JP2016119284A - 複合膜、その製造方法、それを含んだ負極構造体及びリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
複合膜、その製造方法、それを含んだ負極構造体及びリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016119284A JP2016119284A JP2015049946A JP2015049946A JP2016119284A JP 2016119284 A JP2016119284 A JP 2016119284A JP 2015049946 A JP2015049946 A JP 2015049946A JP 2015049946 A JP2015049946 A JP 2015049946A JP 2016119284 A JP2016119284 A JP 2016119284A
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
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- 229910009467 Li1.4Ti1.6Al0.4P3O12 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 125000006736 (C6-C20) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006295 polythiol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000006649 (C2-C20) alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003860 C1-C20 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003358 C2-C20 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Inorganic materials [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000664 lithium aluminum titanium phosphates (LATP) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- UUEYEUDSRFNIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOC(N)=O.CCOC(N)=O.CC(=C)C(O)=O.CC(=C)C(O)=O Chemical group CCOC(N)=O.CCOC(N)=O.CC(=C)C(O)=O.CC(=C)C(O)=O UUEYEUDSRFNIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CVJYOKLQNGVTIS-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;lithium;titanium(4+);phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[Ti+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CVJYOKLQNGVTIS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(octyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- GAGZMZMLWYGJJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(2-sulfanylpropanoyloxymethyl)butyl 2-sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(S)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)S)COC(=O)C(C)S GAGZMZMLWYGJJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018119 Li 3 PO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910008550 Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2—P2O5—TiO2—GeO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MKGYHFFYERNDHK-UHFFFAOYSA-K P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ti+4].[Li+] MKGYHFFYERNDHK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- PPVYRCKAOVCGRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K P(=S)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ge+2].[Li+] Chemical compound P(=S)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ge+2].[Li+] PPVYRCKAOVCGRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910020213 PB(Mg3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910020210 Pb(Mg3Nb2/3)O3—PbTiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910020346 SiS 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002367 SrTiO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FHLPGTXWCFQMIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-(4-prop-2-enoyloxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC(=O)C=C)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OC(=O)C=C)C=C1 FHLPGTXWCFQMIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- KQAHMVLQCSALSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC KQAHMVLQCSALSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- SCPWMSBAGXEGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SCPWMSBAGXEGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000659 lithium lanthanum titanates (LLT) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YDKNBNOOCSNPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 1,3-benzoxazole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(C(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 YDKNBNOOCSNPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SLYCYWCVSGPDFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SLYCYWCVSGPDFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
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- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexyl]azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】複数個の貫通ホール13を有する有機膜12、及び該貫通ホール13に形成されたイオン伝導性無機物粒子11を含むが、該イオン伝導性無機物粒子11の少なくとも一面には、疎水性コーティング膜が形成された複合膜10、その製造方法、それを含む負極構造体及び該負極構造体を含むリチウム二次電池又はリチウム空気電池。
【選択図】図1A
Description
R1ないしR3は、互いに独立して、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルコキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20アルケニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20アルキニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリール基、置換もしくは非置換のC7−C20アリールアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリールオキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロアリール基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロアリールオキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC3−C20ヘテロアリールアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロ環基またはハロゲン原子であり、
R4は、水素、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルキル基、または置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリール基である。
(i)多官能性アクリル系モノマー及び多官能性ビニル系モノマーのうちから選択された一つ以上の多官能性モノマーの重合生成物、または
(ii)多官能性アクリル系モノマー及び多官能性ビニル系モノマーのうちから選択された一つ以上の多官能性モノマーと、3個または4個のチオール基を有するポリチオールとの重合生成物を含んでもよい。
a−1)重合可能な非水溶性フローティング化合物及び溶媒を含む混合物のうち一部を水に浮かべる第1フローティング・キャスティング(floating casting)段階と、
a−2)結果物に、少なくとも一面に疎水性コーティング膜が形成されたイオン伝導性無機物粒子を提供し、水に前記イオン伝導性無機物粒子を浮かべる第2フローティング・キャスティング段階と、
a−3)前記結果物に、重合可能な非水溶性フローティング化合物及び溶媒を含む混合物の残りを水に浮かべる第3フローティング・キャスティング段階と、を含んでもよい。
i)多官能性アクリル系モノマーと、多官能性ビニル系モノマーとのうちから選択された一つ以上の多官能性モノマー、または
ii)多官能性アクリル系モノマーと、3個または4個のチオール基を有するポリチオールとの混合物であってもよい。
b−1)イオン伝導性無機物粒子及び下記化学式1で表示される化合物を反応させる段階と、
b−2)前記反応結果物を洗浄して乾燥させる段階と、を経て製造されてもよい:
R1ないしR3は、互いに独立して、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルコキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20アルケニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20アルキニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリール基、置換もしくは非置換のC7−C20アリールアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリールオキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロアリール基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロアリールオキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC3−C20ヘテロアリールアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロ環基またはハロゲン原子であり、
R4は、水素、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルキル基、または置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリール基である。
R4は、水素、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルキル基、または置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリール基である。
R4は、水素、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルキル基、または置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリール基である。
リチウム−チタン−アルミニウム−リン酸塩(LTAP:Li1.4Ti1.6Al0.4P3O12)膜(Ohara glass、(株)オハラ)を粉砕し、それに対して、100μmサイズ及び90μmサイズの篩い分けを実施し、約95μmのサイズ(平均粒径)を有するLTAP粒子を得た。
モノマー混合物の製造時、ジウレタンダメタクリレート(DU)、mixture of isomers(Aldrich)500mgの代わりに、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(TA:trimethylolpropane triacrylate(Aldrich))500mgを使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法によって実施して複合膜を得た。ここで、疎水性コーティング膜の厚みは、約10nm以下であり、IBの縮合反応生成物の含量は、LTAP粒子100重量部を基準にして、1重量部ほどであり、前記疎水性コーティング膜が形成されたLTAP粒子の含量は、複合膜総重量100重量部を基準にして、43重量部であった。前記複合膜の平均厚は、90−95μmであった。
疎水性コーティング膜が形成されたLTAPの製造時、イソブチル(トリエトキシ)シラン(IB)の代わりに、オクチル(トリメトキシ)シランを使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法によって実施して複合膜を製造した。
複合膜の疎水性コーティング膜を構成するIBの縮合反応生成物の含量を、LTAP粒子100重量部を基準にして、約0.1重量部及び30重量部にそれぞれ変えるように工程条件が変化されたことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法によって実施して複合膜を製造した。
疎水性コーティング膜が形成されたLTAP粒子の含量を、10重量部及び90重量部に変えるように工程条件が変化されたことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法によって実施して複合膜を製造した。
複合膜の疎水性コーティング膜を構成するIBの縮合反応生成物の含量を、LTAP粒子100重量部を基準にして、約0.1重量部及び30重量部にそれぞれ変えるように工程条件が変化されたことを除いては、実施例2と同一の方法によって実施して複合膜を製造した。
疎水性コーティング膜が形成されたLTAP粒子の含量を、10重量部及び90重量部に変えるように工程条件が変化されたことを除いては、実施例2と同一の方法によって実施して複合膜を製造した。
リチウム−チタン−アルミニウム−リン酸塩(LTAP:Li1.4Ti1.6Al0.4P3O12)膜(Ohara glass)((株)オハラ)を粉砕し、それに対して、100μmサイズ及び90μmサイズの篩い分けを実施し、90ないし100μmのサイズを有するLTAP粒子を得た。
ポリ酸化エチレン粉末(重量平均分子量約100,000、製造会社Aldrich)1.38g、Li(CF3SO2)2N(LiTFSI、Wako)0.9gを、アセトニトリル(AN)100mlに分散させ、24時間撹拌して電解質形成用組成物を製造した。
厚みが260μmほどであるLTAP膜(Ohara glass)を利用した。
厚みが25μmほどである多孔性ポリプロピレン膜(Celgard社)を利用した。
ポリ酸化エチレン粉末(重量平均分子量約100,000、製造会社Aldrich)1.38g、Li(CF3SO2)2N(LiTFSI、Wako)0.9gを、溶媒であるアセトニトリル(AN)100mlで分散させ、24時間撹拌して電解質形成用組成物を製造した。
実施例1の複合膜の代わりに、実施例2−11の複合膜をそれぞれ使用したことを除いては、製作例1と同一の方法によって実施してリチウム対称セルを製造した。
PEO高分子電解質(重量平均分子量:1×105)の一側面に、リチウム金属を配置し、前記PEO高分子電解質の他面に、ポリエチレンセパレータ(PEセパレータ)(Celgard 2400(Hoechest Celanese Corp)を積層した。
実施例1の複合膜の代わりに、比較例1の膜を使用したことを除いては、製作例1と同一の方法によって実施してリチウム対称セルを製造した。
実施例1の複合膜の代わりに、比較例2−4の膜を使用したことを除いては、製作例1と同一の方法によって実施してリチウム対称セルを製造した。
実施例1、実施例3及び比較例1
実施例1、実施例3及び比較例1によって製造された複合膜を、電子走査顕微鏡を利用して分析した。ここで、電子走査顕微鏡としては、SNE−4500M/MCM−100(SEC社)を利用した。
実施例2によって製造された複合膜に対して、光学顕微鏡を利用して、分析を実施した。該光学顕微鏡としては、Nikon社のEclipse LV100Dを利用した。
(1)実施例1,2及び比較例2−3
実施例1,2によって製造された複合膜、比較例2によって製造されたPEO10LiTFSI高分子電解質、及び比較例3によって製造されたLTAP膜の両面に、金(Au)層を積層して構造体を製造した。その構造体の抵抗を測定した。
製作例1,2によって製造されたリチウム対称セルのインピーダンス特性を評価した。
実施例1,2によって製造された複合膜、比較例2によって製造されたPEO10LiTFSI高分子電解質、比較例3によって製造されたLTAP膜、及び比較例4によって製造された多孔性PP膜の酸素透過度(OTR)を、下記方法によって評価した。
製作例12によるリチウム空気電池を、チャンバ内で酸素1気圧で、0.48mA/cm2のCCモード(constant current mode)で放電させ、0.48mAh/cm2のCCモード(constant curren tmode)、4.0V CVモード(constant voltage mode)で充電させた。
11, 無機物粒子
12,22 高分子膜
13,23 貫通ホール
30 リチウム空気電池
31 ケース
32 基材
33,310 負極
34,36,320 電解質
37,63 正極
38a 空気注入口
38b 空気排出口
39 押圧部材
61 リチウム二次電池
62 セパレータ
65 電池ケース
66 キャップアセンブリ
300 負極構造物
330 複合膜
Claims (34)
- 複数個の貫通ホールを有する有機膜、及び前記貫通ホールに形成されたイオン伝導性無機物粒子を含み、
前記イオン伝導性無機物粒子の少なくとも一面には、疎水性コーティング膜が形成された複合膜。 - 前記複合膜の表面に露出されていないイオン伝導性無機物粒子の一面には、疎水性コーティング膜が形成されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合膜。
- 前記複合膜の表面が、連続した有機膜内に、イオン伝導性無機物粒子が不連続的に配置された海島構造を含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の複合膜。
- 前記複合膜の断面が、有機膜とイオン伝導性無機物粒子とが交互に整列された構造を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記有機膜内に埋め込まれたイオン伝導性無機物粒子が、単一層で配置されることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記有機膜が、ホモ重合体、ブロック共重合体及びランダム共重合体のうちから選択された一つ以上を含む高分子膜であることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記疎水性コーティング膜は、下記化学式1で表示される化合物のうちから選択された一つ以上の縮合反応生成物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜:
R1ないしR3は、互いに独立して、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルコキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20アルケニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20アルキニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリール基、置換もしくは非置換のC7−C20アリールアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリールオキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロアリール基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロアリールオキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC3−C20ヘテロアリールアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロ環基またはハロゲン原子であり、
R4は、水素、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルキル基、または置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリール基である。 - 前記化学式1で表示される化合物が、イソブチルトリメトキシシラン、オクチルトリメトキシシラン、プロピルトリメトキシシラン、デシルトリメトキシシラン、ドデシルトリメトキシシラン、オクタデシルトリメトキシシラン、3−メタクリルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、n−オクタデシルトリエトキシシラン、1H,1H,2H,2H−パーフルオロオクチルトリエトキシシラン及び(3−メルカプトプロピル)トリメトキシシランからなる群から選択された一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の複合膜。
- 前記化学式1で表示される化合物のうちから選択された一つ以上の縮合反応生成物の含量は、イオン伝導性無機物粒子100重量部を基準にして、0.1ないし30重量部であることを特徴とする請求項7または8に記載の複合膜。
- 前記イオン伝導性無機物粒子が、粒子間境界のない単一粒子であることを特徴とする請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記イオン伝導性無機物粒子の含量は、複合膜総重量100重量部を基準にして、10ないし90重量部であることを特徴とする請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記イオン伝導性無機物粒子は、ガラス質活性金属イオン伝導体、非晶質活性金属イオン伝導体、セラミックス活性金属イオン伝導体、及びガラス−セラミックス活性金属イオン伝導体のうちから選択された一つ以上、またはそれらの組み合わせ物であることを特徴とする請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記イオン伝導性無機物粒子は、Li1+x+yAlxTi2−xSiyP3−yO12(0<x<2、0≦y<3)、BaTiO3、Pb(Zr,Ti)O3(PZT)、Pb1−xLaxZr1−yTiyO3(PLZT)(O≦x<1、O≦y<1)、Pb(Mg3Nb2/3)O3−PbTiO3(PMN−PT)、HfO2、SrTiO3、SnO2、CeO2、Na2O、MgO、NiO、CaO、BaO、ZnO、ZrO2、Y2O3、Al2O3、TiO2、SiO2、SiC、リン酸リチウム(Li3PO4)、リチウムチタンホスフェート(LixTiy(PO4)3、0<x<2、0<y<3)、リチウムアルミニウムチタンホスフェート(LixAlyTiz(PO4)3、0<x<2、0<y<1、0<z<3)、Li1+x+y(Al,Ga)x(Ti,Ge)2−xSiyP3−yO12(O≦x≦1、O≦y≦1)、リチウムランタンチタネート(LixLayTiO3、0<x<2、0<y<3)、リチウムゲルマニウムチオホスフェート(LixGeyPzSw、0<x<4、0<y<1、0<z<1、0<w<5)、リチウムニトリド(LixNy、0<x<4、0<y<2)、SiS2(LixSiySz、0<x<3、0<y<2、0<z<4)系ガラス、P2S5(LixPySz、0<x<3、0<y<3、0<z<7)系ガラス、Li2O、LiF、LiOH、Li2CO3、LiAlO2、Li2O−Al2O3−SiO2−P2O5−TiO2−GeO2系セラミックス、及びガーネット(Garnet)系セラミックスLi3+xLa3M2O12(M=Te、Nb、またはZr)のうちから選択された一つ以上、またはそれらの組み合わせ物であることを特徴とする請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記イオン伝導性無機物粒子が、LTAP(Li1.4Ti1.6Al0.4P3O12)またはLi2O−Al2O3−SiO2−P2O5−TiO2−GeO2系セラミックスであることを特徴とする請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記有機膜は、水分遮断特性及びガス遮断特性を有する高分子を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記有機膜は、重合可能な非水溶性フローティング化合物の重合生成物、または重合可能な非水溶性フローティング化合物と、3個または4個のチオール基を有するポリチオールとの重合生成物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記有機膜は、
(i)多官能性アクリル系モノマー及び多官能性ビニル系モノマーのうちから選択された一つ以上の多官能性モノマーの重合生成物、または
(ii)多官能性アクリル系モノマー及び多官能性ビニル系モノマーのうちから選択された一つ以上の多官能性モノマーと、3個または4個のチオール基を有するポリチオールとの重合生成物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。 - 前記多官能性モノマーが、ジウレタンジメタクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート、ジウレタンジアクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジアクリレート、3’−アクリルオキシ−2’,2’−ジメチルプロピル 3−アクリルオキシ−2,2−ジメチルプロピオネート、ビスフェノールAジアクリレート及び1,3,5−トリアリル−1,3,5−トリアジン−2,4,6−トリオンのうちから選択された一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項17に記載の複合膜。
- 前記ポリチオールが、ペンタエリトリトールテトラキス(2−メルカプトプロピオネート、トリメチロールプロパントリス(2−メルカプトプロピオネート)、4−メルカプトメチル−3,6−ジチア−1,8−オクタンジチオール及びペンタエリトリトールテトラキス(3−メルカプトアセテート)のうちから選択された一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項17または18に記載の複合膜。
- 前記イオン伝導性無機物粒子の平均粒径が、1ないし300μmであることを特徴とする請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記複合膜のガス透過度が、10−3ないし1,000cm3/m2日であることを特徴とする請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記複合膜において、イオン伝導性無機物粒子の露出面積が、複合膜総面積を基準にして、30ないし80%であることを特徴とする請求項1から21のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 前記疎水性コーティング膜の厚みが、1ないし100nmであることを特徴とする請求項1から22のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜。
- 重合可能な非水溶性フローティング化合物及び溶媒を含む混合物と、少なくとも一面に疎水性コーティング膜が形成されたイオン伝導性無機物粒子とを水に浮かべる第1段階と、
結果物を撹拌する第2段階と、
前記結果物から溶媒を除去する第3段階と、
重合反応を実施する第4段階を含み、請求項1から23のうちいずれか1項に記載の複合膜を製造する複合膜の製造方法。 - 前記第2段階において、エアーブローイングを実施することを特徴とする請求項24に記載の複合膜の製造方法。
- 前記第1段階が、
a−1)重合可能な非水溶性フローティング化合物及び溶媒を含む混合物のうち一部を水に浮かべる第1フローティング・キャスティング段階と、
a−2)結果物に、少なくとも一面に疎水性コーティング膜が形成されたイオン伝導性無機物粒子を提供し、水に、前記イオン伝導性無機物粒子を浮かべる第2フローティング・キャスティング段階と、
a−3)前記結果物に、重合可能な非水溶性フローティング化合物及び溶媒を含む混合物の残りを水に浮かべる第3フローティング・キャスティング段階と、を含むことを特徴とする請求項24または25に記載の複合膜の製造方法。 - 前記重合可能な非水溶性フローティング化合物が、
i)多官能性アクリル系モノマーと、多官能性ビニル系モノマーとのうちから選択された一つ以上の多官能性モノマー、または
ii)多官能性アクリル系モノマーと、3個または4個のチオール基を有するポリチオールとの混合物であることを特徴とする請求項24から26のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜の製造方法。 - 前記少なくとも一面に疎水性コーティング膜が形成されたイオン伝導性無機物粒子は、
b−1)イオン伝導性無機物粒子及び下記化学式1で表示される化合物を反応させる段階と、
b−2)前記反応結果物を洗浄して乾燥させる段階と、を経て製造されることを特徴とする請求項24から27のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜の製造方法:
R1ないしR3は、互いに独立して、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルコキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20アルケニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20アルキニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリール基、置換もしくは非置換のC7−C20アリールアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリールオキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロアリール基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロアリールオキシ基、置換もしくは非置換のC3−C20ヘテロアリールアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2−C20ヘテロ環基またはハロゲン原子であり、
R4は、水素、置換もしくは非置換のC1−C20アルキル基、または置換もしくは非置換のC6−C20アリール基である。 - 前記b−1)段階で使用されたイオン伝導性無機物粒子は、粉砕過程及び篩い分け過程を経て、平均粒径が1ないし300μmであることを特徴とする請求項28に記載の複合膜の製造方法。
- 前記溶媒を除去する第3段階は、25ないし60℃で実施されることを特徴とする請求項24から29のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜の製造方法。
- 前記重合可能な非水溶性フローティング化合物の含量は、少なくとも一面に、疎水性コーティング膜が形成されたイオン伝導性無機物粒子100重量部を基準にして、10ないし1,000重量部であることを特徴とする請求項24から30のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜の製造方法。
- 負極、及び請求項1から23のいずれか一項に記載の複合膜を含む負極構造体。
- 請求項32に記載の負極構造体を含むリチウム二次電池。
- 請求項32に記載の負極構造体を含むリチウム空気電池。
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JP6999217B2 (ja) | 2022-02-04 |
EP3041066B1 (en) | 2017-11-29 |
JP2020074342A (ja) | 2020-05-14 |
CN106033804A (zh) | 2016-10-19 |
EP3041066A1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
KR20160075292A (ko) | 2016-06-29 |
CN106033804B (zh) | 2019-08-09 |
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US20160181585A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
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