JP2016076549A - 希土類磁石の製造方法 - Google Patents
希土類磁石の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
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- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0576—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together pressed, e.g. hot working
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/17—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by forging
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F2003/026—Mold wall lubrication or article surface lubrication
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/13—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
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Abstract
【解決手段】成形型Mの内面に黒鉛系潤滑剤GFを塗布もしくは散布しておき、希土類磁石材料となる磁性粉末MFを成形型Mに充填して冷間成形することにより、表面に黒鉛系潤滑剤被膜12が形成された冷間成形体10を製作する第1のステップ、冷間成形体10を熱間成形することにより、表面に黒鉛系潤滑剤被膜が形成された焼結体を製作する第2のステップ、焼結体に異方性を与えるべく、熱間塑性加工を施して希土類磁石を製造する第3のステップ、からなる。
【選択図】図3
Description
本発明の製造方法は、まず、第1のステップにおいて、成形型の内面に黒鉛系潤滑剤を塗布もしくは散布しておき、希土類磁石材料となる磁性粉末を成形型に充填して冷間成形することにより、表面に黒鉛系潤滑剤被膜が形成された冷間成形体を製作する。ここで、図1は第1のステップで使用する磁性粉末の製作方法を説明した模式図である。
本発明者等は、黒鉛系潤滑剤を使用する本発明の製造方法で製造された希土類磁石と、黒鉛系潤滑剤を使用しない従来の製造方法で製造された希土類磁石の酸素濃度と保磁力を測定する実験、および、本発明の製造方法で製造される希土類磁石に関し、焼結体を製作する熱間成形の際の温度を変化させて製造された種々の希土類磁石の酸素濃度を測定する実験をおこなった。
希土類磁石原料(合金組成は、29.8Nd-0.2Pr-4Co-0.9B-0.6Ga-Bal.Fe(いずれも質量%))を所定量配合し、Arガス雰囲気下で溶解した後、その溶湯をオリフィスからCrめっきを施したCu製の回転ロールに射出して急冷し、急冷薄帯を製作し、これを粉砕して磁性粉末を得た。7.2×28.2×60mmの容積のインコネルの成形型内にグラファイト粉末からなる黒鉛系潤滑剤を塗布し、磁性粉末30gを成形型内に収容した。次に、大気雰囲気下、23℃でストローク速度20mm/sec、荷重100MPaにて冷間成形し、冷間成形体を製作した。この冷間成形体を7.2×28.2×60mmの容積のインコネルの成形型内に収容し、大気雰囲気下、700℃で500MPaの負荷で60秒保持する熱間成形をおこない、焼結体を製作した。この焼結体を別途用意した鍛造型に収容し、加熱温度750℃、加工率75%、歪速度1.0/secで熱間塑性加工をおこない、希土類磁石を製作した。製作された希土類磁石から、サイズ5.0×5.0×4.0mmの試験体を切り出し、酸素濃度を測定するとともに磁気特性を評価した。
実施例2は焼結体を製作する際の加熱温度を650℃とし、実施例3は同加熱温度を750℃とし、いずれもその他の条件は実施例1と同じである。
比較例は、実施例1の製造方法において、黒鉛系潤滑剤が塗布された成形型内に磁性粉末を収容して冷間成形体を製作する加工を実施せず、黒鉛系潤滑剤が塗布されていない成形型内に磁性粉末を収容して焼結体を製造し、熱間塑性加工を実施して希土類磁石を製造するものであり、これらの加工の際には実施例1と同様の条件としている。
まず、実施例1〜3、比較例の酸素濃度を酸素濃度計を用いて測定し、実施例1と比較例の保磁力を試料振動型磁力計(VSM)を用いて測定した。図7は実施例1と比較例の酸素濃度を測定する実験結果を示した図であり、図8は実施例1と比較例の保磁力を測定する実験結果を示した図である。また、図9は実施例1〜3の酸素濃度を測定する実験結果を示した図である。
Claims (1)
- 成形型の内面に黒鉛系潤滑剤を塗布もしくは散布しておき、希土類磁石材料となる磁性粉末を成形型に充填して冷間成形することにより、表面に黒鉛系潤滑剤被膜が形成された冷間成形体を製作する第1のステップ、
前記冷間成形体を熱間成形することにより、表面に黒鉛系潤滑剤被膜が形成された焼結体を製作する第2のステップ、
前記焼結体に異方性を与えるべく、前記焼結体に熱間塑性加工を施して希土類磁石を製造する第3のステップからなる希土類磁石の製造方法。
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JP2014204900A JP6274068B2 (ja) | 2014-10-03 | 2014-10-03 | 希土類磁石の製造方法 |
US14/829,807 US10002695B2 (en) | 2014-10-03 | 2015-08-19 | Method for manufacturing rare-earth magnets |
CN201510640221.XA CN105489364B (zh) | 2014-10-03 | 2015-09-30 | 稀土磁铁的制造方法 |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US11830646B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2023-11-28 | Tdk Corporation | R-T-B based permanent magnet |
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CN107170544A (zh) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-09-15 | 苏州宏创高频加热设备有限公司 | 一种高频感应加热方法 |
CN107546025B (zh) * | 2017-07-10 | 2020-10-16 | 北京工业大学 | 一种剪切力热变形模具和钕铁硼磁体的制备方法 |
CN107718672A (zh) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-02-23 | 河北工业职业技术学院 | 粉体均压制样设备 |
CN109158594A (zh) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-08 | 江苏全球康功能纺织品有限公司 | 一种保健磁条的制作工艺 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH03241705A (ja) * | 1989-11-14 | 1991-10-28 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 磁気異方性磁石及びその製造方法 |
JPH06238500A (ja) * | 1991-05-15 | 1994-08-30 | General Motors Corp <Gm> | 大気開放型プレス機で熱間プレス加工した磁石 |
JPH09129465A (ja) * | 1995-10-30 | 1997-05-16 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Nd−Fe−B系磁石の製造方法 |
JPH1187120A (ja) * | 1997-09-04 | 1999-03-30 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | 潤滑皮膜付きNd−Fe−B系磁石 |
JP2000144206A (ja) * | 1998-11-05 | 2000-05-26 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 粉末冶金用粉末の圧縮成形法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
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JPH01171204A (ja) | 1987-12-25 | 1989-07-06 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 希土類−Fe−B系磁石の製造方法 |
JPH01248503A (ja) | 1988-03-29 | 1989-10-04 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | R−Fe−B系異方性磁石の製造方法 |
JPH06346102A (ja) | 1993-06-14 | 1994-12-20 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 原料粉の成形装置及びこれを用いた希土類磁石の製造方法及びその装置 |
CA2287783C (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2005-09-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Method for the compaction of powders for powder metallurgy |
JP4099158B2 (ja) | 2004-02-17 | 2008-06-11 | Tdk株式会社 | 希土類焼結磁石用合金粉末の成形装置およびその成形方法並びに徐酸化方法 |
KR100642218B1 (ko) * | 2005-02-23 | 2006-11-03 | (주)대한특수금속 | 희토류계 자석 제조용 자장 프레스 장치 |
DE102006047621A1 (de) * | 2006-10-09 | 2008-04-10 | Chemische Fabrik Budenheim Kg | Graphithaltiger Hochtemperaturschmierstoff für Edel- und Kohlenstoffstähle |
CN101593590B (zh) * | 2009-04-10 | 2012-03-28 | 华中科技大学 | 一种温压成型酚醛树脂粘结Nd-Fe-B磁体的制备方法 |
JP2014069187A (ja) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-21 | Kobe Steel Ltd | プレス成形された金属材料の製造方法、および、熱交換器用部材の製造方法 |
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- 2014-10-03 JP JP2014204900A patent/JP6274068B2/ja active Active
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- 2015-08-19 US US14/829,807 patent/US10002695B2/en active Active
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH03241705A (ja) * | 1989-11-14 | 1991-10-28 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 磁気異方性磁石及びその製造方法 |
JPH06238500A (ja) * | 1991-05-15 | 1994-08-30 | General Motors Corp <Gm> | 大気開放型プレス機で熱間プレス加工した磁石 |
JPH09129465A (ja) * | 1995-10-30 | 1997-05-16 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Nd−Fe−B系磁石の製造方法 |
JPH1187120A (ja) * | 1997-09-04 | 1999-03-30 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | 潤滑皮膜付きNd−Fe−B系磁石 |
JP2000144206A (ja) * | 1998-11-05 | 2000-05-26 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 粉末冶金用粉末の圧縮成形法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11830646B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2023-11-28 | Tdk Corporation | R-T-B based permanent magnet |
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CN105489364A (zh) | 2016-04-13 |
US20160099104A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 |
US10002695B2 (en) | 2018-06-19 |
JP6274068B2 (ja) | 2018-02-07 |
CN105489364B (zh) | 2018-04-24 |
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