジュレーター(NAM)として作用してもよく、NMDA受容体の機能を阻害してもよい。特定の実施形態では、式(I)の化合物またはその医薬的に許容され得る塩は、NMDAのポジティブなアロステリックモジュレーター(PAM)として作用してもよく、NMDA受容体の機能を増強してもよい。
本明細書に提供される化合物は、以下の一般的な方法および手順を用い、容易に入手可能な出発物質から調製することができる。典型的または好ましい処理条件(すなわち、反応温度、時間、反応剤のモル比、溶媒、圧力など)が与えられ、特に述べられていない限り、他の処理条件を使用することもできることが理解される。最適な反応条件は、使用される特定の反応剤または溶媒によってさまざまであってもよいが、このような条件は、通常の最適化によって当業者が決定することができる。
実施例1
実施例2
実施例3
実施例4
実施例5
実施例6
実施例7
実施例8
実施例9
実施例10
実施例11
本発明の化合物を、文献に記載する種々のin vitroアッセイおよびin vivoアッセイを用いて評価することができ、その例を以下に記載する。
NMDA受容体を発現した哺乳動物細胞の全細胞パッチクランプ、またはNMDA受容体を発現するXenopus Laevis卵母細胞の2電極型電圧クランプ(TEVC)を用い、NMDA増強作用を評価した。
全細胞パッチクランプ技術を使用し、化合物(0.1mMおよび1.0mM)が、HEK細胞で発現するNMDA受容体(GRIN1/GRIN2Aサブユニット)に与える効果を観察した。NMDA/グリシンピークおよび定常状態の電流を、NMDA受容体を発現する安定にトランスフェクトされた細胞から記録し、これらの電流に対する試験物の制御効果を観察した。結果を表1に示す。
Xenopus卵母細胞で発現するNMDA受容体(GRIN1/GRIN2A)に対する化合物(10μM)の効果を観察するために、2電極型電圧クランプ(TEVC)技術を用いた。グルタメート/グリシンピークおよび定常状態の電流を、NMDA受容体を発現する卵母細胞から記録し、これらの電流に対する試験物の制御効果を観察した。結果を表2に示す。
特許請求の範囲の冠詞において、例えば、「1つの(a)」、「1つの(an)」および「その(the)」は、矛盾する内容が示されていない限り、または内容から明らかではない限り、1個または1個より多いことを意味するだろう。群の1個またはそれを超えるメンバー間に「または」を含む特許請求の範囲または記載は、矛盾する内容が示されていない限り、または内容から明らかではない限り、1個、1個より多く、またはすべての群のメンバーが、所与の生成物またはプロセスに存在するか、使用されるか、または何らかの関連がある場合に充足されると考えられる。本発明は、実際に、その群の1つのメンバーが、所与の生成物またはプロセスに存在するか、使用されるか、または何らかの関連がある実施形態を含む。本発明は、1個より多く、またはすべての群のメンバーが、所与の生成物またはプロセスに存在するか、使用されるか、または何らかの関連がある実施形態を含む。
Claims (41)
- 式(I)の化合物:
R1は、置換または非置換の脂肪族であり;
R2は、水素、ハロゲン、置換または非置換のC1〜6アルキル、置換または非置換のシクロプロピルあるいは−ORA2であり、RA2は、水素であるか、あるいは置換または非置換のアルキルであり;
R3aは、水素または−ORA3であり、RA3は、水素であるか、または置換または非置換のアルキルであり、R3bは、水素であるか;またはR3aおよびR3bが接続してオキソ(=O)基を形成し;
R4は、水素、置換または非置換のアルキルまたはハロゲンであり;
Xは、−C(RX)2−または−O−であり、RXは、水素またはフッ素であるか、または1個のRX基とR5bが接続して二重結合を形成し;
それぞれの場合のR5aおよびR5bは、独立して、水素またはフッ素であり;
R6aは、置換および非置換のアルキル基、置換および非置換のアルケニル基、置換および非置換のアルキニル基、置換および非置換のカルボシクリル基、置換および非置換のヘテロシクリル基、置換および非置換のアリール基ならびに置換および非置換のヘテロアリール基からなる群から選択される水素ではない基であり、水素ではない基は、場合により、フッ素で置換されており;
R6bは、水素であるか、または場合によりフッ素で置換された、置換または非置換のアルキル基であり;
さらに、但し、
(1)RX、R5aおよびR5bの少なくとも1つはフッ素であるか;または
(2)R6aおよびR6bの少なくとも1つは、フッ素で置換された、水素ではない基であるか;または
(3)R6aは、2〜10個の炭素原子を含む、水素ではない基である]
またはその医薬的に許容され得る塩。 - R1が、非置換のC1〜3アルキルである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R1が、−CH3、−CH2CH3または−CH2CH2CH3である、請求項2に記載の化合物。
- R2が水素である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R3aおよびR3bが両方とも水素である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R4が水素である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R1が−CH3または−CH2CH3である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6bが−CH3である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R5aおよびR5bが両方とも水素である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R5aおよびR5bの少なくとも1つがフッ素である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R5aおよびR5bが両方ともフッ素である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6aが、フッ素で置換された、水素ではない基である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6aが−CF3である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6aが、1個またはそれを超える−ORA6基で置換された、水素ではない基であり、RA6が、水素であるか、あるいは置換または非置換のアルキルである、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6aが、−CH2ORA6、−CH2CH2ORA6または−CH2CH2CH2ORA6である、請求項17に記載の化合物。
- R6aが、置換または非置換のC2〜4アルキル、置換または非置換のC2〜3アルケニル、置換または非置換のC2〜3アルキニルあるいは置換または非置換のC3カルボシクリルである、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6bが水素である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6bが−CH3または−CF3である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6aが−CF3であり、R6bが、水素またはC1〜4アルキルである、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6aが、フッ素で置換された、水素ではない基であり、R6bが−CH3である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6aが、1個またはそれを超える−ORA6基で置換されており、RA6が、水素であるか、あるいは置換または非置換のアルキルである、請求項23に記載の化合物。
- R6aが、置換または非置換のC2〜4アルキル、置換または非置換のC2〜3アルケニル、置換または非置換のC2〜3アルキニルあるいは置換または非置換のC3カルボシクリルであり、R6bが−CH3である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6aが、非置換C2〜4アルキル、非置換C2〜3アルケニルまたは非置換C2〜3アルキニルまたは非置換C3カルボシクリルであり、R6bが−CH3である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6aが、フッ素で置換された、水素ではない基であり、R6bが−CH3である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R1がC1〜3アルキルであり、R6aが、フッ素で置換された、水素ではない基であり、R6bが−CH3である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R1がC1〜3アルキルであり、R6aが、フッ素で置換された、水素ではない基であり、R6bが水素である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R1がC1〜3アルキルであり、R6aが、置換または非置換のアルキル、置換または非置換のアルケニル、置換または非置換のアルキニル、置換または非置換のカルボシクリルからなる群から選択される水素ではない基であり、R6bが−CH3である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6aが、置換または非置換のアルキル、非置換アルケニル、非置換アルキニルまたは非置換カルボシクリルからなる群から選択される、請求項30に記載の化合物。
- R6aが、置換または非置換のアルキルから選択される、請求項30に記載の化合物。
- R1が、−CH3または−CH2CH3である、請求項32に記載の化合物。
- R1が、−CH3または−CH2CH3であり、R5aおよびR5bの少なくとも1つはフッ素であるか、またはR5aおよびR5bが両方とも水素である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R1が、−CH3または−CH2CH3であり、R6aが、フッ素で置換された、水素ではない基であるか、あるいは1個またはそれを超える−ORA6基であり、RA6は、水素であるか、あるいは置換または非置換のアルキルである、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R1は、−CH3または−CH2CH3であり、R6bは、−CH3または−CF3である、請求項8または9に記載の化合物。
- R6aは、置換または非置換のアルキル、非置換アルケニル、非置換アルキニルまたは非置換カルボシクリルからなる群から選択される、請求項36に記載の化合物。
- 前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその医薬的に許容され得る塩と、医薬的に許容され得る担体とを含む、医薬組成物。
- 有効な量の請求項1〜39のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその医薬的に許容され得る塩、またはその医薬組成物を、CNSに関連する状態の処置または予防を必要とする被検体に投与することを含む、CNSに関連する状態を処置または予防するための方法。
- 前記CNSに関連する状態が、適応障害、不安障害(強迫性障害、心的外傷後ストレス障害および社交恐怖を含む)、認知障害(アルツハイマー病および他の形態の認知症を含む)、解離性障害、摂食障害、気分障害(鬱病、双極性障害および気分変調性障害を含む)、統合失調症または他の精神障害(統合失調感情障害を含む)、睡眠障害(不眠症を含む)、化学物質関連障害、人格障害(強迫性人格障害を含む)、自閉症スペクトラム障害(Shank群のタンパク質に対する突然変異を伴うものを含む)、神経発達障害(Rett症候群、結節性硬化症複合体を含む)、疼痛(急性および慢性の疼痛を含む)、医学的状態に対して二次的な脳障害(肝性脳障害および抗−NMDA受容体脳炎を含む)、発作性障害(てんかん発作重積状態および一遺伝子型のてんかん、例えば、Dravet病を含む)、卒中、外傷性脳傷害、運動障害(ハンチントン病およびパーキンソン病を含む)および耳鳴りである、請求項40に記載の方法。特定の実施形態では、これらの化合物は、鎮静作用または麻酔作用を誘発するために使用することができる。
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JP7149266B2 (ja) | 2016-09-30 | 2022-10-06 | セージ セラピューティクス, インコーポレイテッド | C7置換オキシステロールおよびnmdaモジュレーターとしての方法 |
JP2019532078A (ja) * | 2016-10-18 | 2019-11-07 | セージ セラピューティクス, インコーポレイテッド | オキシステロールおよびその使用方法 |
JP2022069555A (ja) * | 2016-10-18 | 2022-05-11 | セージ セラピューティクス, インコーポレイテッド | オキシステロールおよびその使用方法 |
JP7118957B2 (ja) | 2016-10-18 | 2022-08-16 | セージ セラピューティクス, インコーポレイテッド | オキシステロールおよびその使用方法 |
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