JP2016039143A - 発光素子、発光装置、照明装置、表示装置、ディスプレイパネル、電子機器 - Google Patents
発光素子、発光装置、照明装置、表示装置、ディスプレイパネル、電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016039143A JP2016039143A JP2015155085A JP2015155085A JP2016039143A JP 2016039143 A JP2016039143 A JP 2016039143A JP 2015155085 A JP2015155085 A JP 2015155085A JP 2015155085 A JP2015155085 A JP 2015155085A JP 2016039143 A JP2016039143 A JP 2016039143A
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Classifications
-
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Abstract
Description
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の発光素子の構造について図1を用いて説明する。
まず、基板100について説明する。
次に陽極121について説明する。
本発明の一態様に係る発光素子において、EL層は、発光物質を有する発光層を2以上有し、陽極側から正孔注入層、正孔輸送層、第1の発光層、第2の発光層、電子輸送層、電子注入層の順に形成される。各層は必ずしも単層である必要はなく、2以上の層から構成されてもよい。また、電子注入層及び電子輸送層の機能を1の層で実現してもよく、正孔輸送層及び正孔注入層の機能を1の層で実現することもできる。また、発光層以外の層のうち1又は複数の層が省略される場合もある。また、第1の発光層と第2の発光層との間に層を設けてもよい。
次に陰極123について説明する。陰極123および陽極121のうち少なくとも一方を、可視光を透過する導電膜を用いて形成する。例えば、陰極123または陽極121の一方を、可視光を透過する導電膜を用いて形成し、他方を、可視光を反射する導電膜を用いて形成すると、一方の面に光を射出する発光素子を構成できる。また、陰極123および陽極121の両方を、可視光を透過する導電膜を用いて形成すると、両方の面に光を射出する発光素子を構成できる。陽極121を、可視光を透過しない導電膜を用いて形成するならば、陰極123に用いられる導電膜は可視光を透過する導電膜でなければならない。
本実施の形態においては、本発明の一態様の発光素子、本発明の一態様の発光装置、または本発明の一態様の表示装置に用いることのできる発光素子の発光機構について、図3乃至図5を用いて、以下説明を行う。
まず、第1の発光層413の発光機構について、以下説明を行う。
・Host:ホスト材料422
・Guest:ゲスト材料421(蛍光発光性材料)
・SFH:ホスト材料422の一重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・TFH:ホスト材料422の三重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・SFG:ゲスト材料421(蛍光発光性材料)の一重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・TFG:ゲスト材料421(蛍光発光性材料)の三重項励起状態の最も低い準位
次に、第2の発光層414の発光機構について、以下説明を行う。
・Host:第1の有機化合物432
・Assist:第2の有機化合物433
・Guest:ゲスト材料431(燐光発光性材料)
・SPH:ホスト材料(第1の有機化合物432)の一重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・TPH:ホスト材料(第1の有機化合物432)の三重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・TPG:ゲスト材料431(燐光発光性材料)の三重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・SE:励起錯体の一重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・TE:励起錯体の三重項励起状態の最も低い準位
第1の発光層413及び第2の発光層414のそれぞれの発光機構について、上記説明したが、発光素子450に示すように、第1の発光層413と、第2の発光層414とが互いに接する構成を有する場合、第1の発光層413と第2の発光層414の界面において、励起錯体から第1の発光層413のホスト材料422へのエネルギー移動(とくに三重項励起準位のエネルギー移動)が起こったとしても、第1の発光層413にて上記三重項励起エネルギーを発光に変換することができる。
・Fluorescence EML:蛍光発光層(第1の発光層413)
・Phosphorescence EML:燐光発光層(第2の発光層414)
・SFH:ホスト材料422の一重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・TFH:ホスト材料422の三重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・SFG:ゲスト材料421(蛍光発光性材料)の一重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・TFG:ゲスト材料421(蛍光発光性材料)の三重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・SPH:ホスト材料(第1の有機化合物432)の一重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・TPH:ホスト材料(第1の有機化合物432)の三重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・TPG:ゲスト材料431(燐光発光性材料)の三重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・SE:励起錯体の一重項励起状態の最も低い準位
・TE:励起錯体の三重項励起状態の最も低い準位
第1の発光層413中では、ホスト材料422が重量比で最も多く存在し、ゲスト材料421(蛍光発光性材料)は、ホスト材料422中に分散される。ホスト材料422のS1準位は、ゲスト材料421(蛍光発光性材料)のS1準位よりも大きく、ホスト材料422のT1準位は、ゲスト材料421(蛍光発光性材料)のT1準位よりも小さいことが好ましい。
第2の発光層414中では、ホスト材料(第1の有機化合物432)が質量比で最も多く存在し、ゲスト材料431(燐光発光性材料)は、ホスト材料(第1の有機化合物432)中に分散される。第2の発光層414のホスト材料(第1の有機化合物432)のT1準位は、第1の発光層413のゲスト材料421(蛍光発光性材料)のT1準位よりも大きいことが好ましい。
本実施の形態においては、実施の形態1又は実施の形態2に記載の発光素子を有する発光装置について説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様である発光素子を適用して作製された発光装置について図6を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1に記載の発光素子を適用して作製された発光装置を用いて完成させた様々な電子機器の一例について、図7を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様である発光素子を用いて作製される発光装置について、図9を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態においては、本発明の一態様の発光装置と組み合わせることができるタッチセンサ、及びモジュールについて、図10乃至図13を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様である発光素子の構造について、図14を用いて説明する。
本実施例において形成した発光素子を、図1(B)を用いて説明する。
次に発光素子2について説明する。発光素子2は、発光素子1とほぼ同様の方法で作製した。しかし、発光素子2は発光素子1とは異なり、陽極121の酸化珪素を含むインジウム錫酸化物(ITSO)膜を形成せず、その一方で、正孔注入層102を材質は変更せず膜厚を45nmとなるよう形成した。
図15に、発光素子1乃至発光素子2の発光スペクトルを示す。図15に示される通り、各スペクトルの各発光ピークは、各素子でピーク波長及びピーク形状がほぼ一致している一方で、ピークの発光強度は異なる。
本実施例において形成した発光素子を、図1(B)を用いて説明する。
次に発光素子4について説明する。発光素子4は、発光素子3とほぼ同様の方法で作製した。しかし、発光素子4は発光素子3とは異なり、陽極121の酸化珪素を含むインジウム錫酸化物(ITSO)膜を形成せず、その一方で、正孔注入層102を材質は変更せず膜厚を102.5nmとなるよう形成した。
作製した発光素子3及び発光素子4の発光スペクトル及び素子特性の測定結果について説明するが、本実施例においては、測定に際し光路に青色のカラーフィルターを設置した。また、EL層における光路長を両発光素子においておおよそ一致させたことにより、青色の発光を相対的に強めるマイクロキャビティ効果を同等に生じる構成とした。すなわち、例えば、EL発光を利用した表示装置における青色の副画素において当該構成を用いる状況を想定した両者の測定結果の評価を可能とした。なお、青色のカラーフィルターは、400nm以上530nm以下の波長帯域の光を透過することができる公知のカラーフィルターを用いた。
102 正孔注入層
103 正孔輸送層
104 第1の発光層
105 層
106 第2の発光層
107 第3の発光層
108 電子輸送層
109 電子注入層
121 陽極
121a 陽極
121b 陽極
122 EL層
123 陰極
400 EL層
401 電極
402 電極
411 正孔注入層
412 正孔輸送層
413 発光層
414 発光層
415 電子輸送層
416 電子注入層
421 ゲスト材料
422 ホスト材料
431 ゲスト材料
432 有機化合物
433 有機化合物
450 発光素子
501 素子基板
502 画素部
503 駆動回路部(ソース線駆動回路)
504a 駆動回路部(ゲート線駆動回路)
504b 駆動回路部(ゲート線駆動回路)
505 シール材
506 封止基板
507 引き回し配線
508 FPC(フレキシブルプリント基板)
509 nチャネル型FET
510 pチャネル型FET
511 スイッチングFET
512 電流制御用FET
513 電極
514 絶縁物
515 EL層
516 電極
519 発光素子
520 空間
2001 第1の基板
2002 発光部
2005a 第1の封止材
2005b 第2の封止材
2006 第2の基板
2011 第2の空間
2013 第1の空間
3100 発光装置
3103a 下部電極
3103b 下部電極
3103c 下部電極
3105a 導電層
3105b 導電層
3107a 隔壁
3107b 隔壁
3107c 隔壁
3107d 隔壁
3110 正孔注入層
3112 正孔輸送層
3113 第1の発光層
3114 第2の発光層
3116 電子輸送層
3118 電子注入層
3119 上部電極
3120a 発光素子
3120b 発光素子
3120c 発光素子
4500 タッチセンサ
4510 導電層
4510a 導電層
4510b 導電層
4510c 導電層
4520 導電層
4540 容量
4710 導電層
4810 絶縁層
4820 絶縁層
4910 基板
4920 基板
5000 モジュール
5001 上部カバー
5002 下部カバー
5003 FPC
5004 タッチパネル
5005 FPC
5006 表示パネル
5007 バックライトユニット
5008 光源
5009 フレーム
5010 プリント基板
5011 バッテリー
5101a 陽極
5101b 陽極
5102a 正孔注入層
5102b 正孔注入層
5103 正孔輸送層
5104 青色の発光層
5106 青とは異なる色の発光層
5110 陰極
5200 キャリアの再結合が発生する領域
6001 基板
6002 発光素子
6003 第1の電極
6004 EL層
6005 第2の電極
6006 バッファー層
6007 第3の電極
6008 コンタクト部
6100 光散乱層
6101 光散乱体
6102 空気層
6103 高屈折率層
6104 素子層
7100 テレビジョン装置
7101 筐体
7103 表示部
7105 スタンド
7107 表示部
7109 操作キー
7110 リモコン操作機
7201 本体
7202 筐体
7203 表示部
7204 キーボード
7205 外部接続ポート
7206 ポインティングデバイス
7301 筐体
7302 筐体
7303 連結部
7304 表示部
7305 表示部
7306 スピーカ部
7307 記録媒体挿入部
7308 LEDランプ
7309 操作キー
7310 接続端子
7311 センサ
7312 マイクロフォン
7400 携帯電話機
7401 筐体
7402 表示部
7403 操作ボタン
7404 外部接続ポート
7405 スピーカ
7406 マイク
9033 留め具
9034 表示モード切り替えスイッチ
9035 電源スイッチ
9036 省電力モード切り替えスイッチ
9038 操作スイッチ
9630 筐体
9631 表示部
9631a 表示部
9631b 表示部
9632a タッチパネルの領域
9632b タッチパネルの領域
9633 太陽電池
9634 充放電制御回路
9635 バッテリー
9636 DCDCコンバータ
9637 操作キー
9638 コンバータ
9639 ボタン
Claims (14)
- 第1の発光素子と第2の発光素子とを有し、
前記第1の発光素子は、第1の電極と、EL層と、第2の電極と、を有し、
前記第2の発光素子は、第3の電極と、前記EL層と、前記第2の電極と、を有し、
前記第1の発光素子において、前記EL層は、前記第1の電極と、前記第2の電極との間に設けられ、
前記第2の発光素子において、前記EL層は、前記第3の電極と、前記第2の電極との間に設けられ、
前記EL層は、第1の発光層と、第2の発光層と、層と、を有し、
前記第1の発光層は、前記層と接し、
前記層は、前記第2の発光層と接し、
前記第1の発光層の構成は、前記第2の発光層の構成とは異なり、
前記第1の発光素子と、前記第2の発光素子と、はキャリアの注入性が異なることを特徴とする発光装置。 - 第1の発光素子と第2の発光素子とを有し、
前記第1の発光素子は、第1の電極と、前記第1の電極上のEL層と、前記EL層上の第2の電極と、を有し、
前記第2の発光素子は、第3の電極と、前記第3の電極上の前記EL層と、前記EL層上の前記第2の電極と、を有し、
前記第1の発光素子において、前記EL層は、前記第1の電極と、前記第2の電極との間に設けられ、
前記第2の発光素子において、前記EL層は、前記第3の電極と、前記第2の電極との間に設けられ、
前記EL層は、第1の発光層と、前記第1の発光層上に接して設けられた層と、前記層上に接して設けられた第2の発光層と、を有し、
前記第1の発光層は、第1の物質を有し、
前記第2の発光層は、第2の物質を有し、
前記第1の物質は、前記第2の物質とは異なり、
前記第1の発光素子と、前記第2の発光素子と、はキャリアの注入性が異なることを特徴とする発光装置。 - 第1の発光素子と第2の発光素子とを有し、
前記第1の発光素子は、第1の電極と、前記第1の電極に接する前記第1の電極上のEL層と、前記EL層に接する前記EL層上の第2の電極と、を有し、
前記第2の発光素子は、前記EL層と、前記EL層に接する前記EL層下の第3の電極と、前記EL層に接する前記EL層上の前記第2の電極と、を有し、
前記EL層は、第1の発光層と、前記第1の発光層上に接して設けられた層と、前記層上に接して設けられた第2の発光層と、を有し、
前記第1の発光層は、第1の物質を有し、
前記第2の発光層は、第2の物質を有し、
前記第1の物質は、前記第2の物質とは異なり、
前記第1の発光素子と、前記第2の発光素子と、はキャリアの注入性が異なることを特徴とする発光装置。 - 請求項2乃または請求項3において、
前記第1の物質と前記第2の物質の一方は、一重項励起エネルギーを発光に変換できる機能を有し、
前記第1の物質と前記第2の物質の他方は、三重項励起エネルギーを発光に変換できる機能を有することを特徴とする発光装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項4において、
前記第1の発光素子は、前記第2の発光素子が発することができる光の色とは異なる色の光を発することができる機能を有することを特徴とする発光装置。 - 請求項2乃至請求項5において、
前記第1の物質は、青色の波長領域に強度を有する光を発する機能を有する物質であることを特徴とする発光装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項6において、
前記第1の発光素子は、さらに第1のカラーフィルターを有し、
前記第2の発光素子は、さらに第2のカラーフィルターを有し、
前記第1のカラーフィルターは、前記第2のカラーフィルターが透過することができる光の色とは異なる色の光を透過することができる機能を有することを特徴とする発光装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項7において、
前記EL層は、前記第1の発光層の下に、アクセプター性物質を有する層をさらに有することを特徴とする発光装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項8において、
前記第1の電極の仕事関数は、前記第3の電極の仕事関数とは異なることを特徴とする発光装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項9において、
前記第1の電極はITSOであり、前記第3の電極はTiであること特徴とする発光装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項10において、
前記第1の電極は第1のトランジスタに電気的に接続されており、
前記第3の電極は第2のトランジスタに電気的に接続されていることを特徴とする発光装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項11に記載の発光装置と、ドライバー回路と、を有するディスプレイパネル。
- 請求項1乃至請求項11に記載の発光装置と、電源スイッチと、を有する照明装置。
- 請求項1乃至請求項11に記載の発光装置と、操作ボタンと、を有する電子機器。
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2017
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20160043146A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
US9917271B2 (en) | 2018-03-13 |
KR102377360B1 (ko) | 2022-03-21 |
KR20160018380A (ko) | 2016-02-17 |
JP2020098789A (ja) | 2020-06-25 |
US9653517B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 |
US20170213991A1 (en) | 2017-07-27 |
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